Development and Globalization: - Unctad

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ANCOM Andean Community APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation ASEAN Association of South-East Asian Nations BIT bilateral investment treaty BPM Balance of Payments Manual (World Bank) BSEC Black Sea Economic Cooperation CACM Central American Common Market CARICOM Caribbean Community CDIAC Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Centre CEMAC Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (formerly UDEAC) CEPGL Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries c.i.f. cost, insurance and freight CIS Commonwealth of Independent States COMESA Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (formerly PTA) DAC Development Assistance Committee (of OECD) DRS Debtor Reporting System DTT double taxation treaty DWT deadweight tons ECCAS Economic Community of Central African States ECO Economic Cooperation Organization ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States EFTA European Free Trade Association EU European Union EU 25 European Union and countries acceding in 2004 FDI foreign direct investment f.o.b. free on board FTAA Free Trade Area of the Americas GATS General Agreement on Trade in Services GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GCC Gulf Cooperation Council GDP gross domestic product GFCF gross fixed capital formation GNI gross national income GNP gross national product HIPCs heavily indebted poor countries HS Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System ICT Information and communication technology ILO International Labour Organization 106 Abbreviations IMF International Monetary Fund ISIC International Standard Industrial Classification LAIA Latin American Integration Association LDCs least developed countries LLDCs landlocked developing countries M&A mergers and acquisitions MERCOSUR Southern Common Market MFN most favoured nation MRU Mano River Union MSG Melanesia Spearhead Group NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement n.e.s. not elsewhere specified NIE newly industrialized economies n.i.e. not included elsewhere ODA official development assistance OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OECS Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States RTA regional trade agreement SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SADC Southern African Development Community SAR Special Administrative Region SDRs special drawing rights SIDS Small Island Developing States SITC Standard International Trade Classification TFYR The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia TNC transnational corporation UEMOA West African Economic and Monetary Union UMA Arab Maghreb Union UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UN/DESA/SD United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistics Division UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNRISD United Nations Research Institute for Social Development WHO World Health Organization WTO World Trade Organization WTO World Tourism Organization
A adult illiteracy rate 12 aggregate net resource flows 24 agricultural commodities 74, 78 agriculture 20 antenatal examination 14 B bilateral investment treaties (BITs) 36 C c.i.f. 50 cocoa 76 coffee 76 commodity dependence 80 communication services 62 Compensatory Financing Facility 84 construction services 62 cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&A) 32 D deadweight tons (DWT) 66 debt service 28 digital divide 96 double taxation treaties (DTTs) 36 E e-business 98 e-commerce 98 economically active population 16 electronics 90 employment 40 Everything But Arms 80 export processing zone 16 exports and imports of services 48 F factor intensity 92 FDI flows 32 FDI inflows 32 FDI outflows 32 FDI stock 34 financial services 62 f.o.b. 50 foreign affiliate 44 foreign direct investment (FDI) 32 freight ratio 66 fuels 78 G gender parity index (GPI) 12 government consumption 20 grains 74 gross domestic investment 20 gross domestic product (GDP) 18 gross enrolment rate (GER) 12 gross fixed capital formation 20 gross national income (GNI) 30 H HIPC initiative 28 HIV/AIDS 14 I index (definition) 58 Index of ICT Diffusion 96 industrial activities 88 industry 20 insurance services 62 Integrated Programme for Commodities 84 international reserves 30 international trade in services 60 Internet users 98 intra-trade 54 investment 20 inward FDI stock 34 K Keynes's plan 84 L labour force 16 landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) 4 least developed countries (LDCs) 2 life expectancy at birth 10 Index term page term page M manufactured goods 56 manufactures 90 manufacturing value added 88 market share 74, 80 market-dynamic manufactures 92 maternal death 14 median age 10 merchandise exports 48, 50 merchandise imports 48, 50 mergers and acquisitions (M&A) 32 metals 74 minerals and metals 78 most-favoured-nation (MFN) 70 N net private capital flows 24 nominal GDP 18 North Africa 8 nuisance tariff 68 O official development assistance (ODA) 24 open-registry countries 66 outward FDI stock 34 P per capita GDP 18 Prebish-Singer thesis 82 price instability index 84 primary commodities 56 private consumption 20 purchasing power of exports 58 R real GDP 18 S sales 40 self-employment 16 services 60 skilled attendant 14 small island developing states (SIDS) 6 STABEX 84 statistical territory 48 sub-Saharan Africa 8 sugar 74 supply dynamic manufactures 92 T tariff escalation 80 tariffs 68 technology intensity 92 terms of trade 58 total assets 40 total external debt 28 total external liabilities 30 total population 10 tourism expenditures 64 tourist arrivals 64 tourists 64 trade balance 48 trade deficit 50 trade groupings 54 transnational corporations (TNCs) 40 transport services 62 travel services 62 U under-five mortality rate (U5MR) 14 unit value index 58 unweighted tariffs 68, 70 Uruguay Round 68 V value index 58 volume (quantum) index 58 W weighted tariffs 68, 70 workers' remittances 26 107
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2004 Development and Globalization:
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ii Note Development and Globalizati
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This publication was prepared by a
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vi Contents Notes ii Foreword iii A
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1 Countries, population and economi
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3 000 2 000 1 000 0 180 120 60 0 50
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33 Exports by commodity group, 2001
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160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 140 1
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2001 1990 1980 1970 12 8 4 0 600 50
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Population structure by age, 2000 [
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1970 2000 Illiteracy rate [1] Devel
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100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Ma
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60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Participation o
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Share of nominal GDP by region, 200
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80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Gross dom
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OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS Total aggregat
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26 2.1 External finance and debt OV
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OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS The total exte
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OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS Ratios of debt
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OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS Global foreign
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OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS In the past tw
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36 2.2 Foreign direct investment OV
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3 Transnational corporations and fo
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World's top 50 non-financial TNCs i
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Largest transnational corporations
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Selected indicators of internationa
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OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS In 2002 the va
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OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS An important f
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OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS Over the past
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OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS The past 30 ye
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Page 68 and 69: OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS Between 1980 a
Page 70 and 71: OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS International
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Page 76 and 77: OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS International
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Page 80 and 81: OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS The past two d
Page 83 and 84: 5 Production and international trad
Page 85 and 86: Production of selected commodities
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Page 89 and 90: 1966 2000 Share of commodity export
Page 91 and 92: 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Dist
Page 93 and 94: Commodity price indices [1] 400 300
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Page 105 and 106: 7 Information and communication tec
Page 107 and 108: Developed countries Developed count
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Page 112 and 113: AFRICA 58 North Africa 7 Algeria Eg
Page 114 and 115: CEPGL 3 (Economic Community of the
Page 118 and 119: Designed and printed by Publishing
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