A handbbok on Weed Control in Rice.pdf
A handbbok on Weed Control in Rice.pdf
A handbbok on Weed Control in Rice.pdf
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Upland rice weeds / POACEAE (grass family)<br />
<strong>Weed</strong> name: Cynod<strong>on</strong> dactyl<strong>on</strong> (L.)<br />
Pers.<br />
Syn<strong>on</strong>yms: N<strong>on</strong>e<br />
Local names:<br />
Country Comm<strong>on</strong> name<br />
Angola usila<br />
Argent<strong>in</strong>a chepica (Spanish)<br />
Brazil capim deburro<br />
(Portuguese)<br />
Cambodia smav anchien (Khmer)<br />
Chile pasto gall<strong>in</strong>a (Spanish)<br />
France herbe des bemu das<br />
India arugampulu, doob (Tamil)<br />
garika (Telugu)<br />
Ind<strong>on</strong>esia<br />
Mauritius<br />
gigir<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g<br />
chiendent<br />
Pakistan dub<br />
Philipp<strong>in</strong>es kotatai, kawad-kawad<br />
(Tagalog)<br />
Sudan nagil<br />
USA bermudagrass<br />
Vietnam co chi<br />
Zambia kap<strong>in</strong>ga<br />
Life cycle: A creep<strong>in</strong>g perennial<br />
grass. Can grow as tall as 40 cm.<br />
Propagates almost exclusively by<br />
stol<strong>on</strong>s and rhizomes and produces<br />
few seeds. Seeds are very small but<br />
can survive about 50 d submergence.<br />
As l<strong>on</strong>g as moisture is present, seeds<br />
can germ<strong>in</strong>ate throughout the year.<br />
Habitat: Adapted to dry or moist<br />
well-dra<strong>in</strong>ed soils.<br />
<strong>Weed</strong>y nature: Rhizomes and<br />
stol<strong>on</strong>s root easily at the nodes and<br />
reestablish immediately after cutt<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
Rhizomes grow deeply <strong>in</strong> the soil,<br />
enabl<strong>in</strong>g the weed to withstand<br />
extreme envir<strong>on</strong>ments. A comm<strong>on</strong> and<br />
persistent weed, very competitive, with<br />
rapid shoot growth. Difficult to c<strong>on</strong>trol<br />
because detached fragments regener-<br />
ate easily.<br />
Agricultural c<strong>on</strong>cern: Can reduce<br />
rice yields by 55%.<br />
Inflorescence<br />
Seedl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Mature plant <strong>in</strong> the field<br />
<strong>Weed</strong>s worldwide 31
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