92 GEOLOGIC STUDIES IN ALASKA BY THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, <strong>1992</strong> <strong>the</strong> largest found to <strong>the</strong> south around Cairn Mounta<strong>in</strong> (1,158 m) and to <strong>the</strong> north <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Lyman Hills, with eleva- tions above 1,200 m. GEOLOGY The geology of <strong>the</strong> western half of <strong>the</strong> Lime Hills quadrangle has not been studied <strong>in</strong> detail. Descriptions and lithotectonic terrane designations used here are taken largely from Wallace and o<strong>the</strong>rs (1989) and from Jones EXPLANATION X m<strong>in</strong>e x prospect Polymetalllc Lodes 3 Candle Creek 4 Beaver Mounta<strong>in</strong>s 5 Broken Shovel 8 Golden Horn X 18 and o<strong>the</strong>rs (1987). The western half of <strong>the</strong> Lime Hills quadrangle is underla<strong>in</strong> <strong>by</strong> three lithotectonic terranes and <strong>by</strong> <strong>the</strong> Kuskokwim Group of sedimentary rocks (fig. 2). These three terranes, <strong>the</strong> Nixon Fork, Mystic, and Dill<strong>in</strong>ger, have recently been comb<strong>in</strong>ed as separate parts of <strong>the</strong> Farewell terrane (Decker and o<strong>the</strong>rs, <strong>in</strong> press). The Nixon Fork terrane is found as a th<strong>in</strong> nor<strong>the</strong>ast- trend<strong>in</strong>g belt of isolated outcrops <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> southwestern quadrant of <strong>the</strong> Lime Hills quadrangle. The Nixon Fork terrane <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> quadrangle is fault-bounded and composed of thick Cambrian to Middle Devonian calcareous - x 5 0 35 KILOMETERS X 6 Placers Hg-Sb Lodes 2 Alder Creek 1 White Mounta<strong>in</strong> 3 Candle Creek 10 DeCourcy 6 Moore Creek 12 Snow Gulch 7 Granite Creek 13 Rhyolite 9 Flat 14 Red Devil 11 Donl<strong>in</strong> Creek 16 Mounta<strong>in</strong> Top 15 New York CreekIMurray Gulch 17 Fortyseven Creek 18 Taylor Creek 19 Bonanza Hills Figure 1. Location of study area and selected m<strong>in</strong>es and prospects <strong>in</strong> adjacent quadrangles.
GOLD AND CINNABAR IN HEAVY-MINERAL CONCENTRATES FROM STREAM-SEDIMENT SAMPLES 93 mudstone and limestone, represent<strong>in</strong>g carbonate platform MINERAL DEPOSITS AND deposits (Churk<strong>in</strong> and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1984; Wallace and o<strong>the</strong>rs, OCCURRENCES 1989). Rocks of <strong>the</strong> Mystic terrane are found <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> west- There are no m<strong>in</strong>es or identified m<strong>in</strong>eral resources <strong>in</strong> central and north-central parts of <strong>the</strong> Lime Hills quad- <strong>the</strong> Lime Hills quadrangle. Gamble and o<strong>the</strong>rs (1988) rangle as isolated outcrops of Upper Devonian to Permian listed 67 m<strong>in</strong>eral occurrences <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> quadrangle. Four of clastic rocks, carbonate rocks, and chert (Wallace and 0th- <strong>the</strong>se are with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> study area, and are based on isolated ers, 1989; Gilbert and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1990). These rocks repre- rock samples collected <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> nor<strong>the</strong>rn Lyman Hills (fig. sent shallow-water mar<strong>in</strong>e to nonmar<strong>in</strong>e depositional 2). Occurrence 1 is a NURE rock sample conta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g environments (Gilbert and Bundtzen, 1984). anomalous As, Mo, Fe, Ni, Sn, and U (H<strong>in</strong>derman, 1982). The Dill<strong>in</strong>ger terrane covers an extensive area of <strong>the</strong> occurrence 2 is vaguely described as a "deposit around nor<strong>the</strong>rn and northwestern parts of <strong>the</strong> Lime Hills quad- spr<strong>in</strong>g," where two rock samples conta<strong>in</strong> anomalous Ag, rangle and <strong>in</strong>cludes graptolitic shale, bas<strong>in</strong>al carbonate Zn, and Mo (Gilbert, 1981). Dur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> present study, <strong>the</strong> rocks, calcareous sandstone, and m<strong>in</strong>or chert and conglom- area around <strong>the</strong>se two occurrences was explored. Near oc- erate. Rocks of <strong>the</strong> Dill<strong>in</strong>ger terrane are Cambrian to currence 1 were th<strong>in</strong> quartz-pyrite ve<strong>in</strong>lets up to 0.6 cm Middle Devonian <strong>in</strong> age (Wallace and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1989). thick along a shear zone cutt<strong>in</strong>g cleaved, iron-oxide- Rocks of <strong>the</strong> Dill<strong>in</strong>ger terrane represent a shallow<strong>in</strong>g-up- sta<strong>in</strong>ed, black, shaly, well-<strong>in</strong>durated argillite. Occurrence ward regime that <strong>in</strong>cludes bas<strong>in</strong>al, fan turbidite, and 3 is a gossan sample with anomalous Ag, Cu, and Zn, and foreslope depositional environments (Gilbert and occurrence 4 is a malachite-sta<strong>in</strong>ed &rite dike with Bundtzen, 1984). anomalous Au, Cu, and Ni (Gilbert, 1981). An additional Sandstone, shale, and conglomerate of <strong>the</strong> Cretaceous occurrence is found on a hill called Center, <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> south- Kuskokwim Group (Cady and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1955) are f~und east quadrant of <strong>the</strong> study area, where quartz ve<strong>in</strong>s cut throughout much of <strong>the</strong> southwestern part of <strong>the</strong> Lime sericitically altered quartz porphyry. Quartz float and ve<strong>in</strong> Hills quadrangle, and <strong>in</strong> small outcrops <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> northwestern quartz from outcrop conta<strong>in</strong> anomalous Ag, As, and Sb comer of <strong>the</strong> quadrangle. This post-accretionary Sequence, (B.L. Reed, written commun., 1991). more than 10 km thick, is composed primarily of deep- Additional occurrences listed <strong>by</strong> Gamble and o<strong>the</strong>rs mar<strong>in</strong>e turbidites, with subord<strong>in</strong>ate shallow-mar<strong>in</strong>e and (1988) are east of <strong>the</strong> study area, scattered throughout <strong>the</strong> fluvial rocks, and has been deformed generally <strong>in</strong>to broad <strong>Alaska</strong> Range <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> eastern half of <strong>the</strong> Lime Hills quad- open folds (Cady and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1955; llecker and o<strong>the</strong>rs, <strong>in</strong> rangle. These occurrences typically are rock samples con- press; Moore and Wallace, 1985). ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g pyrite, base-metal sulfides, or molybdenite, or Igneous rocks <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> western half of <strong>the</strong> Lime Hills hav<strong>in</strong>g geochemical anomalies for Cu, Pb, Zn, Mo, Au, quadrangle consist of Tertiary dikes of andesitic to basaltic and Ag. Many of <strong>the</strong> occurrences are <strong>in</strong> quartz ve<strong>in</strong>s, and composition and porphyritic to equigranular texture, found <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> n~r<strong>the</strong>rn part of <strong>the</strong> study area (Gamble and o<strong>the</strong>rs, most are associated spatially with plutonic rocks of <strong>in</strong>termediate to felsic composition (Gamble and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1988). 1988); small bodies of Tertiary(?) sericitically altered quartz porphyry (B.L. Reed, written commun., 19901, Additional gold anomalies and gold-bear<strong>in</strong>g ve<strong>in</strong> occurrences, generally <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> nor<strong>the</strong>astern part of <strong>the</strong> quadfound <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> central part of <strong>the</strong> study area; and Triassic to Jurassic pillow basalts capp<strong>in</strong>g rocks of <strong>the</strong> Mystic terrane (Wallace and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1989), found <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> north-central Part of <strong>the</strong> study area (Gamble and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1988)- A small body of Tertiary(?) <strong>in</strong>trusive rhyolite to f<strong>in</strong>e-gra<strong>in</strong>ed granite was mapped south of Cairn Mounta<strong>in</strong> near <strong>the</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>rn edge of <strong>the</strong> quadrangle (John Decker, 1984, un~ub. maprangle, were described <strong>by</strong> Allen (1990). While no m<strong>in</strong>eral deposits are found <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Lime Hills quadrangle, many are found <strong>in</strong> adjacent quadrangles, <strong>in</strong> rocks correlative with those exposed <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> study area (fig. 1). Numerous placer gold deposits and occurrences are found <strong>in</strong> contiguous quadrangles, and <strong>the</strong>se conta<strong>in</strong> varied amounts of c<strong>in</strong>nabar, scheelite, and locally cassiterp<strong>in</strong>g). Extensive bodies of syn- to post-accretionary, Cretaceous to Tertiary, mafic to felsic, plutonic and volcanic rocks of <strong>the</strong> <strong>Alaska</strong> Range batholith crop out immediately east of <strong>the</strong> study area <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> eastem half of <strong>the</strong> Lime Hills quadrangle and throughout <strong>the</strong> <strong>Alaska</strong> Range (Gamble and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1988). Unconsolidated Quaternary deposits are extensive <strong>in</strong> ite (Eberle<strong>in</strong> and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1977; Bundtzen and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1988). Productive gold placers <strong>in</strong>clude Flat, Ganes Creek, Moore Creek, Granite Creek, and Donl<strong>in</strong> Creek <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Iditarod quadrangle (Mertie, 1936; Cady and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1955; Bundtzen and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1986); New York Creek/ Murray Gulch and Fortyseven Creek <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Sleetmute quadrangle (Cady and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1955); Alder Creek and <strong>the</strong> western half of <strong>the</strong> Lime Hills quadrangle and severely limit bedrock exposure <strong>in</strong> many areas. Glacial features are COIllmOn <strong>in</strong> Some areas. Glacial deposits <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> area have not been mapped, but are evident on aerial photographs (B.M. Gamble, oral commun., <strong>1992</strong>). Candle Creek <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> McGrath quadrangle (Mertie, 1936; Eberle<strong>in</strong> and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1977); Taylor Creek <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Taylor Mounta<strong>in</strong>s quadrangle (Cady and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1955); and Bonanza Hills <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Lake Clark quadrangle (Nelson and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 1985).
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Geologic Studies in Alaska by the U
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CONTENTS Introduction Cynthia Dusel
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CONTENTS CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS BULLE
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GEOLOGIC STUDIES IN ALASKA BY THE U
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LATE HOLOCENE LONGITUDINAL AND PARA
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LATE HOLOCENE LONGITUDINAL AND PARA
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LATE HOLOCENE LONGITUDINAL AND PARA
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LATE HOLOCENE LONGITUDINAL AND PARA
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LATE HOLOCENE LONGITUDINAL AND PARA
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DEEP-WATER LITHOFACIES AND CONODONT
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DEEP-WATER LITHOFACIES AND CONODONT
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DEEP-WATER LITHOFACIES AND CONODONT
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Table 1. Locality register for key
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Table 1. Locality register for key
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DEEP-WATER LITHOFACIES AND CONODONT
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DEEP-WATER LITHOFACIES AND CONODONT
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LITHOFACIES AND CONODONTS OF CARBON
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LITHOFACIES AND CONODONTS OF CARBON
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LITHOFACIES AND CONODONTS OF CARBON
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LITHOFACIES AND CONODONTS OF CARBON
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LITHOFACIES AND CONODONTS OF CARBON
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Table 1. Isotopic ages of intrusive
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Table 1. Isotopic ages of intrusive
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GEOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF STREAM-SE
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Table 3. Summary of geochemical sig
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GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTER OF UPPER PALE
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GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTER OF UPPER PALE
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RECONNAISSANCE GEOCHEMISTRY OF BASA
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OSTRACODE ASSEMBLAGES FROM MODERN B
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RUBIDIUM-STRONTIUM ISOTOPIC SYSTEMA
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RUBIDIUM-STRONTIUM ISOTOPIC SYSTEMA
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US. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORTS ON AL
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REPORTS ABOUT ALASKA IN NON-USGS PU
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REPORTS ABOUT ALASKA IN NON-USGS PU