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ecoLoGy There are two main ecological types where beech forest is found: Atlantic and continental. Those are also subdivided according to the pH of soil. Soil and plant associations of the different ecological types are presented in Table 1 (SIBW 2008) 9 . Tab. 1: Characteristics of ecological type associated with beech forest in Wallonia Ecological type Atlantic: 50 Trophic feature Texture feature – acidophilic oligotrophic sandy to silty-gravel – neutrophilic mesoeutrophic Continental: – acidophilic oligotrophic silty gravel, sandy loam, silty sand – neutrophilic mesoeutrophic Canopy layer Shrub layer Herb layer beech, sessile oak, pedunculate oak, silver birch, rowan brown leached beech, sessile oak, pedunculate oak, ash, maples loam, silty sand and pebbly sandstone beech, sessile oak, sycamore, hornbeam beech, sessile oak, ash, maples In the Atlantic type, the neutral soils are more frequent than in continental. ForesT research hornbeam, sycamore, hazel, holly, alder, buckthorn hornbeam, hazel, field maple, elder beech, hornbeam, hazel hornbeam, hazel, red elder, guelder rose, hawthorn Germanders Bilberry Ferns Anemones Yellow deadnettle hyacinths Lesser celandine Nettle Haircap moss Wood-rush Bilberry Bracken fern Hair grass Woodruff Yellow deadnettle Wood anemone In the Walloon Region, the main interest in forest research is to observe phenology and phenotypic plasticity of the main broadleaved species (and notably beech), in order to assess consequences of potential climatic changes, as faced nowadays. This assessment will be achieved firstly by a state of the art of adaptation of current forest tree population, realized under greenhouse conditions. Secondly, evaluation of phenology will be conducted under different regional situations, considering soil temperature at root level. As for the Flemish Region, on the one hand, research concerning beech focuses on the problems with natural regeneration and measures for its enhancement. On the other hand, new and more accurate tariff tables have been constructed.
eFereNces 1 http://environnement.wallonie.be/dnf/inventaire 2 http://www.inbo.be/docupload/2015.pdf 3 http://environnement.wallonie.be/orvert/regions_de_provenance.html 4 http://environnement.wallonie.be/cgi/dgrne/plateforme_dgrne/visiteur/frames_affichage_divers.cfm?origine=1 565&idFile=1565&thislangue=FR&pere=303&doc=afrnat_1.htm&theme=Nature%20et%20for%C3%Aats 5 HUART O., RONDEUX J. 2001. Genèse, évolution et multiples facettes d’une maladie inhabituelle affectant le hêtre en région wallonne. Forêt Wallonne, 52: 8-19. 6 HUART O., DE PROFT M., GRÉGOIRE J.-C., PIEL F., GAUBICHER B., CARLIER F.-X., MARAÎTE H., RONDEUX J. 2003. Le point sur la maladie du hêtre en Wallonie. Forêt Wallonne, 64: 2-20. 7 http://environnement.wallonie.be/eew/files/rapport2006/publication/RES_FOR_03.pdf#page=1 8 http://www.bioversityinternational.org/networks/euforgen/Networks/viewreport.asp?recordcount=27&highlightt ext=Fagus%20sylvatica&pktxtMeetingAcronym=TO01&pktxtCountryCty=BEL 9 http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/cgi/waleunisform.pl?CODEEUNIS=G&LISTING=Liste&NIVEAU=7 contacts: Ir. Patrick Mertens, Ir. Bart De Cuyper Département de l’Etude du Milieu Naturel et Agricole, Direction du Milieu Forestier Avenue Maréchal Juin, 23, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgique/Belgium e-mail: patrick.mertens@spw.wallonie.be, bart.decuyper@inbo.be Reviewed 51
Page 1 and 2: Sonderheft 350 Special Issue COST A
Page 3 and 4: Landbauforschung vTI Agriculture an
Page 5: COST Action E52 Genetic resources o
Page 8 and 9: Ernő Führer - Csaba Mátyás - Gy
Page 10 and 11: Genetic resources of beech in Europ
Page 13 and 14: The sTaTus oF euroPeaN beech (Fagus
Page 15 and 16: • Beech (Fagus), 19 ,093 ha; with
Page 17 and 18: Fig. 3: Mixed forest of European be
Page 19 and 20: TreaTmeNT oF beech In forest with a
Page 21 and 22: Tab. 2: E. beech Nature Reserve Int
Page 23 and 24: Tab. 4: Percentage of defoliation a
Page 25 and 26: “Qaf Shtame” national park, in
Page 27 and 28: Qiriazi P., Sala S., 2006. Nature M
Page 29 and 30: Armenia is characterized by a mount
Page 31 and 32: Fig. 3: Leaves of oriental beech (h
Page 33 and 34: The Georgian oak forests prefer the
Page 35 and 36: Fig. 5: Map of oriental beech distr
Page 37 and 38: PesTs, dIseases aNd abIoTIc ImPacTs
Page 39 and 40: Khanjyan N. 2004. Specially protect
Page 41 and 42: was reported by Polaczek (1954) who
Page 43 and 44: Fig. 2: Selected target trees in a
Page 45 and 46: Tab. 2: Compilation of different as
Page 47 and 48: Schadauer K., Büchsenmeister R., S
Page 49 and 50: Fig. 1: Provenances regions in Belg
Page 51: Fig. 3: Regenerated stand by clumps
Page 55 and 56: Fig. 1: Distribution of European be
Page 57 and 58: activities already during medieval
Page 59 and 60: established aimed at seed productio
Page 61 and 62: Fig. 4: Sub-Mediterranean type of d
Page 63 and 64: CURRENT STATE OF EUROPEAN BEECH (FA
Page 65 and 66: Fig. 2: Map of natural range of Fag
Page 67 and 68: The health status of beech forests
Page 69 and 70: Under the auspices of the Internati
Page 71 and 72: Velinova K., Naydenova T., Dakov A.
Page 73 and 74: the Adriatic coast, while in the co
Page 75 and 76: Fig. 1: Provenace regions and seed
Page 77 and 78: Fig. 2: International beech provena
Page 79 and 80: Official Gazette NN 140/05, 2005: Z
Page 81 and 82: European beech is distributed almos
Page 83 and 84: According to the Report about fores
Page 85 and 86: The most important ex situ conserva
Page 87 and 88: eFereNces Čermák K., Hofman J., K
Page 89 and 90: Zpráva o stavu lesa a lesního hos
Page 91 and 92: ForesT maNaGemeNT European beech in
Page 93 and 94: euroPeaN beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)
Page 95 and 96: GeNeTIc resources maNaGemeNT IN Fra
Page 97 and 98: Fig. 2: Beech provenance region lim
Page 99 and 100: eFereNces Anonymous 2008. Cours des
Page 101 and 102: of Georgia up to 00 - 800 m a.s.l.
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5,0% 5,0% 6,9% 6,9% 0,6% 0 0,6% 4,7
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Georgia 52 associations (forest typ
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- Matured and over-aged groups acco
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Fig. 5. Scheme of structure at heig
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curreNT GeNeTIc coNservaTIoN acTIvI
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• Elaborating and implementation
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curreNT sTaTe oF euroPeaN beech (Fa
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other forest species or grassland.
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Fig. 1: The 26 regions of provenanc
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the earnings for the forest owner f
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Küster H. 1998. Geschichte des Wal
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have had human assistance in this c
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elow 300 m a. s. l. The species has
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Tab. 2: Age class distribution of t
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with the intention that stands woul
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Tab. 3: European-level beech woodla
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Sourcing of forest reproductive mat
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Recently the four British Regions o
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defoliation, and in severe cases, s
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Herbert R., Samuel S., Patterson G.
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curreNT sTaTus oF GeNeTIc resources
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Fagetalia (Fagetum) Abietion cephal
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Regions of provenances: The whole c
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sILvIcuLTure, reGeNeraTIoN, ForesT
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decidua), oaks (Quercus spp.) or no
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Spanos K. A., Trakolis D., Spanos I
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elevation where beech occurs is ext
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Fig. 2: Climatic envelope of beech
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eGIsTered sources oF reProducTIve m
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maIN beech dIseases aNd PesTs Europ
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In the field of forest genetic rese
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Mátyás V. 1969. Influence des con
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A recent inventory of all forest la
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Photo 1: Stand of beech in Kilbora
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In 1995 and again in 1998 Ireland p
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GeNeTIc resources oF beech IN ITaLy
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Provenance studies revealed differe
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GeNeTIc resources aNd reProducTIve
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A very peculiarly feature of this b
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absTracT curreNT sTaTe oF euroPeaN
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Natural distribution of Fagus sylva
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de Vries S. M. G. 1998a. Activities
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Fig. 1: Natural distribution of Eur
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a long enough period for regenerati
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Gömöry D., Paule L., Schvadchak M
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GeNeTIc resources oF beech (Fagus s
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Fig. 2: The protected area of “Ca
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Monotropa hypopitis. Most of these
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coNservaTIoN aNd raTIoNaL uTILIZaTI
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eFereNces Andreev V. N. 195 . Derev
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curreNT sTaTe oF euroPeaN beech (Fa
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Dumitreşti, Dobra, Voineşti, Bâr
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centre of Poland. The highest value
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Chira D., Dănescu F., Geambaşu N.
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*** 2008. Legea nr. 46/2008: Codul
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and/or Eastern beech. For most char
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dIsTrIbuTIoN, ForesT commuNITIes aN
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(Willd. ex Fr.) Karst., Fomitopsis
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eFereNces Becker M. 1981. Taxonomie
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Society of Geneticists of Serbia an
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Because of its high share in the tr
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purposes is allowed to be procured
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absTracT curreNT sTaTe oF euroPeaN
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the Sub-Mediterranean and in the hi
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euroPeaN beech GeNe PooL PreservaTI
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eech domINaTed ForesT soIL ecosysTe
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Culiberg M. 1994. Dezertifikacija i
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Šercelj A. 1996. Začetki in razvo
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1 2 Region of provenance Altitude (
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sILvIcuLTure aNd ForesT maNaGemeNT
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Ibáñez J. I. 1989. El haya (Fagus
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GeNeraL INFormaTIoN abouT beech IN
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Cheaper and better ways to regenera
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climate on forests and implications
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ecoLoGy aNd dIsTrIbuTIoN oF beech I
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Fig. 2: Map of the Swiss provenance
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eech uNder chaNGING eNvIroNmeNTaL F
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e52/wuehlisch.pdf Zimmermann N. E.,
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egions reach down to the Murat Moun
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characTerIsTIcs aNd ForesT maNaGeme
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Wide distribution of oriental beech
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zones and marginal populations and
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euroPeaN beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)
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On the eastern limit, beech occurs
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of felling area only, whereas the r
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sylvatica L. на північно-
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Reviewers Directory Prof. alexander
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dr. eduardo Notivol C.I.T.A. - Gove
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334 Hans-Dieter Haenel (Hrsg.) (201
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