OECD Economic Outlook 69 - Biblioteca Hegoa

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Figure V.2. Evolution of the tax mix over time1 Figure V.2. Evolution of the tax mix over time
Per cent of GDP
1
Figure V.2. Evolution of the tax mix over time
Per cent of GDP
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Per cent of GDP
Social security and payroll taxes Taxes on personal income
Taxes on corporate income
Consumption taxes
1975 1990 1998 1965 1975 1990 1998
1965 1975 1990 1998 1965 1975 1990 1998
Declining tax ratios are currently being reported more widely across countries.
This largely reflects public expenditure trends, 6 although fiscal consolidation efforts
during the 1990s have implied that the success a number of countries have had in
reducing expenditure ratios has not yet been reflected in tax ratios that are actually falling.
Moreover, a favourable cyclical position has buoyed the tax take as a percentage of
GDP notwithstanding tax cuts implemented in a large number of countries.
6. See Atkinson and Van den Noord (2001).
Other taxes including property taxes
OECD2 European Union2 OECD2 European Union2 OECD2 European Union2 United States Japan
1. The breakdown of income tax into personal and corporate income tax is not fully comparable across countries. A cautious
interpretation of the numbers in Figure V.2 is called for. The split between personal and corporate income tax can be
misleading for two reasons. First, many OECD countries have some form of integration between corporate and personal
income taxes, so that a portion of corporate taxes are refunded to the shareholders as a reduction in personal income
tax. This is reflected i the statistics as a reduction in the revenue from personal income taxes, but it could be just as well
regarded as a reduction in corporate tax revenue. Second, OECD countries vary in the extent to which businesses are
incorporated. For example, German firms are much less likely to be incorporated than firms in the United States. This
means that Germany reports a much lower share of tax revenue coming from corporate income tax, even though the
taxes on business income have been higer overall.
2. Unweighted average.
Source: OECD, Revenue Statistics, 1965-1999.
Challenges for tax policy in OECD countries - 173
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© OECD 2001