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122 MEDIA KIT Hazards East Timor is at risk to a number of natural hazards. Each year, heavy seasonal rain falling on steep slopes causes frequent fl ash fl ooding and landslides, which are considered to be the two major natural hazards in the country. Apart from their potential to cause casualties and damage Mid Population (July) Annual Growth Rate Urban Population Pop. below poverty line GDP/capita (PPP USD) GDP by sector: agriculture industry services Land Use: arable land permanent crops others timor léste 1,040,880 02.09% 07.70% 62.00% 400 USD 25.40% 17.20% 57.40% 04.71% 00.67% 94.62% Climate Topical, Hot, Humid with peak (Oct to Dec) Monsoon rains (Dec to Mar) 2005 est 2003 1975-2003 2004 est 2001 2001 2001 2005 est 2001 2001 2001 Source: UNDP, Global Health Facts Organization, World Fact Book 2005 to rural communities, these events cause major disruption to the fragile road network, isolating communities and even whole districts for a long duration. In Lautem, fl ash fl oods with highly erosive rains and food insecurity caused by long unpredictable dry seasons are its two main natural hazards. From November to April, the country is at risk from tropical cyclones and lesser tropical storms, which can cause coastal fl ooding and wave damage. In the dry season, drought conditions exist in large parts of East Timor. A delay in the onset of seasonal rains can become disastrous as fi res can get quickly out of control. This year, the monsoon season started late due to the effects of El Niño which caused severe drought in parts of the country. This had an impact on food production. Food aid had to be provided to selected villages. Geological hazards also threaten East Timor. Areas to the north of the island have experienced earthquakes of up to 6.9 on the Richter scale within the last 10 years. These can cause local tsunamis. A four meter high tsunami, caused by a major earthquake, struck the north coast of Timor in 1995. In addition, other hazards exist, including pollution (particularly marine pollution); major transport accidents; epidemics; urban fi res; agricultural
chapter 4. country hazard and vulnerability profi les hazards, including pest and disease attacks on crops and outbreaks of exotic animal diseases. These risks are likely to increase as the nation develops unless necessary precautions are made and regulations put in place. The following is a list of all the hazards present in Timor-Léste: Natural • Landslides • Flash fl ooding • Tropical storms Man Made • Marine accidents • Rural fi res • Drought • Earthquakes • Marine fl ooding • Epidemics • Road accidents • Civil strife The hazard of human epidemics may be more of a cause of concern. If diseases such as malaria, ARI, or diarrhea are not even controlled during non-disaster situations, we can expect these to rise rapidly during disaster events to levels that are more diffi cult to control. Vulnerability Community based approaches to disaster risk analysis; risk reduction and risk management are much needed in Timor-Léste as a high percentage of the population is at risk. In many locations, hazards are common, community vulnerabilities are high, and local capacities are low. Timor Léste experiences regular natural disasters and in the past has suffered from violent confl ict. Climatic variability has a major infl uence on the vulnerability of individuals and communities, especially in relation to food security. Timor-Léste is periodically and signifi cantly affected by the El Niño Southern Oscillation weather pattern. Each year, localized fl ooding, landslides, destructive winds, pests and disease increase hardship and suffering in many rural communities. Over 90% of households are known to experience a “hungry season” annually with food shortages extending from 3 to 5 months in the period from November to March. Vulnerability has continued to remain high in many areas since the postballot violence of late 1999 when so many families were displaced and their assets lost. In addition to natural disasters, there remain threats from civil strife and confl ict. Current assessments are that risks relating 123
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MEDIA KIT COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER
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MEDIA KIT COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER
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preface 20 years of commitment to s
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i Preface iii Contents viii Acknowl
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contents 38 Community-based FLOOD P
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contents 133 CASE STUDY 2. Coping w
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introduction introduction Every now
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introduction of the Hyogo Framework
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KEY CONCEPTS ON DISASTER AND MEDIA
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chapter 1. introduction to disaster
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Aim of the CBDRM Approach chapter 1
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chapter 2. media and disaster risk
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Introduction Early Warning and Prep
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chapter 3. useful information for t
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Flood Dangers chapter 3. useful inf
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Flood Survival Tips chapter 3. usef
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After the fl ood chapter 3. useful
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Other Fire Hazards in the Home chap
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chapter 6. resources INGOs / NGOs T
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Oxfam Solidarity (Belgium) Mr. Bong
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United Nations Development Programm
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Ministry of Natural Resources and t
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Oxfam GB Steve Price-Thomas, Countr
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The Typhoon Committee chapter 6. re
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Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
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chapter 6. resources Landslides - N
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