Ambient Air quality Monitoring Guidlines. - Maharashtra Pollution ...

4.0 AIR POLLUTION PROBLEM IN INDIA
Air pollution in India is mainly caused from three sources namely vehicles, industrial and
domestic sources. The air pollution is mainly concentrated in following three areas
(i) Major Cities: The problem of air pollution is in major cities where the prominent
source of air pollution is vehicles and small/medium scale industries. These cities
include Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Pune,
Kanpur etc. A study carried out in Delhi shows the contribution of industrial (including
thermal power plants), vehicular and domestic sources of pollution to the ambient air in
Delhi as follows (Table 2.1, Source: MoEF, 1997).
Table 2.1 Contribution of air pollution from various sources in Delhi (Source
MoEF, 1997)
Source 1970-71 1980-81 1990-91 2000-01
(Projected)
Industrial 56% 40% 29% 20%
Vehicular 23% 42% 64% 72%
Domestic 21% 18% 7% 8%
(ii) Critically Polluted Areas: 24 critically polluted areas have been identified in India
where the problem of pollution exists. These areas are as follows:
Table 2.2 : Problem Areas in India
S.No. Problem Area Type of Industry
25 Singrauli Power Plants, Mining, Aluminium Industry.
26 Korba Power Plants, Aluminium Industry, Mining.
27 Vapi Chemical Industries.
28 Ankaleshwar Chemical Industries.
29 Greater Cochin Oil Refineries, Chemical, Metallurgical Industries
30 Visakhapatnam
31 Howrah
Oil Refinery, Chemical, Steel Plants.
Foundry, Rerolling Mills
32 Durgapur Chemical Industries, Power Plants, Steel Plants .
33 Manali Oil Refineries, Chemical Industry, Fertilizer
Industry
34 Chembur Refineries, Power Plant, Fertilizer Industry.
35 Mandi Gobindgarh Secondary Steel Industry
36 Dhanbad Mining, Coke Oven
37 Pali Cotton Textile, Dyeing
61