Aerial Archaeology in Ireland - The Heritage Council

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Figures 43 a-c: Air photography was one of several techniques used to explore the archaeology of Strangford Lough, Co. Down (Reproduced with the permission of the Environment and Heritage Service Northern Ireland, Crown copyright) a: Vertical aerial photograph of the foreshore at Greyabbey Bay at low water showing ‘V-shaped’ stone fish traps (centre of picture) and crescentshaped stone fish traps (bottom, right and left) b: Ballyurnanellan stone fish trap near the middle of Greyabbey Bay c: Greyabbey stone fish trap, Greyabbey Bay 81
82 Whole Landscape Approaches Perhaps partly because of the relatively high survival of upstanding monuments in a predominantly pastoral landscape, Irish archaeology can be seen as being strongly rooted in the tradition of investigating visible field monuments defined within wellestablished types or classes. This remains a strong theme within landscape approaches to Irish archaeology, although much more effective use of aerial techniques has been developed and used in recent years. As outlined above, aerial archaeology provides a different perspective that in some ways challenges the traditional approach as reflected, for example, in the publication of County Inventories. There is increasing recognition (e.g. Johnson 1999) that traditional site-based approaches cannot adequately capture the full richness of the historic environment, especially when settlement patterns and field or street patterns and other historic landscape features are taken into account (Figure 44); and this can apply both to townscape patterns (Swan 1983, 1985) and the rural landscape (Herity 1987, 1988; Barrett 1992, 1995a, 1997b, 1997/8, 1999; Kelleher 1995; Jones 1998; Cooney et al. 2000). Figures 44 a-b: Archaeological monuments in their landscape context ) a: A ringfort at Ballybaun townland, in the Burren, Co. Clare, is surrounded by a field system with which it seems to be integrated (CUCAP 16 July 1971)
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A I R A N D E A R T H A E R I A L A
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© An Chomhairle Oidhreachta / The
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3.9 Integration with other Types of
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Figure 14: The Discovery Programme
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Figure 39: This vertical photograph
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10 Foreword One of the initiatives
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12 Acknowledgements It would not ha
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14 Key Priorities for Aerial Archae
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16 • A practical handbook in arch
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18 • A series of pilot studies co
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20 5. Any new strategy for reconnai
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22 As a means of discovering archae
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24 Drawing on the work of O.G.S. Cr
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26 2 PRINCIPAL SOURCES OF AIR PHOTO
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28 National Museum of Ireland While
Page 31 and 32: 30 Other material held by the GSI i
Page 33 and 34: 32 Figure 9: An infrared vertical i
Page 35 and 36: 34 The aims and objectives of these
Page 37 and 38: 36 2.5 Private Collections Dr Daphn
Page 39 and 40: 38 2.6 Commercial Collections Two w
Page 41 and 42: 40 Figure 18: Google Earth satellit
Page 43 and 44: 42 3.2 Aerial Platforms The equipme
Page 45 and 46: 44 Figures 20 a-b: The use of ballo
Page 47 and 48: 46 Figure 23: The true form of the
Page 49 and 50: 48 Figure 25: The cumulative impact
Page 51 and 52: 50 3.4 Conventional Photography: Di
Page 53 and 54: 52 Vertical versus Oblique Photogra
Page 55 and 56: 54 Metrical Survey As Doody observe
Page 57 and 58: 56 shoreline and topography (ground
Page 59 and 60: 58 The fieldwork showed that the ge
Page 61 and 62: 60 Sonar Bathymetry Although there
Page 63 and 64: 62 Both Kelleher (1995) and Redfern
Page 65 and 66: 64 Interpreting Chronology and Sequ
Page 67 and 68: 66 While the Archaeological Survey
Page 69 and 70: 68 County No. Ringforts No. identif
Page 71 and 72: 70 Figure 36: Newly identified crop
Page 73 and 74: 72 Figures 38 a-b: Contrasts in urb
Page 75 and 76: 74 Roles and potential for historic
Page 77 and 78: 76 4.2 Roles in Supporting Archaeol
Page 79 and 80: 78 Figures 41 a-b: Gillian Barrett
Page 81: 80 The Archaeology of Lakes, Coast
Page 85 and 86: 84 Figure 45: Drumlin landscape nea
Page 87 and 88: 86 Roads The National Roads Authori
Page 89 and 90: 88 Pipelines The general principles
Page 91 and 92: 90 General Development Where there
Page 93 and 94: 92 ‘…numerous sites in pasture
Page 95 and 96: 94 • • Earthen monuments are co
Page 97 and 98: 96 Designed Landscapes and Conserva
Page 99 and 100: 98 showing the clear benefits of in
Page 101 and 102: 100 Figure 55: Aerial photograph of
Page 103 and 104: 102 5 QUALITY, RESOURCES AND ORGANI
Page 105 and 106: 104 Estimates of costs per site or
Page 107 and 108: 106 ago in England, may have meant
Page 109 and 110: 108 6 TEACHING AND TRAINING 6.1 Cov
Page 111 and 112: 110 6.2 Other Provisions for Traini
Page 113 and 114: 112 Benson, D and Miles, D 1974. Th
Page 115 and 116: 114 Doody, M G, 1995. ‘Ballyhoura
Page 117 and 118: 116 Twohig and M. Ronayne (eds) Pas
Page 119 and 120: 118 Raftery, J, 1951. Prehistoric I
Page 121 and 122: 120 Colin Shell Cambridge Universit
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