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In agreement with the Law on Natural State Protected Areas Fund adopted by the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova No. 1538 – XIII in February 25, 1998, these protected areas were reconfirmed and attributed to several categories of protected area status. Thus were established: two scientific reserves (Plaiul Fagului/The Beech Region, Codrii), one monument of nature (Harjauca – Sipoteni), two landscape reserves (Căbăieşti – Pârjolteni, Cazimir – Milesti) and four nature reserves (Cabac, Bogus, Sadova, Leordoaia - Palanca). ForesT research The beech forests were studied by several groups of researchers. During 1949 – 1951 one group of researchers from Sankt-Petersburg guided by B. Soceava investigated the spread of beech forests in Moldova. The results of this research were published in a number of articles by Soceava et Lipatova (1952). The researchers from the Agriculture University of Chisinau under the guidance of G. Tishkevici investigated the biological, ecological and physiological properties, systematic position, natural regeneration and productivity of beech during the period 19 0 – 1980. These results were published in the monograph “Okhrana i vosstanovleniye bukovikh lesov” [Conservation and reconstruction of beech forests] (Tishkevici 1984) and in a number of articles. Other research activities regarding different aspects of the beech tree and beech forests were performed within the Botanical Garden (Institute) from the Academy of Sciences of Moldova. During 1966 – 1969, T. Gheideman investigated the plant associations, microclimatic conditions, hydric regime of beech trees and other components of beech forests. The results of these investigations were published in the monograph “Bukovaya dubrava Moldavskoi S. S. R. [Beech forests of Moldova S. S. R.] (Gheideman 1969). Later, during 199 – 2000, a group of researchers under the guidance of Professor Gh. Postolache, performed important research studies on the identification of beech genetic resources (Fagus sylvatica) within the collaborative project with Bulgaria, Moldova and Romania “Genetic resources of broadleaved forest tree species in southeastern Europe” initiated by IPGRI (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute). The selection of beech forest genetic resources was performed by means of a methodical selection of forest areas which included exploration, sampling and classification. Based on this research the monograph of “Genetic resources of Fagus spp. in southeastern Europe” was prepared and published by Turok et al. (2000). Postolache (2004) in his work ”State of Forest and Tree Genetic Resources in the Republic of Moldova” presented information regarding the forest genetic resources of beech. Postolache and Chirtoaca (2005) investigated beech forests in the scientific reserve “Plaiul Fagului”/The Beech Region that was attributed to the association Carpino-Fagetum sylvaticae Pauca 1941. They show the floristic and phytocenological composition of beech forest communities. 198
eFereNces Andreev V. N. 195 . Derevya i kustarniki Moldavii. [Trees and shrubs in Moldova.] Moskva, 1: 12 -166. Blada I. 1998. Conservation of forest genetic resources in Romania with special reference to Noble Hardwoods, Noble Hardwoods Network. IPGRI: 6-16. Borza A. 193 . Cercetări fitosociologice asupra pădurilor Basarabiei. [Phytosociological studies of Basarabia forests.] Cluj, 85 p. Enescu V., Cherecheş D., Bândiu C. 199 . Conservarea biodiversităţii şi a resurselor genetice forestiere. [Conservation of biodiversity and forest genetic resources.] S. A. Andris. Bucureşti, Redacţia revistelor agricole: 450 p. Galupa D., Talmaci I., Spitoc L., Rotaru P., Rusu A., Boaghie D. 2006. Development of community forests and pastures from the Republic of Moldova. Chişinău. Gheideman T. S. 1969. Bukovaya dubrava v Moldavii. [Beech forests in Moldova S. S. R.] Chişinău, 131 p. Gheideman T. S. 1986. Opredeliteli vashih rastenii Moldavskoi SSR. [Determinant of higher plants Moldova SSR.] Chisinau. Stiinta: 636 p. Gheideman T. S., Ostapenko B. F., Nikolaeva L. P., Ulanovski M. C., Dmitrieva N. V. 1964. Tipi lesa i lesnye associacii Moldavskoi S. S. R. [Forest types and associations in Moldova S. S. R.] Chişinău, Cartea Moldovenească: 266 p. Istrati A. I. 19 5. Izmenchivosti listiev buka v Moldavii. [Leaves diversity of beech in Moldova.] Buletinul Academiei de Ştiinţe a R. S. S. Moldoveneşti, 6: 3-11. Istrati A. I. 1980. Izmenchivosti generativnikh organov buka moldavskoi populatsii. [Diversity of beech reproductive organs in Moldova forest populations.] C hişinău, Ştiinţa, Floristicheskie i geobotanicheskie issledovania v Moldavii: p. 3-10. Koski V. 199 . In situ conservation of genetic resources. Technical guidelines for genetic conservation of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Roma, IPGRI: 5. Mergen F. 1959. Recherches sur l’ amelioration des arbes forestiers. Unasylva, 13/2: 81-88. Pacioski J. K. 1914. Ocherk rastitelinosti Bessarabii. [Study on vegetation in Basarabia.] Chişinău. 50 p. Postolache D. 2004. State of Forest and Tree Genetic Resources in the Republic of Moldova. Rome, Italy, FAO: 51 p. Postolache D. 2006. Conservarea in situ şi ex situ a resurselor genetice forestiere de stejar (Quercus robur) şi gorun (Quercus petraea) din Republica Moldova. [In situ and ex situ conservation of forest genetic resources of pedunculate oak and sessile oak from the Republic of Moldova.] Summary of PhD thesis in biological sciences. Chişinău, 24 p. Postolache G. 1995. Vegetaţia Republicii Moldova. [Vegetation in the Republic of Moldova.] Chişinău, 340 p. 199
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Sonderheft 350 Special Issue COST A
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Landbauforschung vTI Agriculture an
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COST Action E52 Genetic resources o
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Ernő Führer - Csaba Mátyás - Gy
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Genetic resources of beech in Europ
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The sTaTus oF euroPeaN beech (Fagus
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• Beech (Fagus), 19 ,093 ha; with
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Fig. 3: Mixed forest of European be
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TreaTmeNT oF beech In forest with a
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Tab. 2: E. beech Nature Reserve Int
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Tab. 4: Percentage of defoliation a
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“Qaf Shtame” national park, in
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Qiriazi P., Sala S., 2006. Nature M
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Armenia is characterized by a mount
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Fig. 3: Leaves of oriental beech (h
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The Georgian oak forests prefer the
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Fig. 5: Map of oriental beech distr
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PesTs, dIseases aNd abIoTIc ImPacTs
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Khanjyan N. 2004. Specially protect
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was reported by Polaczek (1954) who
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Fig. 2: Selected target trees in a
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Tab. 2: Compilation of different as
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Schadauer K., Büchsenmeister R., S
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Fig. 1: Provenances regions in Belg
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Fig. 3: Regenerated stand by clumps
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eFereNces 1 http://environnement.wa
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Fig. 1: Distribution of European be
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activities already during medieval
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established aimed at seed productio
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Fig. 4: Sub-Mediterranean type of d
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CURRENT STATE OF EUROPEAN BEECH (FA
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Fig. 2: Map of natural range of Fag
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The health status of beech forests
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Under the auspices of the Internati
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Velinova K., Naydenova T., Dakov A.
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the Adriatic coast, while in the co
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Fig. 1: Provenace regions and seed
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Fig. 2: International beech provena
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Official Gazette NN 140/05, 2005: Z
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European beech is distributed almos
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According to the Report about fores
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The most important ex situ conserva
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eFereNces Čermák K., Hofman J., K
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Zpráva o stavu lesa a lesního hos
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ForesT maNaGemeNT European beech in
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euroPeaN beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)
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GeNeTIc resources maNaGemeNT IN Fra
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Fig. 2: Beech provenance region lim
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eFereNces Anonymous 2008. Cours des
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of Georgia up to 00 - 800 m a.s.l.
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5,0% 5,0% 6,9% 6,9% 0,6% 0 0,6% 4,7
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Georgia 52 associations (forest typ
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- Matured and over-aged groups acco
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Fig. 5. Scheme of structure at heig
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curreNT GeNeTIc coNservaTIoN acTIvI
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• Elaborating and implementation
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curreNT sTaTe oF euroPeaN beech (Fa
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other forest species or grassland.
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Fig. 1: The 26 regions of provenanc
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the earnings for the forest owner f
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Küster H. 1998. Geschichte des Wal
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have had human assistance in this c
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elow 300 m a. s. l. The species has
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Tab. 2: Age class distribution of t
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with the intention that stands woul
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Tab. 3: European-level beech woodla
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Sourcing of forest reproductive mat
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Recently the four British Regions o
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defoliation, and in severe cases, s
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Herbert R., Samuel S., Patterson G.
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curreNT sTaTus oF GeNeTIc resources
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Fagetalia (Fagetum) Abietion cephal
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Regions of provenances: The whole c
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Page 165 and 166: Mátyás V. 1969. Influence des con
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Page 169 and 170: Photo 1: Stand of beech in Kilbora
Page 171 and 172: In 1995 and again in 1998 Ireland p
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Page 179 and 180: A very peculiarly feature of this b
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Page 183 and 184: Natural distribution of Fagus sylva
Page 185 and 186: de Vries S. M. G. 1998a. Activities
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Page 195 and 196: Fig. 2: The protected area of “Ca
Page 197 and 198: Monotropa hypopitis. Most of these
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Page 203 and 204: curreNT sTaTe oF euroPeaN beech (Fa
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Page 207 and 208: centre of Poland. The highest value
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Page 213 and 214: and/or Eastern beech. For most char
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Page 219 and 220: eFereNces Becker M. 1981. Taxonomie
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Page 231 and 232: euroPeaN beech GeNe PooL PreservaTI
Page 233 and 234: eech domINaTed ForesT soIL ecosysTe
Page 235 and 236: Culiberg M. 1994. Dezertifikacija i
Page 237 and 238: Šercelj A. 1996. Začetki in razvo
Page 239 and 240: 1 2 Region of provenance Altitude (
Page 241 and 242: sILvIcuLTure aNd ForesT maNaGemeNT
Page 243 and 244: Ibáñez J. I. 1989. El haya (Fagus
Page 245 and 246: GeNeraL INFormaTIoN abouT beech IN
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ecoLoGy aNd dIsTrIbuTIoN oF beech I
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Fig. 2: Map of the Swiss provenance
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eech uNder chaNGING eNvIroNmeNTaL F
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e52/wuehlisch.pdf Zimmermann N. E.,
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egions reach down to the Murat Moun
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characTerIsTIcs aNd ForesT maNaGeme
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Wide distribution of oriental beech
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zones and marginal populations and
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euroPeaN beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)
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On the eastern limit, beech occurs
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of felling area only, whereas the r
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sylvatica L. на північно-
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Reviewers Directory Prof. alexander
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dr. eduardo Notivol C.I.T.A. - Gove
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334 Hans-Dieter Haenel (Hrsg.) (201
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