Gamma Rays and CarbonIon-Beams Irradiation for Mutation ...

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quality and potential production and post harvest evaluations as necessary components for final selections. Additionally, mutant plants such as sigmoid drooping leaf, fast growth, hexaploids and diminished DNA content plants also should be necessary to carry on studies on field condition to confirm if the new traits are single or linked genes. 131
Summary Both Gamma rays and Carbon ion-beams irradiation methods were applied in order to identify the critical irradiation doses, to induce genetic variability for mutant selection and to evaluate the response of black Sigatoka disease. Both irradiation methods acted different in terms of biological effect when banana explants were exposed. Gamma rays and Carbon ion-beams produced the same tendency of survival rate, meaning that increasing dosage also increased mortality, but both methods were different in terms of linear energy transfer. ‘FHIA-01’ tolerated high doses of Gamma rays, but was susceptible to the high doses of Carbon ion-beams. The Gamma rays results suggested that ‘FHIA-01’ can be explored using other dose intervals among 150 Gy and 500 Gy. Weight and height of plantlets were affected by Gamma rays and Carbon ion-beams. Gamma rays reduced drastically these characters when doses of 200-300 Gy were applied. Carbon ion-beams also affected the height and weight with the doses between 4 and16 Gy. LD50 of both cultivars ‘FHIA-01’ and ‘Orito’ manifested high sensitivity to both Gamma rays and Carbon ion-beams, although in each irradiation method the Gy energy were different. During the second Carbon ion beam irradiation the explants behaved different. Weight and height remained stable up to 8 Gy and the survival rate was reduced much more between 8 to 16 Gy. The relative DNA content of ‘FHIA-01’ was reduced by Gamma rays at 200 and 300 Gy, suggesting DNA deletion. ‘FHIA-01’ is definitely a promising cultivar with high sensitivity response to Gy exposure with a high chance of improving its quality by mutation induction. Sigmoid drooping leaf, a putative mutation of ‘FHIA-01’ was generated. As first and second 132
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Gamma Rays and Carbon Ion-Beams Irr
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Table of contents Chapter 1 1.1. In
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4.2.1.1. Cultivars of banana……
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and ‘Valery’, which are exporte
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‘Cavendish Enano’, ‘Williams
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Although it is now found only in Au
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varieties bred at the Jamaican prog
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such as ‘Paka’ (AA) and ‘Pisa
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Resistance (PR). In connection with
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large number of improved mutant cro
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which migrated faster (Rf = 0.44) t
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is juglone (5 hydroxy-1,4-napthoqui
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experiments involving various biolo
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Tanaka (1999) reported novel genes
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2. 1. Materials and Methods Chapter
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2. 1. 1. 4. FHIA-01 ‘FHIA-01’(M
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(Gamma room)” and “Carbon ion-b
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esulting from “Gamma Room” expe
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traits as female sterility and part
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3. 2. 1. 3. Chronic irradiation ( 1
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Gy. ‘Williams’ and ‘Orito’
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a diploid clone (genomic constituti
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‘Williams’ (93%), the necrotic
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etween the irradiation doses and th
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moment they are at the development
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A B C D Fig. 2. Cultivars of banana
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Weight of plantlets (g) Height of p
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Control 50 Gy 100 Gy 150 Gy Fig. 6.
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Control 50 Gy 100 Gy 150 Gy 200 Gy
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Survival rate (%) for LD50 Survival
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A B C D E F Fig. 12. A plant from
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B D AA E Fig 14. Banana meristems a
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A B C Orito Orito Orito Cavendish E
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No. plants No. plants No. plants No
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Circunference (cm) Plant height (cm
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Table 1. Differences of the plantle
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Table 3. Differences of the surviva
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Table 5. Selected materials reporti
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Table 8. Factor of effectiveness an
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deletion rather than point mutation
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were recorded. From the results, th
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4. 2. 2. Assessment of banana plant
Page 85 and 86: placement among the plants (Fig. 30
Page 87 and 88: hours, photographs of the leaf-disc
Page 89 and 90: ‘Williams’ (B) was obtained by
Page 91 and 92: class limits values are clearly sep
Page 93 and 94: values in ‘Cavendish Enano’ ran
Page 95 and 96: Only a partial resistance was obser
Page 97 and 98: Sigatoka but also fruit quality, po
Page 99 and 100: A C Fig. 23. Banana plantlets packa
Page 101 and 102: A C Fig. 25. Acclimatization of the
Page 103 and 104: A C Fig. 27. Survival plantlets for
Page 105 and 106: A C Fig. 29. Mycosphaerella fijiens
Page 107 and 108: A C Fig. 31. Labor during transplan
Page 109 and 110: B A Fig. 33. Establishment of the j
Page 111 and 112: A B Fig. 35. Regenerated plantlets
Page 113 and 114: Survival rate (%) for LD50 Survival
Page 115 and 116: 0 0.5 1 2 4 Fig 39. Banana plantlet
Page 117 and 118: A B C Fig. 41. Regenerated explants
Page 119 and 120: Range of optimum doses (Gy) 16 15 1
Page 121 and 122: Percent of plants Percent of plants
Page 123 and 124: LDNA-% LDNA-% DDP-days 100 80 60 40
Page 125 and 126: Fig. 49. Hexaploid cells in ‘Cave
Page 127 and 128: Table 10. Infection index (II-%), d
Page 129 and 130: Table 12. DDP-days, II-% and LDNA-%
Page 131 and 132: Chapter 5 General Discussion Gamma
Page 133 and 134: FHIA-01 were not able to compare du
Page 135: ‘W 1 II 31’. In the case of ‘
Page 139 and 140: A ‘Cavendish Enano’ plant with
Page 141 and 142: I extend my gratitude also to Dr. K
Page 143 and 144: Cohan, J, P., C. Abadie, K. Tomekp
Page 145 and 146: Hase, Y., M. Yamaguchi and A. Tanak
Page 147 and 148: Molina, G. C. and J. P. Krausz (198
Page 149 and 150: Roux, N. S. (2001). Mutation induct
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