Program - Brookhaven National Laboratory

Deuteron breakup reactions have recently caught considerable attention in association with not only the
development of neutron sources, such as those used in the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility
(IFMIF) and Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS), but also the study of projectile breakup of exotic and halo
nuclei. Although neutron production from inclusive (d,xn) reaction is essentially important in the design
of neutron sources, inclusive (d,xp) reactions are also helpful to understand the mechanism of deuteron
breakup reactions and have an advantage that the experimental data are more available than (d,xn)
data. Deuteron induced reactions on many nuclei are studied by using the modified Glauber model with
trajectory modifications on Coulomb and nuclear interactions. The total deuteron and proton reaction
cross sections are calculated down to the threshold energy and compared with experimental data and
optical model calculations. Then, the modified Glauber model is incorporated into a model calculation for
analyses of nucleon production from deuteron breakup reactions, in which the elastic breakup process and
the inelastic breakup process are described by the continuum discretized coupled-channels method and the
Glauber model, respectively. In addition to these two direct processes, the evaporation and pre-equilibrium
processes are described by the Hauser-Feshbach theory and the Exiton model. Target mass number and
incident energy dependences on deuteron breakup reactions are investigated systematically through the
present analyses.
PR 90
Extraction Behavior of Polonium-210 from HCl and HNO3 Solution Using Tributyl
Phosphate
Ali Younes, Marcel Mokili, Julie Champion, Gilles Montavon, SUBATECH laboratory (UMR 6457),
IN2P3-CNRS/EMN, Nantes/Universite des Nantes, Nantes 44307, France. Cyrille Alliot, CRCNA,
INSERM U892, Nantes 44007, France.
A new route for the production of purified Po-210 (Polonium) was accomplished by irradiating Bi-209
(Bismuth) foil for two hours by a 38 MeV alpha external beam delivered by the ARRONAX cyclotron in
Nantes with an average beam current of 0.1 µA. The separation of the radiotracer of Po-210 (2.10−13 mol)
from the macroscopic quantity of Bi-209 (3.10−2 mol) were performed by extraction of Po-210 to an organic
phase (10% TBP in para-Xylene) from a 7M HCl solution and back-extracted to a 9M HNO3 phase after
studying different parameters (TBP dilution degree, solvent , acid nature). The current investigation aimed
in explaining the mechanism of extraction and back-extraction of Po-210 from hydrochloric and nitric acid
respectively. In the present study, we determine the distribution ratios in solvent extraction (in tributyl
phosphate-hydrochloric acid and tributyl phosphate-nitric acid systems) and the distribution coefficients
in ion exchange (anionic resin AG1 X8 and cationic resin AG50 X8) at different acidic range. From these
results, we discussed the polonium - chloride / nitrate complexation and the chemical species extracted
and back-extracted at different acid concentration, and determined the best experimental conditions for
polonium extraction. Based on our results and by comparing with previous data, we confirm the formation
of a strong neutral polonium chloride complexes (HaPoCl4+a; a=0, 2) that can be extracted in tributyl
phosphate, and a complete non-extraction of bismuth nuclides which have a high tendency to form anionic
complexes (BiCl −2
5 , or [Bi(H2O)Cl5] 2− , and BiCl6 3− ) that have high affinity toward aqueous phase. For
back-extraction, our results allow us to confirm the presence of weak polonium-nitrate complexes; upon
using a high concentration of nitric acid, a degradation mechanism of TBP occurred, thus releasing Po-210
into the 9M HNO3 phase from the previously extracted organic phase.
PR 91
309