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Fiske, A. P. (1998). Human sociality. The International Society for the Study of Personal Relationships Bulletin, 14, 4–9. Folkman, S. (1982). An approach to the measurement of coping. Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 3, 95-107. Fong, C. (1993). A longitudinal study of the relationships between overload, social support and burnout among nursing educators. Journal of Nursing Education, 32, 24–29. Foxall, M., Zimmerman, L., Standley, R. & Bene, B. (1990). A comparison of frequency and sources of nursing job stress perceived by intensive care, hospice and medical-surgical nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 15, 577–584. Freudenberger, J. H. (1974). Staff burnout. Journal of Social Issues, 30, 159–165. Friedman, I. A. & Farber, B. A. (1992). Professional self-concept as a predictor of teacher burnout. Journal of Educational Research, 86(1), 28-35. Gabris, G. & Ihrke, D. M. (1996). Burnout in a large federal agency: Phase model implications for how employees perceive leadership credibility. Public Administration Quarterly, 20, 220-249. Garrett, D. & McDaniel, A. (2001). A new look at nurse burnout: The effects of environmental uncertainty and social climate. Journal of Nursing Administration, 31, 91–96. Garrosa, E., Moreno-Jimenez, B., Liang, Y. & Gonzalez, J. L. (2006). The relationship between socio-demographic variables, job stressors, burnout, and hardy personality in nurses: An exploratory study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 45(3), 418-427. Geurts, S. & Grundemann, S. (1999). In Bradley, J. R. & Cartwright, S. (2002). Social Support, Job Stress, Health, and Job Satisfaction among Nurses in the United Kingdom. International Journal of Stress Management, 9(3), 163-182.
Ghorpade, J., Lackritz, J. & Singh, G. (2007). Burnout and Personality: Evidence From Academia. Journal of Career Assessment, 15(2), 240-256. Retrieved on November 13, 2007 from doi: 10.1177/1069072706298156 Glass, D. C. & McKnight, J. D. (1996). Perceived control, depressive symptomatology, and professional burnout: A review of the evidence. Psychological Health, 11, 23–48. Gulalp, B., Karcioglu, O., Sari, A. & Koseoglu, Z. (2008). Burnout: need help? Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology 3, 32-37. Retrieved on November 10, 2007 from doi: 10.1186/1745-6673-3-32 Halbesleben, J. R. B. & Bowler, W. M. (2005). In Halbesleben, J. R. B. & Buckley, M. R. (2004). Burnout in Organizational Life. Journal of Management, 30(6), 859–879. Halbesleben, J. R. B. & Buckley, R. M. (2004). Burnout in Organizational Life. Journal of Management, 30(6), 859–879. Hannigan, B., Edwards, D., Coyle, D., Fothergill, A. & Burnard, P. (2000). Burnout in community mental health nurses: Findings from the all-Wales stress study. Journal of Psychiatric & Mental Health Nursing, 7(2), 127–134. Hansen, N., Sverke, M. & Näswall, K. (2009). Predicting nurse burnout from demands and resources in three acute care hospitals under different forms of ownership: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 46, 96–107. Harris, P. & Rose, J. (2002) Measuring Staff Support in Services for People with Learning Disability: The Staff Support and Satisfaction Questionnaire, Version 2, Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 46(2), 151–7. Harris, P. & Thomson, G. (1993). The Staff Support Questionnaire. Mental Handicap 21 (3), 122–7.
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University of Eötvös Lorand Hunga
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DEDICATION TO MY PARENTS; YOUR HARD
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ABSTRACT A great deal of research h
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3. METHOD……………………
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1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. PURPOSE OF THE
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1981). This questionnaire was and i
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oncology wards (Sherman, 2004). Esc
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(SWB). The meaning of SWB is how pe
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extent demographic variables, work-
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2. LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1. THE THEOR
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different countries in Europe and t
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Foxall, Zimmerman, Standley & Benee
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nurse were both negatively connecte
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elated to stress levels and job sat
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Altun (2002) has pointed out that b
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Demerouti et al. (2005) is also arg
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Halbesleben & Buckley (2004) argued
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Brewer & Shapard (2004) conducted a
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the third dimension of the burnout
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Table 1. Amount of nurses being bur
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environmental variables at the hosp
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and stress levels could be differen
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about a patient’s treatment witho
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Potter (2006) conducted a literatur
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Lin, Hsu, Chao, Luh, Hung et al. (2
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at work are underprivileged in comp
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instructions from their supervisors
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number of years worked as a nurse w
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psychosomatic health, after demogra
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environment, and support from the s
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urnout. The factor which has been h
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Diener & Tov (2005, in Kitayama & C
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form of for example life satisfacti
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develop burnout (see for example La
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Simoni & Paterson (1997) have also
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the psychological immune system (Ol
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positive effect of social support i
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Several authors have shown the effe
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support especially important in rel
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(1999), Tummers et al. (2002), and
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According to Maslach (1982), when i
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2.11. HOW CAN WE PREVENT BURNOUT? 2
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work-related safety in order to dec
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in the organization are not easy to
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at work, and on the nurses’ work-
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3. METHOD 3.1 STUDY POPULATION The
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the head nurse at the second meetin
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• Satisfaction with Life scale (D
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assess people’s satisfaction with
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positive accomplishment in the nurs
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Goal Orientation 0.63 0.52 Impulse
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23,71% Number of children 0-1 2-3 4
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It was shown that the Swedish nurse
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APPENDIX 3); a robust Welch-test fo
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Table 8: ANOVA results of work stre
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In the second part of the second hy
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would be found in the Swedish sampl
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The Monitoring-Creating-Executing S
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4.6.3. Findings for Burnout and Per
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Table 17: Robust Test of Equality o
Page 121 and 122: Approach-Belief System (r=0.260, p
Page 123 and 124: p
Page 125 and 126: Approach-Belief System (1.01) and t
Page 127 and 128: Marital status Table 23: Burnout me
Page 129 and 130: generalized to other hospitals in S
Page 131 and 132: feeling inexperienced would result
Page 133 and 134: sample. Another researcher who foun
Page 135 and 136: 5.3. BURNOUT AND LIFE SATISFACTION
Page 137 and 138: the findings in connection to life
Page 139 and 140: salaries of health care system pers
Page 141 and 142: urnout simply shows that the area o
Page 143 and 144: feel supported at home and feel the
Page 145 and 146: and that lower personality scores g
Page 147 and 148: connection between age and burnout.
Page 149 and 150: connection to them was not thought
Page 151 and 152: and young nurses working in the int
Page 153 and 154: extensively researched all around t
Page 155 and 156: what if the Hungarian nurses would
Page 157 and 158: immunity between different countrie
Page 159 and 160: care workers (usually nurses). In s
Page 161 and 162: more efficient if they would be dir
Page 163 and 164: Aries, M. & Ritter, I. Z. (1999). N
Page 165 and 166: Brooks I. & Swailes S. (2002). Anal
Page 167 and 168: Chang, E. M., Bidewell, J. W., Hunt
Page 169 and 170: Cronin-Stubbs, D. & Rooks, C. A. (1
Page 171: Diener, E., Suh, E., Lucas, R. E. &
Page 175 and 176: Hupcey, J. E. (1998). Clarifying th
Page 177 and 178: Lakin, B., Leon, S. C. & Miller, S.
Page 179 and 180: Leiter, M. P. (1993). In Halbeslebe
Page 181 and 182: Maslach, C. (1982). Burnout: a soci
Page 183 and 184: Murrells, T., Robinson, S. & Griffi
Page 185 and 186: Piko, B. F. (1999). Work-related st
Page 187 and 188: Sherman, D. W. (2004). Nurses’ St
Page 189 and 190: Taris, T. W., Schreurs, P. J. G. &
Page 191 and 192: Wright, T. A. & Cropanzano, R. (199
Page 193 and 194: a. Age…………..years old b. Wh
Page 195 and 196: 6.I do not particularly like differ
Page 197 and 198: 4) I am interested in how you feel
Page 199 and 200: APPENDIX C ORIGINAL SPSS OUTPUTS Se
Page 201 and 202: Cases Reliability Scale: ALPHA Case
Page 203 and 204: Cases Case Processing Summary N % V
Page 205 and 206: RELIABILITY /VARIABLES=pici7 pici23
Page 207 and 208: Cases Case Processing Summary N % V
Page 209 and 210: Reliability Statistics Cronbach's A
Page 211 and 212: Section 6: Correlations of the test
Page 213 and 214: Emotional exhaustion_ mbi Depersona
Page 215 and 216: Table 11: Robust Tests of Equality
Page 217 and 218: ience d Worklo ad Stress related to
Page 219 and 220: Table 17: Coefficients(a) Unstandar
Page 221 and 222: Table 23: Excluded Variables(b) Par
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Table 30: Test of Homogeneity of Va
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a Predictors in the Model: (Constan
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5 6 country 4,870 ,772 ,342 6,305 ,
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Social support questionnaire ,145(b
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Being unprepaired and feeling inexp
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Social mobilizing capac. subscale_P
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Section 16: Correlations of the PIC
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Table 48: Correlations: (Group numb
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Positive thinking subscale_PIC I Se
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Positive thinking subscale_PICI Sen
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Approach-Belief System Monitoring-C
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Approach-Belief System Monitoring-
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Model 1 Variables Entered Work stre
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Change and Challenge orient. subsca
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Married -,160(c) -2,798 ,006 -,208
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Relationship with the patient’s r
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More than 5 years worked as a nurse
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Work and private life ,006(b) ,079
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Social creation capac. subscale_PIC
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6 7 Residual 6334,172 172 36,827 To
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Self-Efficacy subscale_PICI ,109(a)
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Significant other subscale_ social
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Stress related to tasks -,109(d) -1
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7 Age Relationship with patients Wo
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Estimate S.E. C.R. P Label Burnout
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country ss ws ls PIC Burnout PIC ,0
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Table 106: ECVI Model ECVI LO 90 HI
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coun try 2,41 8 dp -,723 ss ls PICI
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Table 120: tandardized Indirect Eff
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ment_mbi Emotional exhaustion_mbi D
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Personal accomplishment _mbi single
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2 Model 1 2 Married . a Dependent V
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Number of years at the current work
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edu Total How many years have you w
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Table 160: Chi-Square Tests Value d
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Death, dying Conflic ts with doctor
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Death, dying Conflic ts with doctor
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** Correlation is significant at th
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Estimate S.E. C.R. P Label e12 2,40
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APPMONSYS CREEXSYS SELFREGSYS Goal
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Table 184: RMSEA Model RMSEA LO 90
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Table 192: Correlations: (Group num
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APPMONSYS CREEXSYS SELFREGSYS Self-
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Table 204: NCP Model NCP LO 90 HI 9
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