COST Action E 52 - vTI - Bund.de

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conservation methods other methods have also commenced, such as the conservation of material at very low temperature; in vitro conservation; pollen conservation; ADN-s conservation. For many species a gene bank is created near state seed stores or state nursery. With scientific forest institutions support (Forest and Pasture Research Institute) and Management forest institutions (ex DGFP), such organisations are defining the main forest species in Albania Forest Seeds Stands. These forest seeds stands are generally defined in natural forest areas and sometimes in special cases in afforestation. In determination of forest seed stands or seeds reserves an acceptable scientific criteria is adhered to such as: adequate size of forest stands, distance from other forest stands. Other tree quality parameters are also taken into account such as – high, diameter, form and quality of individual trunks. Other considerations include a general estimate of forest stand quality and individual tree quality; for example adequate fructification, effect of increasing age, crown form, resistance against diseases and insects, capability to different climate and site conditions, quality of wood production, capability of natural regeneration, high germination potential, seed collection possibility and proximity to seed treatment facility, whether mixed with other forest species and if mixed with some other forest kind with possibility of pollination between them. Other items considered are, number of trees per unit surface area etc. More care is manifested in identification of “plus” trees, where individual trees chosen are firstly demonstrating phenotypic superiority. Tree with “plus” status can to be superior in one or more characteristics, but will ideally be superior in all characteristics, or at least most of them. Reproductive criteria that will also be considered include such items as: age of flowering, production quantity of flowers and seeds, flowering periodicity. In relation to wood quality such issues will be considered as basic density, fibres dimensions or resinous oil quality – their quantity, terpens and resin, the last for conifers wood. For the chosen forest stands and for “plus” tree, other factors which will be taken into consideration will include such characteristics as: resistance against diseases and insect attack, against aridity, animals and other natural and human impacts. For seeds reserves some others management activity has been made such as; removal of inferior and poor quality trees, undertake thinning which is a very important operation and creates spatial area necessary for flowering and seeds collection; cleaning of ground area for facilitation of prediction control and seed collection; limitation of forest stands for elimination contamination of pollination, as well as and other services such as: paring, fertilize, using of fungicide or insecticide; all these supplementary measures are considered for increasing and conserving production. In relation with E. beech in Albania, Nature reserve integrate (NRI) are defined in some districts of the country and in total there are approximately 2 units with a surface area exceeding 2,313 ha. These units categorised according to the IUCN criteria are given in Table 2 and are presented according to district (Tab. 3) and their location in Albania can be seen in the map below (Fig. ). 18
Tab. 2: E. beech Nature Reserve Integrate units (NRI) in Albania according to IUCN category Nr. Species Surface (ha) Nr. Surface according to IUCN category (ha) I II III IV V VI VII 1 European beech 2,313 27 424 1,889 Tab. 3: European beech Nature Reserve Integrate (NRI) in Albania Nr. District Forest Surface (ha) Parcel Altitude (m a.s.l.) Age (years) I Berat Tomorr (National Park) 30 9a 870-1,050 110 II Bulqize Liqeni i Zi 57 4a-22b 1,300-1,725 80-120 III Devoll Perparimaj 81 85, 86, 87, 88 1,300-1,650 70-110 IV Diber Lure (National Park) Zhuri i Pllahut 300 34 1-32 32a 850-1,750 100-180 V Has Tej Drinini Bardhe 80 140, 141 1,110-1,340 110-115 VI Kolonje Orgocke 50 60, 69 1,500 160 Qarrishte 124 96-112 1,150-1,750 90-180 Rrajce 77 64a, 65a 1,600-1,650 120-155 VII Librazhd Dardhe-Xhyre 112 28a, 29b 1,350-1,450 80-135 Lepush 25 69ab, 70a 1,150-1,670 180-190 Stravaj 42 20, 21a 1,210-1,543 200 VIII Mat Qaf Shtame-Kete Isuf Emin Plloci 86 20 24, 34-35 23, 24 900-1,700 1,400-1,600 125-170 90-160 Lugina e Vermoshit 74 53a, 53b 1,250-1,700 170 IX M.Madhe Fusher Zeze 20 39b 1,500-1,650 160-170 Thethi (National Park) 50 4 1,518 150 X Pogradec Bishnice Guri i Nikes 43 72 17a 8, 9 1,604-1,854 1,050-1,220 190 100-110 XI Puke Iballe 48 35, 36a 745 80 XII Shkoder Cukal 500 1-20 1,350-1,735 135-180 XIII Tirane Dajt (National Park) Bize 74 47 36, 37 95, 96, 97, 98 1,400 1,277-1,490 130 140-170 Curraj i Eperm 40 97a 900-1,160 130 XIV Tropoje Nikaj Mertur Lumi i Gashit 75 30 10, 11a 89b 800-1,400 1,600 105 130 Çerem – Dragobi 122 87, 88, 89 1,350-1,950 90-120 TOTAL 2,313 19
Page 1 and 2: Sonderheft 350 Special Issue COST A
Page 3 and 4: Landbauforschung vTI Agriculture an
Page 5: COST Action E52 Genetic resources o
Page 8 and 9: Ernő Führer - Csaba Mátyás - Gy
Page 10 and 11: Genetic resources of beech in Europ
Page 13 and 14: The sTaTus oF euroPeaN beech (Fagus
Page 15 and 16: • Beech (Fagus), 19 ,093 ha; with
Page 17 and 18: Fig. 3: Mixed forest of European be
Page 19: TreaTmeNT oF beech In forest with a
Page 23 and 24: Tab. 4: Percentage of defoliation a
Page 25 and 26: “Qaf Shtame” national park, in
Page 27 and 28: Qiriazi P., Sala S., 2006. Nature M
Page 29 and 30: Armenia is characterized by a mount
Page 31 and 32: Fig. 3: Leaves of oriental beech (h
Page 33 and 34: The Georgian oak forests prefer the
Page 35 and 36: Fig. 5: Map of oriental beech distr
Page 37 and 38: PesTs, dIseases aNd abIoTIc ImPacTs
Page 39 and 40: Khanjyan N. 2004. Specially protect
Page 41 and 42: was reported by Polaczek (1954) who
Page 43 and 44: Fig. 2: Selected target trees in a
Page 45 and 46: Tab. 2: Compilation of different as
Page 47 and 48: Schadauer K., Büchsenmeister R., S
Page 49 and 50: Fig. 1: Provenances regions in Belg
Page 51 and 52: Fig. 3: Regenerated stand by clumps
Page 53 and 54: eFereNces 1 http://environnement.wa
Page 55 and 56: Fig. 1: Distribution of European be
Page 57 and 58: activities already during medieval
Page 59 and 60: established aimed at seed productio
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Page 63 and 64: CURRENT STATE OF EUROPEAN BEECH (FA
Page 65 and 66: Fig. 2: Map of natural range of Fag
Page 67 and 68: The health status of beech forests
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Velinova K., Naydenova T., Dakov A.
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the Adriatic coast, while in the co
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Fig. 1: Provenace regions and seed
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Fig. 2: International beech provena
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Official Gazette NN 140/05, 2005: Z
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European beech is distributed almos
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According to the Report about fores
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The most important ex situ conserva
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eFereNces Čermák K., Hofman J., K
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Zpráva o stavu lesa a lesního hos
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ForesT maNaGemeNT European beech in
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euroPeaN beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)
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GeNeTIc resources maNaGemeNT IN Fra
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Fig. 2: Beech provenance region lim
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eFereNces Anonymous 2008. Cours des
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of Georgia up to 00 - 800 m a.s.l.
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5,0% 5,0% 6,9% 6,9% 0,6% 0 0,6% 4,7
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Georgia 52 associations (forest typ
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- Matured and over-aged groups acco
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Fig. 5. Scheme of structure at heig
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curreNT GeNeTIc coNservaTIoN acTIvI
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• Elaborating and implementation
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curreNT sTaTe oF euroPeaN beech (Fa
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other forest species or grassland.
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Fig. 1: The 26 regions of provenanc
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the earnings for the forest owner f
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Küster H. 1998. Geschichte des Wal
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have had human assistance in this c
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elow 300 m a. s. l. The species has
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Tab. 2: Age class distribution of t
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with the intention that stands woul
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Tab. 3: European-level beech woodla
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Sourcing of forest reproductive mat
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Recently the four British Regions o
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defoliation, and in severe cases, s
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Herbert R., Samuel S., Patterson G.
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curreNT sTaTus oF GeNeTIc resources
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Fagetalia (Fagetum) Abietion cephal
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Regions of provenances: The whole c
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sILvIcuLTure, reGeNeraTIoN, ForesT
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decidua), oaks (Quercus spp.) or no
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Spanos K. A., Trakolis D., Spanos I
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elevation where beech occurs is ext
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Fig. 2: Climatic envelope of beech
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eGIsTered sources oF reProducTIve m
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maIN beech dIseases aNd PesTs Europ
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In the field of forest genetic rese
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Mátyás V. 1969. Influence des con
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A recent inventory of all forest la
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Photo 1: Stand of beech in Kilbora
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In 1995 and again in 1998 Ireland p
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GeNeTIc resources oF beech IN ITaLy
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Provenance studies revealed differe
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GeNeTIc resources aNd reProducTIve
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A very peculiarly feature of this b
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absTracT curreNT sTaTe oF euroPeaN
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Natural distribution of Fagus sylva
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de Vries S. M. G. 1998a. Activities
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Fig. 1: Natural distribution of Eur
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a long enough period for regenerati
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Gömöry D., Paule L., Schvadchak M
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GeNeTIc resources oF beech (Fagus s
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Fig. 2: The protected area of “Ca
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Monotropa hypopitis. Most of these
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coNservaTIoN aNd raTIoNaL uTILIZaTI
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eFereNces Andreev V. N. 195 . Derev
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curreNT sTaTe oF euroPeaN beech (Fa
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Dumitreşti, Dobra, Voineşti, Bâr
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centre of Poland. The highest value
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Chira D., Dănescu F., Geambaşu N.
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*** 2008. Legea nr. 46/2008: Codul
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and/or Eastern beech. For most char
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dIsTrIbuTIoN, ForesT commuNITIes aN
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(Willd. ex Fr.) Karst., Fomitopsis
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eFereNces Becker M. 1981. Taxonomie
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Society of Geneticists of Serbia an
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Because of its high share in the tr
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purposes is allowed to be procured
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absTracT curreNT sTaTe oF euroPeaN
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the Sub-Mediterranean and in the hi
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euroPeaN beech GeNe PooL PreservaTI
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eech domINaTed ForesT soIL ecosysTe
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Culiberg M. 1994. Dezertifikacija i
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Šercelj A. 1996. Začetki in razvo
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1 2 Region of provenance Altitude (
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sILvIcuLTure aNd ForesT maNaGemeNT
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Ibáñez J. I. 1989. El haya (Fagus
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GeNeraL INFormaTIoN abouT beech IN
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Cheaper and better ways to regenera
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climate on forests and implications
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ecoLoGy aNd dIsTrIbuTIoN oF beech I
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Fig. 2: Map of the Swiss provenance
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eech uNder chaNGING eNvIroNmeNTaL F
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e52/wuehlisch.pdf Zimmermann N. E.,
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egions reach down to the Murat Moun
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characTerIsTIcs aNd ForesT maNaGeme
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Wide distribution of oriental beech
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zones and marginal populations and
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euroPeaN beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)
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On the eastern limit, beech occurs
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of felling area only, whereas the r
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sylvatica L. на північно-
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Reviewers Directory Prof. alexander
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dr. eduardo Notivol C.I.T.A. - Gove
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334 Hans-Dieter Haenel (Hrsg.) (201
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