Vietnam Primate Conservation Status Review 2002 - Hoang Lien ...

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1 4 2 5 6 3 1. Delacour's langur; subad. male. T. Nadler 2. Francois' langur; ad. male. T. Nadler 3. Cat Ba langur; juv. female, about one and a half year old. T. Nadler 4. Grey langur; juv. female, one and a half year old. T. Nadler 5. Francois' langur; ad. female. T. Nadler 6. Indochinese Silvered langur; ad. female. T. Nadler
3. Langurs 3.0 An introduction to the langurs (genus: Trachypithecus) 3.0.1 Taxonomy The genus Trachypithecus Reichenbach, 1862 includes 15 to 17 species of leaf-monkeys of approximately the same size. Similarities in morphology have prompted some taxonomists (Brandon-Jones, 1984, 1995; Corbet & Hill, 1992), to sink Trachypithecus into the genus Semnopithecus Desmarest, 1822, citing evidence of hybridisation between S. entellus and T. obscurus and the apparent hybridisation in the wild of S. entellus with T. johnii. The taxonomic relationship between these genera and another genus of middle-sized langurs, Presbytis Eschscholtz, 1821 of Indonesio-malayan origin, has also been the subject of dispute over time. A number of authors (Napier & Napier, 1967; Dao Van Tien, 1970; Lekagul & McNeely, 1988, to name a few) used Presbytis as the senior synonym for Trachypithecus and Semnopithecus. However, this genus is restricted by Weitzel & Groves (1985), and Groves (2001) based on cranial and dental evidence, locomotor morphology and behaviour (different brachial index), foraging adaptation and neonatal coat coloration. In addition, there are enough morphological, behavioural, and molecular genetic differences to consider Trachypithecus as a full genus (Hill, 1934; Pocock, 1934, 1939; Weitzel & Groves, 1985; Eudey, 1987; Weitzel et al., 1988; Groves, 1989, 2001; Roos et al., 2001). Groves (2001) placed the species of the genus Trachypithecus in five groups: cristatus group, obscurus group, francoisi group, vetulus group and pileatus group, whereas recent genetic studies show that the last two groups are more closely related to the genus Semnopithecus (see 2.3). Species of three of these groups (cristatus, obscurus, francoisi) occur in Vietnam. 3.0.2 Morphology, ecology and behaviour The predominant colouration of the species belonging to Trachypithecus in Vietnam is grey, dark brown or black. Most species have various white or yellowish markings on the head (“moustache”, crest) shoulders or limbs. All Vietnamese species have a pointed crest on top of the head distinct in the francoisi-group. The frontal whorl is poorly or not developed, and brow fringe is developed. The canine/sectorial complex is strongly sexually dimorphic (Groves, 2001). The infant pelage colouration of Trachypithecus in Vietnam is a flamboyant orange (in some south Asian forms infants are grey or brown). Bright infant colouration is a common colobine feature. Trachypithecus is mainly folivorous. Leaves are reported to comprise about 60% (Stanford, 1988 for phayrei; Bennett & Davies, 1994 for Trachypithecus) to 80% (Brotoisworo & Dirgayusa, 1991 for cristatus) of the diet. The remainder of the diet are shoots, fruits, flowers, and bark. It appears that the species belonging to the francoisi-group share a preference for forest on limestone (karst) hills. This adaptation has been documented several times (e.g. Osgood, 1932; Tan, 1985; Dao Van Tien, 1989; Weitzel, 1992; Ratajszczak et al., 1990, 1992; Weitzel & Thanh, 1992; Nadler, 1996b; Nadler & Ha Thang Long, 2000). 3 LANGURS 27
Page 1: Tilo Nadler - Frank Momberg - Nguye
Page 4 and 5: THE DESIGNATION OF GEOGRAPHICAL ENT
Page 6 and 7: iv 3.4 Delacour’s langur (Trachyp
Page 8 and 9: vi Acknowledgement Fauna & Flora In
Page 10 and 11: viii Abbreviations Key to abbreviat
Page 12 and 13: Red-shanked douc langurs; group of
Page 14 and 15: Vietnam Primate Conservation Status
Page 18 and 19: 3 2 1 4 1. Indochinese Silvered lan
Page 27: 3. Langurs
Page 31 and 32: The basic social organisation for t
Page 33 and 34: 3.1 Francois’ langur
Page 35 and 36: 3.1 Francois’ langur Trachypithec
Page 37 and 38: DISTRIBUTION OF FRANCOIS' LANGUR (T
Page 39 and 40: 3.1 FRANCOIS’ LANGUR - Trachypith
Page 41 and 42: 3.1 FRANCOIS’ LANGUR - Trachypith
Page 43 and 44: Discussed records Quang Ninh Provin
Page 45: 3.1 FRANCOIS’ LANGUR - Trachypith
Page 48 and 49: 2 3 6 1 4 5 1. Hatinh langur; ad. m
Page 58 and 59: 1 2 3 4 1. Cat Ba langur; ad. femal
Page 71 and 72: 3.4. Delacour’s langur
Page 73 and 74: 3.4 Delacour’s langur Trachypithe
Page 75 and 76: 3.4 DELACOUR’S LANGUR - Trachypit
Page 77 and 78: 3.4.4 Delacour’s langur records 3
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3.4 DELACOUR’S LANGUR - Trachypit
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Locations where Delacour’s langur
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3.4.5 Status 3.4 DELACOUR’S LANGU
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3.4.6 Recommendations for conservat
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3.5. Grey langur
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3.5 Grey langur Trachypithecus crep
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Distribution in China 3.5 GREY LANG
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3.5 GREY LANGUR - Trachypithecus cr
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3.5 GREY LANGUR - Trachypithecus cr
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Vu Quang National Park (HA TINH) Sp
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Ha Tay Province 20 O 34’-21 O 17
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3.6. Indochinese Silvered langur
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3.6 Indochinese Silvered langur Tra
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3.6 INDOCHINESE SILVERED LANGUR - T
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4.0. Douc langurs
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4. Douc langurs 4.0 An introduction
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4 DOUC LANGURS Groups are character
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4.1.2 Black-shanked douc langur Pyg
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4 DOUC LANGURS DISTRIBUTION OF RED-
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4 DOUC LANGURS DISTRIBUTION OF BLAC
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4 DOUC LANGURS One infant skull (IE
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4 DOUC LANGURS Bach Ma National Par
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4 DOUC LANGURS My Town and Ro Villa
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4 DOUC LANGURS very poor secondary
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A Yun Pa Nature Reserve (GIA LAI) S
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Krong No District (DAK LAK) Special
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4 DOUC LANGURS The Ra Glai minority
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Dinh Quan District (DONG NAI) Speci
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4 DOUC LANGURS Obviously there are
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4 DOUC LANGURS ✱ The establishmen
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2 3 1 1. Tonkin snub-nosed monkey;
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Vietnam Primate Conservation Status
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DISTRIBUTION OF TONKIN SNUB-NOSED M
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5 2 3 1 4 6 1. Hunters with living
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7.0. Conservation Policy
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7. Conservation policy 7.1 Hunting
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The aims of an ex-situ programme sh
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7 CONSERVATION POLICY Table 7.4-1 R
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8. References 8 REFERENCES Adler, H
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8 REFERENCES Boonratana, R., and Le
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8 REFERENCES Dao Van Tien. 1970. Su
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8 REFERENCES Fooden, J. 1976a. Prov
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8 REFERENCES Hill, W. C. O. 1934. A
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8 REFERENCES Le Khac Quyet and Trin
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8 REFERENCES Lippold, L. K. 1995a.
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Monestrol, H. (ed.). 1952. Chasses
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8 REFERENCES Ngo Van Tri. 1999b. Th
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8 REFERENCES Pham Nhat, Nguyen Xuan
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8 REFERENCES Simonetta, A. 1957. Ca
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8 REFERENCES Vermeulen, J. and Whit
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Appendix 1 Leaf monkey species in t
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Appendix 2 Selected areas of high v
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8 APPENDIX: 2 the surrounding area
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8 APPENDIX: 2 Forests in the southe
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Ke Go Nature Reserve (HA TINH) Spec
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8 APPENDIX: 2 was decreed with a to
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8 APPENDIX: 2 Elevation: reaching 1
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8 APPENDIX: 2 regeneration of everg
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Appendix 3 IUCN RED LIST CATEGORIES
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EXTINCT (EX) A taxon is Extinct whe
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B Extent of occurrence estimated to
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D Population estimated to number le
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The Primate Conservation Status Rev
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