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84 MEDIA KIT What are the Different Periods When Drought can Occur? Drought can occur due to lack of rainfall in the following three periods: Early season drought. The early season drought occurs in association with delay in commencement of sowing rains. Mid-season drought. Occurs in association with breaks in the monsoon. If it occurs during the vegetative phase of crop growth, it results in reduced or slow plant growth. Late season or terminal drought. Occurs because of early cessation of the rain season. Causes of Drought There are several causes for the occurrence of drought. Some of the main causes are: • Failure or erratic behavior of monsoon • Overexploitation of surface and ground water • Inadequate water conservation measures • Depletion in forest cover • Slopy and undulating terrains • Shifting of agricultural practices (low to moderate water demand crops to high crops) • Meager irrigation facilities • Poor water management practices at household and farm level Impacts of Drought Drought has a multifaceted impact that includes physical, bio-physical, social, and economic consequences. Physical • Scarcity of water for drinking, domestic and irrigation purposes • Depletion in ground water level • Reduced fl ow from perennial water sources • Land degradation
chapter 3. useful information for the media Bio-physical • Increase in deforestation/forest cover removal • Scarcity of fodder • Damage to crop quality • Livestock death or incapacitation • Unusual movements of fl ocks and herds in search of pasture • Impaired productivity of forest lands • Direct loss of tree, especially young ones • Extinction of endangered species and loss of bio-diversity • Drying up of water sources and deterioration in water quality • Damage to fi sh habitat • Decline in crop production or negative impacts on agriculture economy Economic • Loss from dairy/fi shery/other livestock production • Loss of livelihoods/employment opportunities • Increased prices of food/fodder • Falling of current agricultural and non-agricultural wages Social • Migration of people in search of alternative livelihood • Loss of human life (heat stress, suicides, starvation, deaths, unhygienic conditions in the working areas) • Distress sale of assets (movable and non-movable) • Increased inequity among social groups • Increased confl icts - water user’s confl icts, political confl icts and other social confl icts • Negative impacts on nutritional status • Increased mental and physical stress (e.g. anxiety, depression, loss of security, domestic violence, etc.) and morbidity • Increase in crime rate • Social cost of migration, e.g. break-up of communities and families • Inability of certain groups within the population to afford increased food prices results in switch to cheaper and sometimes less preferred foods or reduction in overall food intake, etc. • Loss of education due to reduction in school attendance by children lacking energy and/or money for fees, and increase in child labor 85
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MEDIA KIT COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER
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MEDIA KIT COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER
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preface 20 years of commitment to s
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i Preface iii Contents viii Acknowl
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contents 38 Community-based FLOOD P
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contents 133 CASE STUDY 2. Coping w
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introduction introduction Every now
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introduction of the Hyogo Framework
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KEY CONCEPTS ON DISASTER AND MEDIA
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chapter 1. introduction to disaster
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Aim of the CBDRM Approach chapter 1
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chapter 2. media and disaster risk
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Lao PDR CASE STUDY 1 chapter 5. cou
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CASE STUDY 2 chapter 5. country CBD
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chapter 6. resources Other Ministri
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Dan Church Aid Mr. Alan D. Jensen c
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BAKORNAS PBP Dr. Indrawadi Tamin Vi
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Catholic Relief Services Jl. Wijaya
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chapter 6. resources INGOs / NGOs T
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Oxfam Solidarity (Belgium) Mr. Bong
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United Nations Development Programm
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Ministry of Natural Resources and t
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Oxfam GB Steve Price-Thomas, Countr
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Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
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chapter 6. resources Landslides - N
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