Proceedings, Oxford, UK (2002) - World Federation of Music Therapy

he identifies as 1) “super immunity” and 2)“physiological homeostasis,”
defined as “the dynamic balance of the internal environment” (p.274). He
considers the three psychological aspects of wellness to be:
1) “self-actualization” from Goldstein;
2) “happiness” as developed by Fordyce, and;
3)“behavioral competence,” based on Bandura's theory of “self-
efficacy,” or the psychological factor underlying successful performance
in the world. The “simultaneous achievement” of all five of these factors
constitutes what he calls the “holistic definition of wellness” (p.285).
"Holistic wellness,” then, may be considered a term that encompasses
physiological and psychological fitness, health and well-being.
Music Therapy for Wellness
In 1999, The American Music Therapy Association recognized the
category of Wellness in the Standards of Clinical Practice, defining it as
“the specialized use of music to enhance the quality of life, maximize
well-being and potential, and increase self-awareness in individuals
seeking music therapy services” (Dileo, ed.,1999 p.144). Combining
music therapy with a “holistic wellness” approach that addresses body,
mind and spirit without focusing on illness, it becomes possible to begin
to develop a model of “music for wellness.” However, questions are
raised. If there is, indeed, no illness to address, how are goals and
objectives utilized? How does a music therapist working with wellness
actually assess, plan, treat and evaluate a session? How does one work
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