Gamma Rays and CarbonIon-Beams Irradiation for Mutation ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Fig. 42 shows the LD50 for ‘Williams’, ‘Orito’ and ‘FHIA-01’ obtained by exponential regressions. The results shows that the LD50 for these 3 cultivars, were found out at 9.0, 3.8 and 4.6 Gy, respectively, indicating that ‘Orito’ and ‘FHIA-01’ were more sensitive to the ion-beams than the ‘Williams’. However, ‘Williams’ have been irradiated twice, showing 13.5 Gy and 9 Gy, respectively in the first and second irradiation. Even that, the first and second irradiation has reported high resistance to ion-beams irradiation compared with ‘Orito’ and ‘FHIA-01’. In consequence, considering the data from the first and second irradiation, plus/minus (±) 5% was aggregated to each LD50 values of each cultivar to designate the optimum irradiation doses of carbon ion-beam Then, the optimum doses for ‘Williams’ ranged among 12.8-14.2 Gy, ‘Cavendish Enano’ (average of the two irradiation) ranged among 14.3- 15.8 Gy, 4.4-4.8 Gy for ‘FHIA-0’1 and 3.6-4.0 Gy for ‘Orito’. Fig. 43 shows the optimum range for carbon ion-beams irradiation in each cultivar. LD50 of the cultivars are indicated in bold squares. 4. 3. 2. Assessment of banana plantlets at the nursery and at field conditions 4. 3. 2. 1. Disease development period (DDP-days) The results of this variable were obtained from the regenerated plants from the first irradiation. DDP-days of ‘Cavendish Enano’ showed significantly longer rather than those of ‘Williams’. Among the three inoculated leaves in both cultivars, DDP-days were found shorter in the latest evaluations being significantly different (P≦0.05). Figs. 44-A and 45-A shows the frequency distribution by class limits of the DDP-days in ‘Cavendish Enano’ and ‘Williams’ respectively. In these figures the higher 85
class limits values are clearly separated from the lower as is indicated between dotted vertical lines. In ‘Cavendish Enano’ highest DDP-days values ranged from 52.0 to 59.9 days and in ‘Williams’ varies from 50.0 to 54.9 showing quite different reaction expression against to black Sigatoka comparing with the lowest values in both cultivars. All these values gave a sign that there exist great inter- individual variations of the DDP-days due probably to variable mutagenesis caused by the ion-beam irradiation. Molina and Castaño (2003) found in their results on inoculation methods using young plants with both resistant and susceptible cultivars to black Sigatoka, which the DDP-days in the resistant cultivar ‘FHIA-01’ was 77.5 days and the susceptible cultivar ‘Gros Michel’ was 31.2 days. In the present study, the high range of DDP-days demonstrated that there was a reaction of this group of plants against to the fast development of the disease. Additionally, Mobambo et al. (1997) reported differences of the DDP-days (identical with DDT by Mobambo et al.) between young and mature plants in a hybrid progeny of plantain. DDT of the hybrids were 7-16 and 28-36 days longer in young and mature plants, respectively. This variable allowed segregation between susceptible and resistant clones and also between different levels of resistance among the hybrids. These authors also mentioned that the similarity in ranking and response levels as shown by the high correlations between clones of mature and young plants indicate reliable and efficient evaluation in germplasm at young plants phase on response to black Sigatoka. However, agronomic traits like yield performance cannot be predicted by early evaluation for disease response of a clone. In the present experiment, the variation of the DDP-days in each inoculated leaf could be due probably to the high inoculum pressure existing in the open field or the inoculum produced by the diseased leaves 86
Page 1 and 2:
Gamma Rays and Carbon Ion-Beams Irr
Page 3 and 4:
Table of contents Chapter 1 1.1. In
Page 5 and 6:
4.2.1.1. Cultivars of banana……
Page 7 and 8:
and ‘Valery’, which are exporte
Page 9 and 10:
‘Cavendish Enano’, ‘Williams
Page 11 and 12:
Although it is now found only in Au
Page 13 and 14:
varieties bred at the Jamaican prog
Page 15 and 16:
such as ‘Paka’ (AA) and ‘Pisa
Page 17 and 18:
Resistance (PR). In connection with
Page 19 and 20:
large number of improved mutant cro
Page 21 and 22:
which migrated faster (Rf = 0.44) t
Page 23 and 24:
is juglone (5 hydroxy-1,4-napthoqui
Page 25 and 26:
experiments involving various biolo
Page 27 and 28:
Tanaka (1999) reported novel genes
Page 29 and 30:
2. 1. Materials and Methods Chapter
Page 31 and 32:
2. 1. 1. 4. FHIA-01 ‘FHIA-01’(M
Page 33 and 34:
(Gamma room)” and “Carbon ion-b
Page 35 and 36:
esulting from “Gamma Room” expe
Page 37 and 38:
traits as female sterility and part
Page 39 and 40: 3. 2. 1. 3. Chronic irradiation ( 1
Page 41 and 42: Gy. ‘Williams’ and ‘Orito’
Page 43 and 44: a diploid clone (genomic constituti
Page 45 and 46: ‘Williams’ (93%), the necrotic
Page 47 and 48: etween the irradiation doses and th
Page 49 and 50: moment they are at the development
Page 51 and 52: A B C D Fig. 2. Cultivars of banana
Page 53 and 54: Weight of plantlets (g) Height of p
Page 55 and 56: Control 50 Gy 100 Gy 150 Gy Fig. 6.
Page 57 and 58: Control 50 Gy 100 Gy 150 Gy 200 Gy
Page 59 and 60: Survival rate (%) for LD50 Survival
Page 61 and 62: A B C D E F Fig. 12. A plant from
Page 63 and 64: B D AA E Fig 14. Banana meristems a
Page 65 and 66: A B C Orito Orito Orito Cavendish E
Page 67 and 68: No. plants No. plants No. plants No
Page 69 and 70: Circunference (cm) Plant height (cm
Page 71 and 72: Table 1. Differences of the plantle
Page 73 and 74: Table 3. Differences of the surviva
Page 75 and 76: Table 5. Selected materials reporti
Page 77 and 78: Table 8. Factor of effectiveness an
Page 79 and 80: deletion rather than point mutation
Page 81 and 82: were recorded. From the results, th
Page 83 and 84: 4. 2. 2. Assessment of banana plant
Page 85 and 86: placement among the plants (Fig. 30
Page 87 and 88: hours, photographs of the leaf-disc
Page 89: ‘Williams’ (B) was obtained by
Page 93 and 94: values in ‘Cavendish Enano’ ran
Page 95 and 96: Only a partial resistance was obser
Page 97 and 98: Sigatoka but also fruit quality, po
Page 99 and 100: A C Fig. 23. Banana plantlets packa
Page 101 and 102: A C Fig. 25. Acclimatization of the
Page 103 and 104: A C Fig. 27. Survival plantlets for
Page 105 and 106: A C Fig. 29. Mycosphaerella fijiens
Page 107 and 108: A C Fig. 31. Labor during transplan
Page 109 and 110: B A Fig. 33. Establishment of the j
Page 111 and 112: A B Fig. 35. Regenerated plantlets
Page 113 and 114: Survival rate (%) for LD50 Survival
Page 115 and 116: 0 0.5 1 2 4 Fig 39. Banana plantlet
Page 117 and 118: A B C Fig. 41. Regenerated explants
Page 119 and 120: Range of optimum doses (Gy) 16 15 1
Page 121 and 122: Percent of plants Percent of plants
Page 123 and 124: LDNA-% LDNA-% DDP-days 100 80 60 40
Page 125 and 126: Fig. 49. Hexaploid cells in ‘Cave
Page 127 and 128: Table 10. Infection index (II-%), d
Page 129 and 130: Table 12. DDP-days, II-% and LDNA-%
Page 131 and 132: Chapter 5 General Discussion Gamma
Page 133 and 134: FHIA-01 were not able to compare du
Page 135 and 136: ‘W 1 II 31’. In the case of ‘
Page 137 and 138: Summary Both Gamma rays and Carbon
Page 139 and 140: A ‘Cavendish Enano’ plant with
Page 141 and 142:
I extend my gratitude also to Dr. K
Page 143 and 144:
Cohan, J, P., C. Abadie, K. Tomekp
Page 145 and 146:
Hase, Y., M. Yamaguchi and A. Tanak
Page 147 and 148:
Molina, G. C. and J. P. Krausz (198
Page 149 and 150:
Roux, N. S. (2001). Mutation induct
show all

Gamma Rays and CarbonIon-Beams Irradiation for Mutation ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?