A handbbok on Weed Control in Rice.pdf

in deepwater and floating rice, 96
in dryland, 42
in wetland, 42
limited, 42
Latin America, 42, 83, 91, 92, 102
Leaching of herbicides, 51, 53
Leersia hexandra Sw., 2, 20, 66
Leptochloa chinensis (L.)Nees., 3, 21, 66, 87
Leptochlou spp., 2, 80
Light,
for rice growth, 3
rice-weed competition, 3
penetration, 43
Lodging,
Lowland rice weeds, 9-24, 42
Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) Raven, 15, 66
M
Machete, 55, 59, 62
Madagascar, 35
Malaysia, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 27,
29, 30, 33, 34, 37, 38, 80, 91, 101
Mali, 95
Manufacturer of herbicides, 55
Marsileaceae, 14
Marsilea crenata Presl., 14
Marsilea minuta L., 14, 66
Mauritius, 28, 31, 35, 37
MCPA, 50, 63, 66, 67, 69, 71, 72, 75, 77, 78, 80, 81,
82, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 93, 94, 96, 97
Mechanical transplanters,
Mechanical weeding, 44
Meloidogyne, 2
Metolachlor, 101
Metribuzine, 101
Mexico, 9, 25, 26, 29, 30, 34, 37
Mimics of rice, 5,44
Minimum tillage,
Molinate, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 75, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 84,
100,101
Monochoria vaginalis (Burm.f.)Presl, 2, 3, 23, 66,
73,83,85,95
Monocotyledons, 7
Myanmar, 9, 12, 19, 20, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 37, 38, 83,
95
N
Nematodes, 2
Nicaragua, 32
Niger,
Nigeria, 10, 25, 26, 27, 30, 34, 35, 37, 95
Nilapurvata lugens, 2
Nitrogen, 3, 4, 74, 76, 84, 86, 88
recommended timing of application, 43
Nontilled rice fields, 92
effect on weed flora, 1
Nozzles, 56, 57, 58, 61, 63
Nurseries, 84
Nutrient uptake, 3, 4, 43, 44
Nymphae stellata, 66
Nymphula depunctalis, 2
O
Onagraceae, 15
Organophosphorus compounds, 69
insecticides, 50
Oryza barthii A.Chev., 1, 2, 67, 95, 98, 101
Oryza glaberrima, 1, 101
Oryza longistaminata A.Chev. & Roehr., 1, 2, 41,
67,95,97,98,101
Oryza nivara Sharma & Shastry, 1, 101
Oryza officinalis Wall. ex Watt., 101
Oryza punctata Kotschy ex Steud., 101
112 Weed control handbook
Oryza rufipogon Griff., 1,101
Oryza sativa L., 1,101
Oxadiazon, 66, 67, 71, 75, 77, 78, 79, 80, 84, 85, 86,
87, 88, 89, 93, 94, 96, 97, 100
Oxisols, 92
Oxyflourfen, 49, 66, 67, 69, 75, 77, 78, 84, 85, 86, 87,
88, 89, 93, 94, 97, 100
P
Pacific Islands, 102
Pakistan, 9, 11, 24, 29, 31, 37, 73
Paraquat, 49, 50, 62, 66, 67, 68
Partition coefficient, 53
Paspalum paspalodes (Michx)Scribn., 22
Paspalum distichum L., 2, 7, 22, 41, 66, 67, 100
Pendimethalin, 66, 67, 68, 72, 73, 75, 78, 79, 80, 84,
85, 86, 88, 89, 93, 94, 97, 100, 101, 103
Perennial weeds, 1
effect of herbicide, 50
reproduction, 5
under limited tillage, 42
Persistence of herbicide, 52
Peru, 9, 13, 16, 19, 32, 39, 91
Pest,
Phenoxy acetic acids, 69,72
Philippines, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27
28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 43, 83, 85,
91,92
Phloem, 50
Phosphoms, 3, 4, 43-44, 92
Photodegradatio of herbicide, 52
Photosynthesis, 3
C 3 pathway, 3,4
C 4 pathway, 3,4
Physalis angulata, 66, 67
Phytotoxicity, 52, 68
Pictograms, 55
Piperophos, 66, 67, 69, 71, 72, 75, 78, 79, 84, 85, 86,
93, 94, 96, 97, 98
Pistia stratiotes, 95
Placement of herbicide, 49
Plant height, advantages of, 4, 42
Planting method, 42, 74, 76, 79, 86, 88, 91, 96
Plant population, 74, 76, 81, 84, 86, 91, 96
Poaceae, 16-22, 31-36
Poisoning, 63
Polycyclic alkanoic acids, 71
Pontederiaceae, 7, 23, 38
Portulacaceae, 37
Portulaca oleracea L., 37, 66, 67,91
Postemergence herbicides, 51, 65
Potamogetonaceae, 7
Potassium, 3, 4, 43, 92
Preemergence herbicides, 51, 65, 76
Preplanting herbicides, 50
Pressure chamber, 57
Pretilachlor, 49, 50, 66, 67, 73, 78, 85, 86, 88, 100
Prevention of weed introduction, 41
Propanil, 49, 51, 52, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 75, 77,
78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 93, 94, 97,
96, 99, 100
Propazine, 101
Protective clothing, 62-63
Q
Quality,
Quinclorac, 66, 67, 72, 73, 75, 78, 84, 86, 88, l00c
R
Radiation from ultraviolet, 52
Rainfed rice
N application timing,
classification, 83
distribution, 87
time of seeding, 42
yield loss due to weeds, 1
weed control in, 83-89
Rainbow trout, 67, 68, 69, 71
Rats, 68, 69, 70,71
Red rice, 2,80,101
Residual herbicide, 52
nozzle type for, 61,58
Rice
diseases, 2
drought tolerance, 4
growth requirements, 3
herbicide tolerance, 72
modern varieties, 42
mutation, 3
susceptibility to herbicide, 50, 72
similarities with weeds, 4, 5
traditional varieties, 42
wild species of, 2
Rice culture classification, 7
effect on weed flora, 1
Rice dwarf, 2
Rice grassy stunt virus, 2
Rice maja blanca, 2
Rice mimics, 5,44
Rice production cost, 1
Rice stripe, 2
Rice tungro virus, 2
Rice-weed competition, 2
critical periods, 4
factors, 3-3
in direct seeded flooded rice, 77
factors, 3-4
Rice yellow dwarf, 2
Rottboellia exaltata L.f., 36
Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.)W.D. Clayton,
3,4,36,66,67,91,103
Runoff of herbicide, 52
S
Safety,
Samoa, 28
Scirpus maritimus L., 13, 66, 67, 71, 73, 83, 87, 99
Scirpus spp., 85, 95
Seed, dispersal, 4-5
dormancy, 5
growth, 3
longevity,
production, 4-5
Seeding, methods for rice, 7
rate, 79
timing, 42
Selectivity of herbicide, 49-50, 51, 54
Senegal, 29
Sequential application, 65
Sesbania aculeata, 84, 98
Sesbania exaltata, 80
Sesbania sp., 95
Setaria glauca, 66, 67
Setaria viridis, 2
Shading, 3
effect on rice growth, 4
Sierra Leone, 10
Signal words, 55
Simetryn, 52, 70, 100
Slash and burn, 91
Soil, effect on C 3 -C 4 competition, 3
herbicide activity,
moisture, 51, 52
pH,
residual herbicide activity,