A handbbok on Weed Control in Rice.pdf

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Upland rice weed / AMARANTHACEAE (amaranth family) Weed name: Amaranthus spinosus L. Synonyms: None Local names: Country Common name Argentina atato espinado Australia needle burr Bangladesh katanata (Bengali) Brazil caruru-de-es pinho (Portuguese) Cambodia pti banla (Khmer) El Salvador huisquilite France amarante epi neuse, blette epineuse Ghana sraha nsoe (Twi) India kataili chauli (Gujrati) kantaneutia (Orya) Indonesia Mexico bajem duri (Javanese) quelite espinosa (Spanish) Myanmar tsu-gyi Nigeria tete elegun (Yoruba) Philippines USA oray, kulitis (Tagalog) spiny amaranth, spiny pigweed Zimbabwe imbowa Life cycle: An annual broad leaf with red stems and spiny leaves. Can grow as tall as 120 cm. Propagates by glossy, dark-brown seeds, which are dispersed by wind and water. Germination may occur from a few days after harvest to about 5 mo. Germinates throughout the year when moisture is available. Habitat: Grows best in soils with no standing water. Weedy nature: A prolific seed producer. Agricultural concern: Very competitive in rice, can cause 80% yield loss. 26 Weed control handbook Seedling Inflorescence Seed, magnified Mature plant
Upland rice weeds / ASTERACEAE (sunflower family) Weed name: Ageratum conyzoides L. Synonyms: None Local names: Country Common name Australia billygoat weed Brazil erva-de-sao-joao Colombia hierba de chivo France agerate a feuilles de conyza Ghana efoe momoe (Fanti) India gundhuabon, mahakaua Indonesia ban do tan Malaysia ruptahi-ayam Nigeria imiesu (Yoruba) Philippines bulak-manok (Tagalog) Sri Lanka hulantala Thailand ya-tabsua USA tropic ageratum Zambia kabalakila (Chitonga) Life cycle: An annual broadleaf that can grow as tall as 120 cm at flower- ing. Propagates by seeds. Seed germinates throughout the year. In some areas, 50% of the seeds germinate within 2 wk after shedding; in other areas, the seed has a pronounced dormancy with about 1% of the seeds germinating after some months. Habitat: Grows in dry to moist soils. Weedy nature: Among the most common weeds found in rice. Rapidly colonizes cultivated areas. Has a short life cycle and completes several cycles in a year. Produces enormous amounts of seeds, which are dispersed by wind and water. Seeds germinate in a wide range of environments. As soon as the first stand is destroyed, another flush of seedlings grows. Agricultural concern: Can achieve a dense growth and compete with rice for nutrients and moisture. Can reduce rice yields 40%. Inflorescence Seedling Seed, magnified Mature plant Weeds worldwide 27
Page 1 and 2: 1991 P.O. Box 933, 1099 Manila, Phi
Page 3 and 4: Foreword Farmers everywhere search
Page 5 and 6: Contents FOREWORD PREFACE 1 S IGNIF
Page 7 and 8: Table 1.3. Weeds as secondary hosts
Page 9 and 10: horizontal leaves. Tall plants have
Page 11 and 12: Chapter 2 Rice weeds of worldwide i
Page 13 and 14: Lowland rice weeds ASTERACEAE (Comp
Page 15 and 16: Lowland rice weeds / CYPERACEAE (se
Page 17 and 18: Lowland rice weeds / CYPERACEAE (se
Page 19 and 20: Lowland rice weeds / ONAGRACEAE (ev
Page 21 and 22: Mature plant Inflorescence Seed, ma
Page 23 and 24: Lowland rice weeds/POACEAE (grass f
Page 25 and 26: Lowland rice weeds / POACEAE (grass
Page 27 and 28: Lowland rice weeds / PONTEDERIACEAE
Page 29: Upland rice weeds AIZOACEAE (carpet
Page 33 and 34: Upland rice weeds / CYPERACEAE (sed
Page 35 and 36: Upland rice weeds / POACEAE (grass
Page 41 and 42: Upland rice weeds / PORTULACACEAE (
Page 43 and 44: Deepwater weeds / CONVOLVULACEAE (m
Page 45 and 46: Wetland tillage is common in most t
Page 47 and 48: leaf size), with the resultant shad
Page 49 and 50: Economics of control The economic b
Page 51 and 52: Chapter 4 Principles of herbicide u
Page 53 and 54: Preemergence herbicide application
Page 55 and 56: and behavior in the crop environmen
Page 57 and 58: Table 4.1. Meanings of signal words
Page 59 and 60: 4.3 Controlled-droplet applicators
Page 61 and 62: amount after spraying is 8 liters,
Page 63 and 64: The decision to spray should be mad
Page 65 and 66: farmers, however, should wear cloth
Page 67 and 68: Table 5.1. Susceptibilitles a of im
Page 69 and 70: Propanil can be used at 3-4 kg ai/h
Page 71 and 72: Thiocarbamates Thiocarbamates are a
Page 73 and 74: Quinclorac. Quinclorac is a chino-
Page 75 and 76: Planting method Transplanting into
Page 77 and 78: Direct seeded on puddled soil In di
Page 79 and 80: Table 6.2. Herbicides suitable for
Page 81 and 82:
6.4 Rice growth stages when herbici
Page 83 and 84:
Fertilizer Incorporating N and P fe
Page 85 and 86:
Nurseries Seedling nurseries should
Page 87 and 88:
Land preparation Leveling the puddl
Page 89 and 90:
Land preparation Land preparation s
Page 91 and 92:
Chapter 8 Weed control in upland ri
Page 93 and 94:
Hand weeding The weed-free period r
Page 95 and 96:
Chapter 9 Weed control in deepwater
Page 97 and 98:
Hand weeding Hand weeding is the mo
Page 99 and 100:
Chapter 10 Management of some diffi
Page 101 and 102:
Wild rices The important wild rices
Page 103 and 104:
Herbicides For effective control of
Page 105 and 106:
IRRI-International Rice Research In
Page 107 and 108:
B. Conversion table for granular fo
Page 109 and 110:
Index A Absorption of herbicide, 50
Page 111 and 112:
in deepwater and floating rice, 96
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A handbbok on Weed Control in Rice.pdf

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