Vietnam Primate Conservation Status Review 2002 - Hoang Lien ...

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Vietnam Primate Conservation Status Review Part 2: LEAF MONKEYS 84 Table 3.4.5-1 Number of groups and individuals of Delacour’s langurs in the sub-populations No. Locality Groups Animals 1. Cuc Phuong National Park 4-5 20-25 2. Yen Mo limestone mountain range 2 10 3. Bim Son mountain 4-5 14-18 4. Hoa Lu - Tam Coc - Bich Dong 3 14 5. Van Long Nature Reserve (mountain chain) 4 35-40 6. Van Long Nature Reserve (Hang Tranh mountain) 1 7 7. Van Long Nature Reserve (Gia Vien limestone area) 1 4-5 8. Lac Thuy - Kim Bang area 1-2 20 9. Huong Son mountain 6 27 10. Roc mountain 1 2 11. Phu Vinh mountainous area 2 15 12. Mai Chau mountainous area 3 15 13. Pu Luong Nature Reserve (North-East part) 5-7 30-35 14. Pu Luong Nature Reserve (South-West part) 2 10 15. Ngoc Son mountainous area 2 9-11 16. Northern Ba Thuoc mountainous area 1 5 17. Thiet Ong mountain 1 11 18. Nui Boi Yao mountainous area 4 17-27 19. Thach Thanh District 1 5 Total 49-53 270-302 Table 3.4.5-2 Classification and numbers of sub-populations on Delacour’s langurs Number of indivuals in one sub-population 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 number of sub-populations 8 6 3 2 number of individuals in the sub-populations 52-55 89-93 64-79 65-75 percent of individuals of the total population 20 30 25 25 in the sub-populations Table 3.4.5-3 Hunted Delacour’s langurs Year 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 hunted individuals 50 36 38 44 46 49 12 13 14 14 The global conservation status of the Delacour’s langur in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (Hilton-Taylor, 2000) is “Critically Endangered” CR A1d, C2a. The species is also considered as “Critically Endangered” in Vietnam (Pham Nhat et al., 1998). With the results of the surveys the species should be listed in the category “Critically Endangered” with the criteria CR A1acd, A2cd, C2a.
3.4.6 Recommendations for conservation in Vietnam 3.4 DELACOUR’S LANGUR - Trachypithecus delacouri With the Delacour’s langur being a species endemic to Vietnam the responsibility for the conservation and preservation of this species rests upon Vietnam’s government as a national task. The status of the species in the wild and the alarming levels of hunting pressure show that the species is on the brink of extinction. Effective on-the-ground conservation measures are an immediate necessity. 3.4.6.1 Improvement of protection and law enforcement One obstacle to improving the protection of this species is the fragmented distribution. Most of the areas where sub-populations of Delacour’s langurs occur are surrounded by areas with dense human population. Only six areas have a protection (or proposed protection) status and are under the direct control of the forest administration. The controls in and around protected areas must be intensified. Access to protected areas is very often regularly controlled only in the most frequented parts. But animals and hunters are normally found in the most remote areas. The control of firearms and the trade in animals and animal parts, also stuffed animals, must be strictly enforced. Wildlife restaurants and middle-man traders for wildlife are still common around protected areas. The urgent necessity for the protection of all sub-populations - especially outside protected areas - exceeds the capacity of the forest protection departments and forest ranger stations at present. An improvement in protection is not possible without strong support from local authorities. The local authorities must be involved in any protection project. To motivate the local authorities is a difficult task because there is rarely any level of awareness about conservation needs. The hunting pressure cannot be reduced in the short term with a national gun ban or gun control. Enforcement must take place on a local level if it is to be effective. Hunters and gun owners are usually well known by the locals. Delacour’s langurs can only be hunted by hunters which are familiar with the locality. The common explanantion that the animals are hunted by strangers to the locality is an excuse for violation of the law. A broad education campaign for the public across the entire distribution area which is powerful enough to improve protection and to reduce hunting pressure cannot be realized. Regarding the critical conditions for the species’ survival it seems much more important to involve the local authorities in an administrative role in the national task of preserving an endemic species. In this special case measures must be taken, in particular to involve other governmental authorities besides the forest protection authorities. An efficient tool could be a direct letter from the government - Minister or Prime Minister - to the local authorities located around important distribution areas demanding the implementation of measures to protect the species and to monitor those populations. The strict enforcement of the legally imposed fines also needs additional attention. In some remote areas, where hunting and the possession of firearms are common, the violations of the law are not notified and not punished. It is equally important to prosecute the illegal possession of firearms and the trade of endangered species which does not directly involve the hunters. Endangered animals are often offered in public. For example, there were three Delacour’s langurs offered in a shop along Road No.1 in Tam Diep (Ninh Binh Province) for a long time and there was no prosecution by the responsible forest protection authorities, despite the fact that they were informed. Violations of the forest protection laws and the punishment should be made public as well. 85
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Tilo Nadler - Frank Momberg - Nguye
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THE DESIGNATION OF GEOGRAPHICAL ENT
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iv 3.4 Delacour’s langur (Trachyp
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vi Acknowledgement Fauna & Flora In
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viii Abbreviations Key to abbreviat
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Red-shanked douc langurs; group of
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Vietnam Primate Conservation Status
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3 2 1 4 1. Indochinese Silvered lan
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3. Langurs
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3. Langurs 3.0 An introduction to t
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The basic social organisation for t
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3.1 Francois’ langur
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Page 37 and 38: DISTRIBUTION OF FRANCOIS' LANGUR (T
Page 39 and 40: 3.1 FRANCOIS’ LANGUR - Trachypith
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Page 43 and 44: Discussed records Quang Ninh Provin
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Page 48 and 49: 2 3 6 1 4 5 1. Hatinh langur; ad. m
Page 50 and 51: Vietnam Primate Conservation Status
Page 58 and 59: 1 2 3 4 1. Cat Ba langur; ad. femal
Page 71 and 72: 3.4. Delacour’s langur
Page 73 and 74: 3.4 Delacour’s langur Trachypithe
Page 75 and 76: 3.4 DELACOUR’S LANGUR - Trachypit
Page 77 and 78: 3.4.4 Delacour’s langur records 3
Page 83 and 84: Locations where Delacour’s langur
Page 85: 3.4.5 Status 3.4 DELACOUR’S LANGU
Page 91 and 92: 3.5. Grey langur
Page 93 and 94: 3.5 Grey langur Trachypithecus crep
Page 95 and 96: Distribution in China 3.5 GREY LANG
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Page 101 and 102: Vu Quang National Park (HA TINH) Sp
Page 103 and 104: Ha Tay Province 20 O 34’-21 O 17
Page 105 and 106: 3.6. Indochinese Silvered langur
Page 107 and 108: 3.6 Indochinese Silvered langur Tra
Page 109 and 110: 3.6 INDOCHINESE SILVERED LANGUR - T
Page 115 and 116: 4.0. Douc langurs
Page 117 and 118: 4. Douc langurs 4.0 An introduction
Page 119 and 120: 4 DOUC LANGURS Groups are character
Page 121 and 122: 4.1.2 Black-shanked douc langur Pyg
Page 123 and 124: 4 DOUC LANGURS DISTRIBUTION OF RED-
Page 125 and 126: 4 DOUC LANGURS DISTRIBUTION OF BLAC
Page 127 and 128: 4 DOUC LANGURS One infant skull (IE
Page 129 and 130: 4 DOUC LANGURS Bach Ma National Par
Page 131 and 132: 4 DOUC LANGURS My Town and Ro Villa
Page 133 and 134: 4 DOUC LANGURS very poor secondary
Page 135 and 136: A Yun Pa Nature Reserve (GIA LAI) S
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Krong No District (DAK LAK) Special
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4 DOUC LANGURS The Ra Glai minority
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Dinh Quan District (DONG NAI) Speci
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4 DOUC LANGURS Obviously there are
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4 DOUC LANGURS ✱ The establishmen
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2 3 1 1. Tonkin snub-nosed monkey;
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DISTRIBUTION OF TONKIN SNUB-NOSED M
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5 2 3 1 4 6 1. Hunters with living
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7.0. Conservation Policy
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7. Conservation policy 7.1 Hunting
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The aims of an ex-situ programme sh
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7 CONSERVATION POLICY Table 7.4-1 R
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8. References 8 REFERENCES Adler, H
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8 REFERENCES Boonratana, R., and Le
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8 REFERENCES Dao Van Tien. 1970. Su
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8 REFERENCES Fooden, J. 1976a. Prov
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8 REFERENCES Hill, W. C. O. 1934. A
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8 REFERENCES Le Khac Quyet and Trin
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8 REFERENCES Lippold, L. K. 1995a.
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Monestrol, H. (ed.). 1952. Chasses
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8 REFERENCES Ngo Van Tri. 1999b. Th
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8 REFERENCES Pham Nhat, Nguyen Xuan
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8 REFERENCES Simonetta, A. 1957. Ca
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8 REFERENCES Vermeulen, J. and Whit
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Appendix 1 Leaf monkey species in t
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Appendix 2 Selected areas of high v
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8 APPENDIX: 2 the surrounding area
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8 APPENDIX: 2 Forests in the southe
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Ke Go Nature Reserve (HA TINH) Spec
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8 APPENDIX: 2 was decreed with a to
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8 APPENDIX: 2 Elevation: reaching 1
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8 APPENDIX: 2 regeneration of everg
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Appendix 3 IUCN RED LIST CATEGORIES
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EXTINCT (EX) A taxon is Extinct whe
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B Extent of occurrence estimated to
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D Population estimated to number le
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The Primate Conservation Status Rev
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