THE FUTURE OF MONEY Bernard A. Lietaer - library.uniteddiversity ...

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The evidence for this relationship between gifts and community is overwhelming. It has been documented all over the world and at all times. Some examples It is odd that I needed anthropologists to discover the relationship between gifts and community building. The etymology of the word 'community' could have provided even more explicit information about the link, without all that hard fieldwork by anthropologists. 'Community' derives from the two Latin roots: cum, meaning together, among each other and munus, meaning the gift, or the corresponding verb munere, to give. Hence 'community' = 'to give among each other: Could it have been more obvious' I will now provide three examples of communities where this unwritten rule that community is built over time as a result of gift exchanges - has been operational since time immemorial. Monastic community Benedictus of Aniane introduced some Celtic concepts into early Christianity and founded the Benedictine Order during- the fifth century AD, the first Christian monastic organisation in the West. Its rulebook specifies that communitas is created by the way one organises the economic necessities of these monasteries. The monks should be self-sufficient as a group, but totally inter-dependent between themselves. Everybody has a function From abbot to doorkeeper, from cook to scribe, from ironmonger to cheese maker. But each job has to be contributed as a gift to the community.
Monasteries knew all about monetary exchanges, as these regularly occurred between the monastery and the rest of the world. It is, therefore, quite intentional and significant that the Benedictine rule explicitly prohibits any monetary exchanges among members of the community. Non-Christian monastic traditions have gone even further in the same direction, without the benefit of knowing the Latin etymology for the word 'community'. For instance, 'According to the Buddhist monastic code, monks and nuns are not allowed to accept money or even to engage in barter or trade with lay people. They live entirely in an economy of gifts. Lay supporters provide gifts of material requisites for the monastery, while the monastics provide their supporters with the gift of teaching. Ideally this is an exchange that comes from the heart, something totally voluntary. The returns in this economy do not depend on the material value of the object given but in the purity of heart of the donor or the recipient. Traditional societies In the early 1950s Lorna Marshall and her husband lived with a band of Bushmen in South Africa. As a farewell gift, they gave to each of the women in the band a bracelet of cowrie shells. Cowries are not available in the area, and had been bought in New York. Marshall wondered what that might do to future archaeological research in the area. When the Marshalls returned a year later, they were surprised to find none of the cowries in the original group. 'They appeared, not as whole necklaces, but in ones and twos in other people's ornaments at the edges of the region.' The gifts of the cowrie seashells had spread like water through the wider community.
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THE FUTURE OF MONEY Bernard A. Liet
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*Monetary Instability; * and an Inf
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First and foremost, these money inn
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Stories There will also be stories
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1992, remarked. ‘I used to think
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to entirely computerize the traditi
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All four of these megatrends will b
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The following hard 'money question'
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important factor of production is b
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he or she would be ruthlessly punis
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Cardon Cartoon 'Remaining locked in
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system in our own bodies (see sideb
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Please note that none of the approa
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All four cameos are set in the year
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official national clearinghouse to
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With the growth in productivity tha
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hundred such grass-roots projects a
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Cathedrals' (the 'Central Middle Ag
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Without throwing away the positive
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But let us begin at the beginning,
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Less obvious is the mechanism of th
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The Arab scholar Ibn Khaldun claime
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Matters of belief and social conven
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paper that stated where the metal w
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and imagination, launched or comple
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What happened instead was a slow an
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arrangement has serious negative co
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anker has an additional veil. In th
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The story from Australia (see box)
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the eleventh round - as part of the
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A third systematic effect of intere
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ealistic possibilities for graduall
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Just one facet of it - the Internet
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the more of us have it. Government
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intervene in (or muck up, depending
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automatically to crowd out competit
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$29.95 CD ROM version of the game h
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paper books, a printer-binder - loc
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The real revolution of possibilitie
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In Open Finance, the financial inst
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'We can be knowledgeable with other
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They just evolved and ended up refl
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Peter Schwartz, president of the Gl
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with this Official Future is that i
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the remaining 5% will succeed at pe
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with him, perhaps because this was
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payment and phone call made with tr
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He continued, 'The turning point fo
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these cyber-terrorists. "Love it, o
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financial deal in history so far, a
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specialised issuing corporations wi
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their goods. CUC presents that info
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demographic, and transaction data H
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The most effective solution for avo
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· Since May 1998 in Berlin, German
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mysteries of the universe they live
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· However, there is also a growing
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will have enough money to run an el
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In 2WO, my folks moved to idaho to
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I think I'll try to take you to Eur
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Professor Robert Guttman of the Eco
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as a monetary problem in the late 1
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2020: The girl in the nightmare on
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parents. Most of them had either be
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what was left of his hair. The comb
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long as they could remember. Their
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Figure 4.5 shows that the number of
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that 23% failed to participate beca
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street in our cities could become a
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occurring. And they are not the onl
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the ride over the next couple of de
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This topic will be tackled by explo
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There are two ways by which our hea
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ecame competitive with the Third Wo
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ecause I was there at the beginning
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now to 2010, has focused on cutting
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that his factory workers could buy
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Page 159 and 160: Everybody takes a defensive positio
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Page 179 and 180: have this power should not amaze us
Page 181 and 182: In contrast, a complementary curren
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Page 187 and 188: David James, a Quaker from Whangare
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Page 217 and 218: In a world where pensioners are bec
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Furthermore, there is a growing con
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different reactions to the same com
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The US went one step further by hav
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2 Such improvements do not require
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The hard part of creating currency
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table should help in such a selecti
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is the ROCS, because it brings toge
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· 'Faced with widespread destructi
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We should start by acknowledging th
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the rate at which humanity destroys
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The importance of realigning financ
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ick wall with his forehead, he was
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duration of the project. (All value
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· and an adjustment reflecting the
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‘sustainability fee'. Now, what w
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(Note: the specific commodities, th
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just as today's decision of which n
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Revenue' in determining the demand
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as early as Pharaonic Egypt. It was
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therefore be fully backed, ensuring
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Such a strategy can be initiated as
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alliance among businesses would be
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The site was familiar - I could per
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dozens of names involved in Chaos a
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evolutionary step. Well, to us now
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other she wasn't. This amounted to
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circumstance. Convertibility among
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A Taoist viewpoint: All is about ba
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The Yin-Yang coherence I will now i
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Yang Yin Effects on Scarce/Competit
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competition among the participants
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Two important studies on Sustainabi
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The 'Cultural Creatives': the only
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knew each other. Ah of this was tru
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'Out of 88,000 practicing acupunctu
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This section will deal with the det
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will predictably kill the very inno
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My purpose in this book has been to
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1960s: Development of large-scale p
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each maturity only when a single cu
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2005: The last European holdout, Br
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1990’s: Age of corporate downsizi
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Both 'Mr Yamada's Retirement Plan'
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If Toffler is right, and if a monet
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This book delves into our collectiv
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'When I was young, I thought that m
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As the nation-states became the pow
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enterprises', a definition quite co
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usiness or consumer loans. This is
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A stock is a fraction of ownership
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perspective. Such volume amounts to
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whose values would be determined pr
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you know what you are doing, the re
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demonstrated time and again - from
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arrangements have made any signific
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developments in the currency market
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Stable or unstable, that is the que
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We started this Primer with the que
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Watutsi in Africa -'He is worth one
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national currencies); changes in ke
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Floating Exchange Rate: Rate at whi
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LETS: Acronym for Local Exchange Tr
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Scrip: Private currency usually ini
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