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450 Names English: Purple passionfruit Scientific name: Passiflora edulis Sims Tok pisin: Synonyms: Tok ples: Plant family: Passifloraceae Description: A vine which continues to grow for several years. The main vine becomes woody. Vines can be 6-7 m long. It climbs by tendrils. The leaves are shaped like the fingers on a hand with three lobes. They are 5-10 cm long. The vine can set flowers at each leaf. The flowers are white and often tinted purple. They are 5 cm across. The fruit are oblong and thickly dotted with purple when ripe. The skin is hard and they have a sweet smell. The flesh is orange. The seed occupy most of the inside with a small amount of flesh. The flesh is edible. Distribution: A subtropical plant. They are cultivated up to 2000 m altitude in the tropics. The purple variety grows in the highlands up to 3000 m. It can stand very light frosts. The yellow one grows in the lowlands. Its normal range is 700 to 2300 m. Often fruit set is poor in wet conditions. Wind breaks are important. Vines can tolerate very light frosts. If frosts are likely wrapping the stems near ground level with insulation paper can help protect the plant. Heavy rain at flowering can reduce fruit set through poor pollination. Soils should be fertile, moist and well drained. Plants cannot tolerate waterlogging. A pH in the range 5.5-6.5 is best. In Nepal they grow between 1200-1700 m altitude. It suits hardiness zones 8-11. Cultivation: Plants are grown by seeds or cuttings. Seeds germinate in 15-45 days. Seedlings can be grafted. When the end shoots of the mother plant are the same thickness as the seedling stem, shoot tips 8 cm long can be used. The leaves should be removed from the cutting being used in the graft. An even light and high humidity allows these grafted plants to be ready in a few weeks. Plants are put in a hole 30 cm deep and which has had organic matter added. A spacing of 3-4 m apart is suitable. Plants need a trellis to climb over. Often a trellis 2 m high is used. Normally the side shoots are picked off until the vine reaches the trellis height. Then the tip is picked out to promote branching. Normally later pruning is not done. Putting mulch around the plant helps retain moisture and adds nutrients as well as controlling weeds. Hand pollination can improve fruit set. The fruit turns purple, wrinkles then drops off when ripe. Balanced fertiliser to promote healthy growth is important. Deficiencies of magnesium, iron, zinc, copper and boron can occur in some places. Pruning is important to keep vines vigorous. Production: Plants produce after about 12-18 months and keep producing well for 4 or 5 years. Good production is related to keeping the vine growing well by avoiding low temperatures and lack of water. Plants are pollinated by insects, so it is important to not kill these with insecticides. They can also self pollinate. Fruit mature between 60 and 100 days from pollination. Use: The fleshy portion of the fruit is eaten raw. Passionfruit are also used for flavouring in juices, and with other foods. The seeds are edible.
451 Food Value: Per 100 g edible portion Edible Moisture Energy Protein Calcium Iron proVit A proVit C Zinc part % KJ g mg mg µg mg mg Fruit Seeds 73.3 280 2.8 1.3 10 20 0.1 Insects: Helopeltis clavifer (Walker) Coreidae (HEM) Cacao mirid Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret) Diaspididae (HEM) Hemiberlesia palmae (Cockerell) Diaspididae (HEM) Idiopsis grisea Faust. Curculionidae (COL) Weevil Leptoglossus australis (Fab.) Coreidae (HEM) Black leaf footed bug Oribius cinereus Mshl. Curculionidae (COL) Shot hole weevils Oribius destructor Mshl. Curculionidae (COL) Shothole weevils Oribius inimicus Mshl. Curculionidae (COL) Shothole weevils Planococcus citri (Risso) Pseudococcidae (HEM) Citrus mealy bug Planococcus pacificus Cox Pseudococcidae (HEM) Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni) Diaspididae (HEM) White scale Tiracola plagiata (Walker) Noctuidae (LEP) Cacao armyworm Diseases: Brown spot Fungus Alternaria passiflorae J.H.Simm. Pests: Importance: Plants are common in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. The fruit are eaten but are not popular.
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Food plants of Papua New Guinea A c
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4 Dedication This book is dedicated
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Root and tuber crops and starchy st
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10 Insects: Achaea janata (Linnaeus
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12 Names English: Taro Scientific n
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14 Names English: Chinese taro Scie
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16 Names English: Swamp taro Scient
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18 Insects: Aspidiella sacchari (Co
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20 Use: The corm is cooked and eate
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22 Food Value: Per 100 g edible por
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Insects: Abgrallaspis cyanophylli (
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26 Names English: Lesser yam Scient
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28 Names English: Potato yam Scient
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30 Names English: Five leaflet yam
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32 Names English: White yam, White
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34 Food Value: Per 100 g edible por
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36 Henosepilachna haemorrhoea (Biel
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38 Names English: Yam bean Scientif
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40 Names English: Jerusalem articho
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42 Names English: Anu, Peruvian nas
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44 Names English: Banana, Plantain
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46 Names English: Sago Scientific n
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48 Names English: Solomon’s sago
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51 Names English: Peanut Scientific
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53 Names English: Winged bean Scien
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55 Spodoptera litura Fab. Noctuidae
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57 Names English: Yard long bean, S
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59 Names English: Cowpea Scientific
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61 Names English: Pigeon pea, Dhal
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63 Names English: Soybean Scientifi
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65 Names English: Lima bean Scienti
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67 Cassena intermedia Jac. Chrysome
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69 Lamprosema indica F. Pyralidae (
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71 Names English: Sword bean Scient
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73 Aulacophora similis Olivier Chry
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75 Names English: Rice bean Scienti
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77 Names English: Velvet bean Scien
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79 Names English: D'Albertis creepe
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81 Names English: Guar bean Scienti
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Green leafy vegetables or Kumus 84
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86 Insects: Cletus sp. Colobathrist
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88 Names English: Grain Amaranth, Q
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90 Names English: Spleen amaranth S
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92 Names English: Native Amaranth S
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94 Names English: Scientific name:
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96 Names English: Spinach Joint fir
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Names English: Water drop wort Scie
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100 Names English: Blackberried nig
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Page 104 and 105:
104 Names English: Highlands kapiak
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106 Names English: Dye fig Scientif
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Page 114 and 115:
114 Names English: Watercress Scien
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116 Names English: Waterleaf Scient
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118 Names English: Sweet leaf Scien
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120 Names English: Leucaena Scienti
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122 Names English: Hibiscus Scienti
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124 Names English: Wandering Jew Sc
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126 Names English: Indian coral tre
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Page 130 and 131:
130 Names English: Purslane, Pigwee
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132 Names English: Striped cucumber
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Edible ferns 134 English name Tok P
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136 Names English: Fern Scientific
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138 Names English: Tree fern Scient
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Page 144 and 145:
144 Names English: Climbing swamp f
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146 Names English: Giant Creek Fern
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148 Names English: Ladder fern Scie
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150 Names English: Hairy Sword Fern
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152 Names English: King fern, Giant
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154 Names English: Bird’s Nest Fe
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156 Names English: Adder’s Tongue
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158 Names English: Parsley fern, Au
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160 Names English: Swamp fern, Wate
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162 Names English: Fern Scientific
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164 Names English: Climbing maidenh
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166
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168 English name Tok Pisin Scientif
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170 Insects: Agapophyta bipunctata
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172 Names English: Betel nut Scient
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174 Names English: Highland Betel n
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Page 178 and 179:
178 Names English: Pejibaye, Peach
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180 Names English: Wine palm, Palmy
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182 Names English: Papuan white rat
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184 Names English: Corypha palm Sci
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186 Food Value: Per 100 g edible po
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Page 190 and 191:
190 Names English: Fan palm Scienti
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192 Names English: Black Palm Scien
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194 Names English: Solitaire palm,
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196 Names English: Traveller's palm
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198 Names English: Claudie River La
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Vegetables 200 English name Tok Pis
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202 Parastasia guttulata Fairmaire
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Food Value: Per 100 g edible portio
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Page 208 and 209:
208 Names English: Snake gourd Scie
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Page 212 and 213:
212 Insects: Amblypelta lutescens p
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214 Names English: Pumpkin, Winter
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216 Names English: Cucumber Scienti
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218 Names English: Marrow, Pumpkin
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220 Names English: Bottle gourd Sci
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222 Names English: Smooth loofah Sc
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224 Names English: Bitter cucumber
Page 226 and 227:
226 Names English: Spiny bitter cuc
Page 228 and 229:
228 Names English: Bok-choy Celery
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230 Names English: Kohl rabi Scient
Page 232 and 233:
232 Names English: Broccoli Scienti
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234 Names English: Chinese kale Sci
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236 Names English: Bai cai, Petsai
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238 Names English: Chinese radish S
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240 Names English: Bulb onion Scien
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242 Names English: Chives Scientifi
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244 Names English: Leek Scientific
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246 Names English: Celery Scientifi
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248 Names English: Asparagus Scient
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250 Diseases: Leaf spot Fungus Alte
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252 Names English: Pea eggplant Sci
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254 And Thanatephorus cucumeris Bro
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256 Names English: Lettuce Scientif
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Minor and less common vegetables 25
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260 Names English: Parsley Scientif
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262 Names English: New Guinea Edibl
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264 Names English: Giant bamboo Sci
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266 Names English: Endive Scientifi
Page 268 and 269:
268 Names English: Common bamboo Sc
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270 Names English: Buckwheat Scient
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272 Names English: Sunflower Scient
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Grains and cereals 274 English name
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276 Chilo suppressalis (Walker) Pyr
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278 Names English: Wild rice Scient
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280 Names English: Wheat Scientific
Page 282 and 283:
282 Names English: Job’s tears Sc
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Waterlilies 284 English name Tok Pi
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286 Names English: Giant waterlily,
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288 Names English: Waterlily Scient
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290 Names English: Blue Water lily
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292 Nuts English name Tok Pisin Sci
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294 stored in sealed containers for
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302 Names English: Melville Island
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Page 308 and 309:
308 Names English: Breadfruit Scien
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310 Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) C
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312 Production: Jackfruit is a fast
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314
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316 cooked and eaten and the two ha
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Page 324 and 325:
324 Names English: Java almond, Tro
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Page 332 and 333:
332 Names English: Macadamia nut Sc
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334 Names English: Polynesian chest
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336 Names English: Nypa palm Scient
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338 Names English: Cape nutmeg Scie
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Page 342 and 343:
342 Names English: Queensland almon
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344 Names English: Arnhem Land quan
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346 Names English: Castanopsis ches
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348 Dysmicoccus nesophilus Williams
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Minor and introduced nuts 350 Engli
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The apple is used to make alcoholic
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354 Names English: Fragrant screwpi
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356 Names English: Pecan Scientific
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358 Names English: Walnut Scientifi
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360 Names English: Pistachio nut Sc
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362 Names English: Java olive Scien
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366
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368 Fruit and other often sweet foo
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370 Leaf eating insects Anomala com
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Page 374 and 375:
374 Names English: Pineapple Scient
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378 Diseases: Leaf spot Fungus Cerc
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Food Value: Per 100 g edible portio
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Page 386 and 387:
386 Names English: Cherimoya Scient
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388 Names English: Atemoya, Custard
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390 Graphium agamemnon L. Papilioni
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392 Names English: Sweetsop Scienti
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394 Names English: Pacific lychee S
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396 Ceroplastes destructor Newstead
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Page 400 and 401: 400 Names English: Golden apple, Sc
Page 402 and 403: 402 Names English: Scientific name:
Page 404 and 405: 404 Food Value: Per 100 g edible po
Page 406 and 407: West Indian lime Citrus aurantifoli
Page 408 and 409: 408 Names English: Lime, West India
Page 410 and 411: 410 Names English: Orange, Sweet or
Page 412 and 413: 412 Names English: Citron Scientifi
Page 414 and 415: 414 Names English: Wild lime Scient
Page 416 and 417: 416 Names English: Clymenia Scienti
Page 420 and 421: 420 Names English: Tree tomato, Tam
Page 422 and 423: 422 Names English: Naranjilla Scien
Page 424 and 425: 424 Names English: Surinam cherry S
Page 426 and 427: 426 Names English: Watery rose appl
Page 428 and 429: 428 Names English: Java apple Scien
Page 430 and 431: 430 Names English: Pink satinash Sc
Page 432 and 433: 432 Fruit (Continued) English name
Page 434 and 435: 434 Names English: White apple Scie
Page 436 and 437: 436 Names English: Lady apple, Red
Page 438 and 439: 438 Names English: Governor’s plu
Page 440 and 441: 440 Names English: Coffee plum Scie
Page 442 and 443: 442 Names English: Red raspberry Sc
Page 444 and 445: 444 Names English: Molucca bramble
Page 446 and 447: 446 Names English: Rose-leaf brambl
Page 448 and 449: 448 Names English: Alpine strawberr
Page 452 and 453: 452 Names English: Banana passionfr
Page 454 and 455: 454 Names English: Sweet granadilla
Page 456 and 457: 456 Names English: Granadilla Scien
Page 458 and 459: 458 Names English: Toothed-leaved w
Page 460 and 461: 460 Names English: Canistel, Yellow
Page 462 and 463: 462 Names English: Peach Scientific
Page 464 and 465: 464 Names English: Durian Scientifi
Page 466 and 467: 466 Names English: Mangosteen Scien
Page 468 and 469: 468 Names English: Warren’s mango
Page 472 and 473: 472 Names English: Loquat Scientifi
Page 474 and 475: 474 Production: Seeds germinate aft
Page 476 and 477: 476 Names English: Horse mango Scie
Page 480 and 481: 480 Names English: European grape S
Page 482 and 483: 482 Names English: Salak, Snake fru
Page 484 and 485: 484 Names English: Santol Scientifi
Page 486 and 487: 486 Names English: Rambutan Scienti
Page 488 and 489: 488 Names English: Panama berry Sci
Page 490 and 491: 490 Names English: Mulberry Scienti
Page 492 and 493: 492 Names English: Indian mulberry
Page 494 and 495: 494 Names English: Garraway lime Sc
Page 496 and 497: 496 Names English: Fei banana Scien
Page 498 and 499: 498 Names English: Sapodilla Scient
Page 500 and 501:
500 Names English: Litchi, Lychee S
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502 Names English: Langsat Scientif
Page 504 and 505:
504 Names English: Garuga Scientifi
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506 Names English: Fig Scientific n
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508 Names English: Velvet apple Sci
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510 Names English: Longan Scientifi
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512 Names English: Red beach, Golde
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514 Names English: Black currant tr
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516 Names English: Chinese laurel S
Page 518 and 519:
518 Names English: Broad leafed lil
Page 520 and 521:
520 Names English: Pineapple guava,
Page 522 and 523:
522 English name Tok Pisin Scientif
Page 524 and 525:
524 Names English: Oregano Scientif
Page 526 and 527:
526 Names English: Spearmint Scient
Page 528 and 529:
528 Names English: Dill Scientific
Page 530 and 531:
530 Names English: Chilli, Bird's e
Page 532 and 533:
532 Names English: Perilla Scientif
Page 534 and 535:
534 Names English: Native cardamon
Page 536 and 537:
536 Names English: Coriander Scient
Page 538 and 539:
538 Names English: Lemon balm Scien
Page 540 and 541:
540 Names English: Queensland Nutme
Page 542 and 543:
542 Names English: Tamarind Scienti
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544 Names English: Betel pepper Sci
Page 546 and 547:
546 Names English: Thyme Scientific
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548 Names English: Ginger Scientifi
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550 Names English: Wild ginger Scie
Page 552 and 553:
552 Scientific name Page Asplenium
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554 Scientific name Page Deeringia
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556 Scientific name Page Manihot es
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558 Scientific name Page Psidium gu
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560 English name Page Adder’s ton
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562 European chestnut 353 European
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564 Oca 41 Oil palm 185 Okra 247 Ol
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566 Sweetsop 392 Sword bean 71 Tama
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Pao 307 Pao 305 Paragum 17 Peteta 3
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