Ambient Air quality Monitoring Guidlines. - Maharashtra Pollution ...

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Table No. References 161 LIST OF TABLES Title Page No. 2.1 Contribution of Air Pollution from Various Sources in Delhi (Source: MoEF, 1997) 4 2.2 Problem Areas in India 4 2.3 Percentage Violation of NAAQS (24-hourly Avg.) at Various Locations in Delhi. 8 4.1 Recommended Minimum Number of Stations , Population Wise ( Source: IS : 5182 (Part 14) , 2000) 19 4.2 Distribution of Sampling Stations (Source : WHO, 1977) 20 4.3 Recommended Criteria for Siting Monitoring Stations ( Source: IS 5182 (Part 14), 2000) 22 4.4 A Minimum Distance of the Sampler from Road for Measurement of Ozone and NOx (Source: ETC, Canada, 1995) 24 4.5 Operation and Maintenance cost of Monitoring Stations. 29 4.6 Capital Cost of Establishing Stations. 30 Figure No. LIST OF FIGURES Title Page No. 2.1 Correlation Between CO Levels and Percentage Calm Conditions in Delhi. 9 2.2 Monthly Average Concentrations ( 1995 – 2001) of SPM at BSZ Marg, New Delhi. 10 2.3 Monthly Average Concentrations of RSPM ( 1995 – 2001) at BSZ Marg, New Delhi. 11 2.4 Trend in Annual Average Concentration of Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter in Delhi. 11 3.1 Growth of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations under NAMP. 14 3.2 State-wise Distribution of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations under NAMP. 15 5.1 Flow Chart for Approach to Achieving Accuracy of Analytical Results. 34 5.2 Ring Test Facility 38 5.3 Static Volumetric Dilution 39 56
Annexure No. LIST OF ANNEXURES Title Page No. I National Ambient Air Quality Standards 48 II Measurement Methods of Air Pollutants 49 1. Air Sampling – Gaseous 49 2. Measurement of Meteorological Parameters 56 3. Determination of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Atmosphere (High Volume Method) 67 4. Measurement of Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10) in Ambient Air (Cyclonic Flow Technique) 78 5. Determination of Sulphur Dioxide in Air (Modified West and Gaeke Method) 85 6. Continuous Measurement of Sulphur Dioxide – 96 7. Ultraviolet Fluorescence Method Continuous Measurement of Carbon Monoxide – Non- Dispersive Infrared Spectrometry Method 105 8. Determination of Nitrogen Dioxide in the Atmosphere 119 9. Continuous Measurement of Oxides of Nitrogen in Ambient Air by Chemiluminescence 128 10. Determination of Ozone in the Atmosphere 140 11. Continuous Measurement of Ozone in the Atmosphere by Ultraviolet Photometric Instruments 146 III Format for Reporting Data 156 57
Page 1 and 2:
1.0 INTRODUCTION Air pollutants are
Page 3 and 4:
The Central Pollution Control Board
Page 5 and 6: S.No. Problem Area Type of Industry
Page 7 and 8: (viii) High population exodus to th
Page 9 and 10: a) Seasonal Variation in Carbon Mon
Page 11 and 12: Concentration (µg/m 3 ) 2.2.3 Long
Page 13 and 14: 3.2 National Air Monitoring Program
Page 15 and 16: Number of Monitoring Stations 40 35
Page 17 and 18: 4.0 GUIDELINES FOR MONITORING For s
Page 19 and 20: The variability of pollutant concen
Page 21 and 22: areas, traffic intersections etc. O
Page 23 and 24: Station Type Description Type C Res
Page 25 and 26: available then monitoring of specif
Page 27 and 28: manpower and needs to be calibrated
Page 29 and 30: averaging should be done and plotte
Page 31 and 32: necessary to readjust the position
Page 33 and 34: 5.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY C
Page 35 and 36: (a) Inter Laboratory Proficiency Te
Page 37 and 38: 2. Infrastructure for conducting In
Page 39 and 40: ZERO GAS VALVE PRESSURE REGULATOR (
Page 41 and 42: is to assess its ability to perform
Page 43 and 44: The mixing ratio of O3 (ppb) must n
Page 45 and 46: (vi) Lack of Dedicated Manpower If
Page 47 and 48: Site staff must be trained so that
Page 50 and 51: NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITO
Page 52 and 53: Delhi - 110 032 e-mail : cpcb@alpha
Page 54 and 55: FOREWORD Under the Air (Prevention
Page 58 and 59: 3.0 INTRODUCTION Air pollutants are
Page 60 and 61: The Central Pollution Control Board
Page 62 and 63: S.No. Problem Area Type of Industry
Page 64 and 65: (viii) High population exodus to th
Page 66 and 67: Monthly average of CO measured at B
Page 68 and 69: Concentration (µg/m 3 ) 2.2.3 Long
Page 70 and 71: 3.2 National Air Monitoring Program
Page 72 and 73: Number of Monitoring Stations 40 35
Page 74 and 75: 4.0 GUIDELINES FOR MONITORING For s
Page 76 and 77: The data requirements, which are re
Page 78 and 79: their levels and determine trends.
Page 80 and 81: Station Type Description traffic vo
Page 82 and 83: Criteria for SO2 Measurements Sourc
Page 84 and 85: calibration parameters change. Meas
Page 86 and 87: The following must be followed for
Page 88 and 89: changed in inclement weather. Set t
Page 90 and 91: 5.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY C
Page 92 and 93: (a) Inter Laboratory Proficiency Te
Page 94 and 95: The primary requirement for conduct
Page 96 and 97: ZERO GAS VALVE PRESSURE REGULATOR (
Page 98 and 99: is to assess its ability to perform
Page 100 and 101: The mixing ratio of O3 (ppb) must n
Page 102 and 103: (xiii) Lack of Dedicated Manpower I
Page 104 and 105: laboratory staff must be trained so
Page 106 and 107:
1. AIR SAMPLING - GASEOUS 1.0 TITLE
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52 Fig. 1 Sampling Train
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54 Fig. 4 Critical Orifice Device
Page 112 and 113:
the pollutant and accordingly selec
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contracts with change in humidity.
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and temperature has been set down i
Page 118 and 119:
The impulse frequency emitted is pr
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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM - 1 64
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FIG. 1 (a) CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 66
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3. DETERMINATION OF SUSPENDED PARTI
Page 126 and 127:
measurement precision dominates at
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6.4.4 Equilibration Rack - This rac
Page 130 and 131:
Receive Filters, inspect (light tab
Page 132 and 133:
of the face-plate. Look underneath
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Atmosphere". Federal Register, 52 F
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5.0 INTERFERENCES 5.1 Passive Depos
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6.4.4 Numbering Machine - Though fi
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chain-of-the custody log-book and o
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5. DETERMINATION OF SULPHUR DIOXIDE
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88 FIG. 1.0 SO2 SAMPLING TRAIN
Page 146 and 147:
The wavelength calibration of the i
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(ii) The absorbance of the reagent
Page 150 and 151:
pipe cleaner after use. If, the tem
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(A - Ao) (10 3 ) (B) C = ----------
Page 154 and 155:
Then the air sample flows into a re
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integral part of the apparatus, or
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6.4 Pressure Regulator The output s
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FIG. 2 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF A CALIB
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7. CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF CARBON
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6.0 APPARATUS 6.1 NDIR Analyser - f
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BLOWER SAMPLE INLET PORT FOUR WAY V
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Maintain the same sample cell flow
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14.0 CALIBRATION PROCEDURE 14.1 Ana
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connected to the output manifold, t
Page 174 and 175:
FIG. 3 MULTIPLE CYLINDER CALIBRATIO
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(Nondispersive Infrared Spectrometr
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5.0 INTERFERENCES 5.1 Nitric oxide
Page 180 and 181:
7.1.6 Air Pump - Capable of maintai
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9.1.3.2 Solution B - Pipet 25 ml of
Page 184 and 185:
9.4.7 A randomly selected 5-10% of
Page 186 and 187:
9. CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF OXIDES
Page 188 and 189:
8.0 APPARATUS 8.1 Chemiluminescene
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SAMPLE INLET PUMP AIR DRYER OZONE G
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FIG. 3 CALIBRATION SYSTEM COMPONENT
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10.3.1 Flow Conditions - Insure tha
Page 196 and 197:
ates constant. For each calibration
Page 198 and 199:
10. DETERMINATION OF OZONE IN THE A
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7.0 APPARATUS 7.1 Sampling Probe -
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9.4 Blank Correction - Measure the
Page 204 and 205:
11. CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF OZONE
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FIG. 1 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF A TYPIC
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8.2 Air Inlet Filter - A Teflon fil
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9.0 REAGENTS 9.1 Purity - All reage
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Where : Ozone Conc.CTA = the ozone
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1. AIR SAMPLING - GASEOUS 1.0 TITLE
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55 Fig. 1 Sampling Train
Page 218 and 219:
57 Fig. 4 Critical Orifice Device
Page 220 and 221:
the pollutant and accordingly selec
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(iii) Technical Data Measuring rang
Page 224 and 225:
3.1.3 Wind Speed Temperature measur
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(v) Preparation for Use (a) Selecti
Page 228 and 229:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM - 1 67
Page 230 and 231:
FIG. 1 (a) CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 69
Page 232 and 233:
3. DETERMINATION OF SUSPENDED PARTI
Page 234 and 235:
measurement precision dominates at
Page 236 and 237:
6.4.4 Equilibration Rack - This rac
Page 238 and 239:
Receive Filters, inspect (light tab
Page 240 and 241:
of the face-plate. Look underneath
Page 242 and 243:
Atmosphere". Federal Register, 52 F
Page 244 and 245:
5.0 INTERFERENCES 5.1 Passive Depos
Page 246 and 247:
6.4.4 Numbering Machine - Though fi
Page 248 and 249:
chain-of-the custody log-book and o
Page 250 and 251:
5. DETERMINATION OF SULPHUR DIOXIDE
Page 252 and 253:
91 FIG. 1.0 SO2 SAMPLING TRAIN
Page 254 and 255:
The wavelength calibration of the i
Page 256 and 257:
(ii) The absorbance of the reagent
Page 258 and 259:
pipe cleaner after use. If, the tem
Page 260 and 261:
(A - Ao) (10 3 ) (B) C = ----------
Page 262 and 263:
Then the air sample flows into a re
Page 264 and 265:
integral part of the apparatus, or
Page 266 and 267:
6.4 Pressure Regulator The output s
Page 268 and 269:
FIG. 2 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF A CALIB
Page 270 and 271:
7. CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF CARBON
Page 272 and 273:
6.0 APPARATUS 6.2 NDIR Analyser - f
Page 274 and 275:
BLOWER SAMPLE INLET PORT FOUR WAY V
Page 276 and 277:
Maintain the same sample cell flow
Page 278 and 279:
14.0 CALIBRATION PROCEDURE 14.1 Ana
Page 280 and 281:
connected to the output manifold, t
Page 282 and 283:
FIG. 3 MULTIPLE CYLINDER CALIBRATIO
Page 284 and 285:
(Nondispersive Infrared Spectrometr
Page 286 and 287:
5.0 INTERFERENCES 5.1 Nitric oxide
Page 288 and 289:
7.1.6 Air Pump - Capable of maintai
Page 290 and 291:
9.1.3.2 Solution B - Pipet 25 ml of
Page 292 and 293:
9.4.7 A randomly selected 5-10% of
Page 294 and 295:
9. CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF OXIDES
Page 296 and 297:
9.0 APPARATUS 8.1 Chemiluminescene
Page 298 and 299:
SAMPLE INLET PUMP AIR DRYER OZONE G
Page 300 and 301:
FIG. 3 CALIBRATION SYSTEM COMPONENT
Page 302 and 303:
10.6.1 Flow Conditions - Insure tha
Page 304 and 305:
ates constant. For each calibration
Page 306 and 307:
10. DETERMINATION OF OZONE IN THE A
Page 308 and 309:
7.0 APPARATUS 7.1 Sampling Probe -
Page 310 and 311:
9.4 Blank Correction - Measure the
Page 312 and 313:
11. CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF OZONE
Page 314 and 315:
FIG. 1 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF A TYPIC
Page 316 and 317:
8.2 Air Inlet Filter - A Teflon fil
Page 318 and 319:
9.0 REAGENTS 9.3 Purity - All reage
Page 320 and 321:
Where : Ozone Conc.CTA = the ozone
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