Development and Globalization: - Unctad

More documents

Recommendations

Info

ii Note Development and Globalization: Facts and Figures was prepared under the auspices of the Central Statistics and Information Retrieval Branch of UNCTAD’s Division on Globalization and Development Strategies, in collaboration with all UNCTAD divisions. Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. General disclaimer The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Where the designation “country or area” appears, it covers countries, territories, cities and areas. The designations “developed” and “developing” are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. Material in this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted, but acknowledgement is requested, together with a reference to the document number. A copy of the publication containing the quotation or reprint should be sent to the UNCTAD secretariat. UNCTAD/GDS/CSIR/2004/1 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No. E.04.II.D.16 ISBN 92-1-112623-1 Copyright © United Nations, 2004 All rights reserved
Foreword This year marks the fortieth anniversary of the establishment of UNCTAD. Since the 1960s, the world has changed considerably, and so has the situation of developing countries. Indeed, a comparison of individual countries’ paths of development reveals many disparities. Some developing countries are progressing faster than others in their integration into the global economy, and economic, social and demographic indicators are not moving in the same direction everywhere. As a part of their quest for economic and social progress over the last four decades, developing countries in general have gradually adopted policies of greater openness to international trade, and as a result, their share in merchandise exports has increased from less than one fourth in 1960 to one third in the last few years. However, the picture is nuanced across regions: while East Asia and Central America have actively participated in the expansion of international trade, other regions, especially Africa, have not increased their exports as much. Today, external development financing increasingly comes in the form of foreign direct investment: the share of FDI in private capital flows to developing countries and to countries in Central and Eastern Europe rose from 30% in 1980 - 1985 to 82% in 1998 - 2002. Nevertheless, a similar picture of widely differing experiences emerges, with private capital inflows being concentrated in a small number of emerging-market economies, while least developed countries, which are the most dependent on external financing, receive FDI only in small amounts or none at all. The situation calls for development policies adapted to the specific needs of countries and regions. UNCTAD, working towards the achievement of that goal, issues publications with specific, in-depth information on subjects of particular interest to the developing world. Analyses are supported by detailed statistical documentation. Globalization and Development: Facts and Figures combines essential features of different UNCTAD flagship reports, offering key data on major trends from the 1960s to the present, in a quick-reference format, for those in search of basic information about world economic and social issues. It is my hope that this book will increase readers’ desire for a more in-depth understanding of the specific topics tackled by other UNCTAD publications. Rubens Ricupero Secretary-General of UNCTAD iii
Page 1: 2004 Development and Globalization:
Page 6 and 7: This publication was prepared by a
Page 8 and 9: vi Contents Notes ii Foreword iii A
Page 11 and 12: 1 Countries, population and economi
Page 13 and 14: 3 000 2 000 1 000 0 180 120 60 0 50
Page 15 and 16: 33 Exports by commodity group, 2001
Page 17 and 18: 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 140 1
Page 19 and 20: 2001 1990 1980 1970 12 8 4 0 600 50
Page 21 and 22: Population structure by age, 2000 [
Page 23 and 24: 1970 2000 Illiteracy rate [1] Devel
Page 25 and 26: 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Ma
Page 27 and 28: 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Participation o
Page 29 and 30: Share of nominal GDP by region, 200
Page 31: 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Gross dom
Page 34 and 35: OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS Total aggregat
Page 36 and 37: 26 2.1 External finance and debt OV
Page 38 and 39: OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS The total exte
Page 40 and 41: OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS Ratios of debt
Page 42 and 43: OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS Global foreign
Page 44 and 45: OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS In the past tw
Page 46 and 47: 36 2.2 Foreign direct investment OV
Page 49 and 50: 3 Transnational corporations and fo
Page 51 and 52: World's top 50 non-financial TNCs i
Page 53 and 54: Largest transnational corporations
Page 55:
Selected indicators of internationa
Page 58 and 59:
OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS In 2002 the va
Page 60 and 61:
OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS An important f
Page 62 and 63:
OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS Over the past
Page 64 and 65:
OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS The past 30 ye
Page 66 and 67:
OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS During the las
Page 68 and 69:
OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS Between 1980 a
Page 70 and 71:
OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS International
Page 72 and 73:
OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS The main devel
Page 74 and 75:
OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS The world’s
Page 76 and 77:
OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS International
Page 78 and 79:
OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS Tariffs of dev
Page 80 and 81:
OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS The past two d
Page 83 and 84:
5 Production and international trad
Page 85 and 86:
Production of selected commodities
Page 87 and 88:
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 120 100 8
Page 89 and 90:
1966 2000 Share of commodity export
Page 91 and 92:
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Dist
Page 93 and 94:
Commodity price indices [1] 400 300
Page 95:
50 40 30 20 10 Commodity price vola
Page 98 and 99:
OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS Global industr
Page 100 and 101:
90 6.2 International trade in manuf
Page 102 and 103:
92 6.2 International trade in manuf
Page 105 and 106:
7 Information and communication tec
Page 107 and 108:
Developed countries Developed count
Page 109:
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 4 00
Page 112 and 113:
AFRICA 58 North Africa 7 Algeria Eg
Page 114 and 115:
CEPGL 3 (Economic Community of the
Page 116 and 117:
ANCOM Andean Community APEC Asia-Pa
Page 118 and 119:
Designed and printed by Publishing
show all

Development and Globalization: - Unctad

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?