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A. Hermanne, R. Adam-Rebeles Cyclotron Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium F. Tarkanyi, S. Takacs, J. Csikai Institute of Nuclear research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H4026 Debrecen, Hungary M.P. Takacs Institute of Physics, Debrecen University, H4026 Debrecen, Hungary A. Ignatyuk Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk, Russian Federation In the frame of our systematic investigation of excitation functions of light charged particle induced nuclear threshold reactions we recently studied deuteron reactions (up to 50 MeV incident energy) on rare earth targets. In nine stacked foil experiments, using the external 50 MeV deuteron beam of the CGR-960 cyclotron of the UCL (Louvain la Neuve, Belgium), the activation products of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu were investigated. The production of radioisotopes with half-life longer than a couple of hours was assessed non-destructively (no chemical separation) by repeated high resolution gamma-spectrometry. Cross sections were calculated based on the general activation formula and with the irradiation data, target characteristics and measured activities as input parameters. All results are relative to recommended cross section values for monitor reactions on Al or Ti. Results for more than 100 residual activation products are obtained, including some medically or technically relevant radionuclides as 177Lu, 169Yb, 167Tm, 166Ho, 153Sm, 139Ce, 152,154Eu. Examples will be discussed and comparisons with the scarce literature data will be made. Most of the reactions are studied for the first time, especially in the higher energy domain. The experimental results are also compared with cross sections values predicted in blind calculation by theoretical codes. Apart from the on-line library TENDL-2011, based on the 1.4 version of the TALYS codes family, also the results obtained with the updated versions ALICE-D and EMPIRE-D (adapted for deuteron induced reactions) are presented. Although calculations can describe rather well now (d,xn) reactions, pathways where charged particles or clusters are emitted still show large discrepancies. This research is supported by FWO-Vlaanderen and the Hungarian Academy of Science. PB 4 4:40 PM Carbon Fragmentation Measurements and Validation of the Geant4 Nuclear Reaction Models for Hadrontherapy M. De Napoli, INFN-Sezione di Catania, 64, Via S. Sofia, I-95123 Catania, Italy. C. Agodi, A. A. Blancato, G.A.P. Cirrone, G. Cuttone, D. Nicolosi, F. Romano, D. Sardina, V. Scuderi, S. Tropea, INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, 64, Via S. Sofia, I-95123 Catania, Italy. G. Battistoni, INFN-Sezione di Milano, 16, Via Celoria I-20133 Milano, Italy. F. Giacoppo, Laboratory for High Energy Physics, Siderstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. M.C. Morone, INFN - Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Italy. L. Pandola, INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, SS 17 bis km 18+910, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy. V. Patera, A. Sarti, A. Sciubba, Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l’Ingegneria, La Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy. G. Raciti, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Catania, 64, Via S. Sofia, I-95123 Catania, Italy.. E. Rapisarda, Nuclear and Radiation Physics Section, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200d - box 24183001 Heverlee, Belgium. C. Sfienti, Institut für Kernphysik Johannes Gutenberg, Universität Mainz Johann, Joachim-Becher Weg 45. D-55099 Mainz, Germany. The use of heavy-ion beams in hadrontherapy is motivated by the highly localized dose distribution they provide at the end of the radiation range, i.e. the Bragg peak, and by the enhanced relative biological effectiveness with respect to photon or proton irradiation [1]. Thanks to these advantages, carbon beams 224
are currently used in some hadrontherapy facilities around the world. However, as carbon nuclei penetrate the human tissues, they may undergo inelastic nuclear reactions leading to the production of secondary fragments. Such fragments generate a spatial dose distribution, inside and outside the tumor region, different from that of the primary beam and their different linear energy transfer results in a different biological effectiveness for the same delivered dose. All these effects arising from the carbon fragmentation have to be correctly evaluated when planning a tumor treatment. In treatment planning systems the only way to overcome the shortcomings of analytical calculations is the use of reliable Monte Carlo codes. However, the physical models used in the Monte Carlo codes need to be tuned and validated by experimental fragmentation data. Since a limited set of experimental fragmentation cross sections is available and in particular, to our knowledge, no double differential fragmentation cross sections at intermediate energies are present in literature, a systematic of high quality double differential cross section measurements is mandatory. In order to provide an extensive set of fragmentation data to benchmark the Monte Carlo codes for their use in hadrontherapy, we have studied the fragmentation of a 12 C beam at 62 AMeV on a thin Carbon target at the INFN - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS) in Catania. The double differential cross sections and the angular distributions of the secondary fragments have been measured over a wide angular range at intermediate energy. The availability of double differential fragmentation cross sections at intermediate energy is of particular interest in order to accurately predict the fluences of the secondary fragments and their angular distributions within the human tissues. Indeed, although therapeutic carbon beams have energies of the order of hundreds MeV/u, the carbon ions lose their energy passing through the patient’s body so that the inelastic nuclear reactions may occur at energies much lower than the incident ones. Our measurements offer, therefore, a unique opportunity to test the performances of the nuclear reaction models implemented in the Monte Carlo codes for their use in hadrontherapy. In this contribution, together with the experimental results, we will also discuss the comparison between the measured fragmentation cross sections and the Geant4 [2] Monte Carlo predictions. In particular, two Geant4 nuclear reaction models, the Binary Light Ions Cascade and the Quantum Molecular Dynamic, have been compared and validated. Our results represent the first comparison of the Geant4 nuclear reaction models performed so far by using experimental data obtained with a thin target at intermediate energies. This work was supported by the Ion Beam Applications (IBA) company and by the European Space Agency (ESA) - tender AO6041. [1] U. Amaldi and G. Kraft, Rep. Prog. Phys. 68 (2005), 18611882. [2] Geant4 Collaboration, S. Agostinelli et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. 506 (2003) 250-303. PB 5 5:00 PM Measurement of Isomeric Yield Ratio for nat Sm(γ,xn) 143m,g Sm Reaction with Bremsstrahlung Energies Sung-Chul Yang Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea & Nuclear Data Center, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea Kwang Soo Kim, Kyung-Sook Kim, Manwoo Lee, Guinyun Kim Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea Hyeong Il Kim, Young-Ouk Lee Nuclear Data Center, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea Eunae Kim Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea 225
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ND2013 2013 International Nuclear D
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Session BF Evaluated Nuclear Data L
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Session DD Nuclear Structure and De
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Hale, G. n+ 12 C Cross Sections fro
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Domula, A. New Nuclear Structure an
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Session KC Evaluated Nuclear Data L
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MacCormick, M. Survey and Evaluatio
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ments. Ivanova, T. Uncertainty Asse
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Arnold, C. Precision Velocity Measu
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19 Abridged Agenda Sunday March 4,
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21 Tuesday March 5, 2013 Time Met E
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23 Thursday March 7, 2013 Time Met
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Book of Abstracts Session AA ND2013
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multi-foil Parallel Plate Avalanche
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A Regional Coupled-channel Dispersi
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show the versatility of the code in
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[h] Table 1: Comparison of all the
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step was to determine which detecto
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In an effort to maintain the qualit
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Advances in Reactor Physics Linking
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sponsored the work presented in thi
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A revolutionary nuclear data system
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done in Ref. [1]. We demonstrate th
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CD 4 2:40 PM Development of a Syste
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with a central cavity where small s
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C. Arnold, E. Bond, T. Bredeweg, M.
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DA 3 4:20 PM Characterization and P
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detectors at the newly constructed
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Lead and lead-based alloys are - am
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of the setup. One option explored i
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DC 2 4:00 PM Improved Capture Gamma
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DC 5 5:00 PM Thermal Neutron Cross
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M.R. Gilbert, L.W. Packer, S. Lille
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Correlations Between Nuclear Charge
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Community’s 7th Framework Program
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we achieve very good separation of
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analysis of neutron leakage spectru
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a lower nuclear temperature than th
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Tungsten occurs naturally in five i
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for the combined use of integral ex
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in XUNDL and bibliographic informat
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former case, more realistic covaria
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WInfried Zwermann, Kiril Velkov, An
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LA-UR-12-23712 The ENDF/B-VII.1 [1,
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comparison of results C/E of fissio
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Session GA Evaluated Nuclear Data L
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Session GC accelerator applications
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Session GD Antineutrinos Tuesday Ma
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M. Fallot, S. Cormon, M.Estienne, V
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for extraction of very rare isotope
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and neutron multiplicity, informati
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as Monte Carlo simulations, and inc
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on its surface. The amplification t
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direction was recently used at n TO
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were chemically separated and the 2
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Strontium-82 Production at ARRONAX
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A. Guertin, C. Duchemin, F. Haddad,
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expected via an (n,γ) reaction. Pr
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Shinsuke Nakayama, Shouhei Araki, Y
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specific feature of the procedure e
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good timing characteristics.Example
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Materials and Measurements, Retiese
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derive reliable covariances from ta
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Concerns about the limits of worldw
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Accurate and reliable nuclear data
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Facility (HRIBF) at Oak Ridge Natio
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CALIFA, a Calorimeter for the R3B/F
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a modified Lorentzian model (MLO) o
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enchmark for existing atomic mass p
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A significant breakthrough in our t
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and the neutron and proton emission
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horizontal plane, the measured posi
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The high precision of recent measur
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Session JF Neutron Cross Section Me
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Alamos National Laboratory, Los Ala
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During more than four decades since
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KC 2 2:00 PM R-matrix Analysis for
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new covariance contributions to the
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importance in nuclear technology, a
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source SINQ (Swiss Spallation Neutr
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KF 2 2:00 PM MANTRA: An Integral Re
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J. P. Lestone, E. F. Shores Los Ala
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LA 5 5:00 PM Measurements relevant
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elow the neutron separation energy
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The A = 130 Solar-System r-process
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espectively, and identified approxi
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The knowledge of neutron-induced re
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thus for the second time after the
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the global children health and cons
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Lawrence Livermore National Laborat
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The Russian Nuclear Data Library fo
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OECD Nuclear Energy Agency consider
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For experimental determination of t
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The European Activation SYstem has
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Neutron capture measurements of dys
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[1] H. Penttilä, P. Karvonen, T. E
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Measurement of Activation Cross Sec
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PR 66 Processing and Validation of
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law of the temperature ratio (RT =
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PR 74 Resonance Analysis of the 233
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Study of Various Potentials in Heav
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experimental data and for the produ
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fuel cycle impose tight requirement
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they do not satisfy (for example, b
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Differential Cross Sections for the
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extends the previous evaluation and
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various benchmark tests. The mainly
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PR 104 Evaluations for n+ 54,56,57,
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PR 109 Recent LAQGSM Developments a
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PR 113 Modelling of Spallation Sour
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Jagiellonian University, Reymonta 4
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PR 120 Coupled-Channel Models of Di
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PR 124 Nuclear Data Evaluation and
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physicist. - There is no perfect se
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Manturov, M.N. Nikolaev, A.M. Tsibo
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Vasiliev, W. Wieselquist and H. Fer
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Author Index 1, Vojtěch Rypar, PR
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HF 5, KD 4, LA 3, LA 6, LA 7, LA 8,
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Dunn, M. E., BF 4, RC 3 Dupont, Emm
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Gulliford, Jim, CE 1 Gunsing, Frank
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Kahl, David, HD 7 Kahler, A. C., CA
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Lehaut, G., PD 6 Leinweber, Greg, L
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Munkhsaikhan, J., HC 7 Mura, Luis F
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Prael, Richard E., PE 5 Praena, Jav
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Sheets, S., CF 2 Shen, Qingbiao, PC
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Typel, S., JA 3 Tyutyunnikov, S., L
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