Evaluation of Electric Vehicles as an Alternative for Work Trip and ...

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1996 Charge-State Graph Electric Commuter Vehicle Evaluation in Connecticut 1996 Bar Chart of Battery Discharge & Recharge Cycles Bar chart shows battery-pack recharge and discharge levels diminishing over time. This bar chart covers the period from before delivery of the vehicle for use in the 1996 Tour del Sol to July 15, 1996. Battery cycle numbers are represented on the X-axis. Odd numbers represent battery discharges (driving the car), and are followed by the even numbered cycles of recharges. The technician loaded the battery management system with 110 cycles of battery history from another system. Actual data from CT:EV1 starts at cycle 111. A battery recharge level of 82% was achieved for most cycles from number 111 through 187. Partial charging took place occasionally. Interestingly, a nearly complete recharge occurred twice, in cycles 111 and 113, which was during the manufacturer's vehicle-test period (before delivery). It is not known why the maximum recharge level dropped to 82% in cycle 115. The battery management system reportedly subtracts about 20 points from the recharge-level statistic and displays the remainder on the dashboard instrumentation. Therefore, a 62% level that the driver sees is actually an 82% recharge level. Using this approach, the driver of CT:EV-1 receives the "HALT" warning (level=0%) from the dashboard instrument readout when approximately 20% of capacity remains. This is sufficient power to drive approximately 20 miles at moderate-to-low speeds before the battery is considered completely discharged. The diminished battery capacity occurred in distinct steps, always downward as though it were a ratchet . Drops occurred after discharge cycles 188, 210, and 246. More detailed information on these events is presented on the previous page. Return to previous page for more details. Return to Home Page. Connecticut Department of Transportation, Bureau of Engineering and Highway Operations, Division of Research http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/JSime_ConnDOT/Barchar!.htm [12/26/1999 12:31:45 PM]
ALAB Car Photos in 1996 & 1997 Electric Commuter Vehicle Evaluation in Connecticut The 1994 1/2 Production Electric Vehicle has been driven in three (3) American Tour de Sol events. On display at the 1997 American Tour de Sol in Waterbury, Connecticut. The car is equipped with Electrosource Horizon advanced lead-acid batteries, Mentzer 220 volt charging system and the Badicheq computerized battery management system. A pack of thirteen batteries powers the car. The Horizon is a valve-regulated advanced lead acid battery. Inside are lead-fiberglass wire woven into lightweight mesh. The mesh is coated with an electrochemical paste. The design uses a starved electrolyte system and gas recombination. They are maintenance free, spill-proof, and can be mounted in any position. Battery attributes are: rapid recharge, long cycle life, high peak power (450-500 W/kg, 30 seconds @ 50% Depth of Discharge (DOD), terminal limited), 85 Ah capacity, 41 Wh/kg, http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/JSime_ConnDOT/picture!.htm (1 of 2) [12/26/1999 12:32:45 PM]
Page 1 and 2:
Evaluation of Electric Vehicles as
Page 3 and 4:
Executive Summary This research pre
Page 5 and 6:
Disclaimer The contents of this rep
Page 7 and 8:
Acknowledgements (continued) The au
Page 9 and 10:
Table of Contents viii Page Title P
Page 11 and 12:
List of Figures (continued) FIGURE
Page 13 and 14: Background Evaluation of Electric V
Page 15 and 16: eyond 60 mpd. In the 30-59 mpd grou
Page 17 and 18: annual weeklong event in the Northe
Page 19 and 20: 80 mile range EV (CT Reg. #EV-1) po
Page 21 and 22: The 1995 EVs in our project all had
Page 23 and 24: demonstration-project requirements,
Page 25 and 26: Distance (miles) 50 45 40 35 30 25
Page 27 and 28: The graph was produced by the batte
Page 29 and 30: 95 Ah ALAB delivered 79 cycles duri
Page 31 and 32: the state-of-art ALAB car. All of t
Page 33 and 34: Distance (miles) 120 100 80 60 40 2
Page 35 and 36: the pack; followed by 4-4.5 hours u
Page 37 and 38: is 65 mph. One 1.4-mile stretch has
Page 39 and 40: within the 70 percent DOD limit. We
Page 41 and 42: eplacement battery registers 1.8 V/
Page 43 and 44: this car/battery configuration with
Page 45 and 46: In table 2 we are reporting the sin
Page 47 and 48: Rideshare provided data from both t
Page 49 and 50: 50 Ah CSLAB-powered Electric Subcom
Page 51 and 52: The project successfully assembled
Page 53 and 54: References 1. Berg, Mark R., “The
Page 55 and 56: Electric Commuter Vehicle Evaluatio
Page 57 and 58: 1996 ATdS Daily Recordof Performanc
Page 59 and 60: 1996 ATdS Range Day: 141-mile drive
Page 61 and 62: 1996 Post ATdS Performance Battery
Page 63: 1996 Analysis of ALAB Failure Elect
Page 67 and 68: 1997 ATdS Results & Data Electric C
Page 69 and 70: 1997 ATdS Results & Data Discharge
Page 71 and 72: 1997 ATdS Results & Data Friday Dis
Page 73 and 74: Grade-clinbing Limits of ALAB Car C
Page 75 and 76: Preparations for 1997 American Tour
Page 77 and 78: 1997 PostATdS the Goodyear Aqua tre
Page 83 and 84: 1998 ATdS Results & Data Data for c
Page 87 and 88: 1998 PostATdS ● ● ● 18, and 1
Page 89 and 90: ALAB Car Evaluation Completed ●
Page 91 and 92: VEHICLE WEIGHT IATF personnel weigh
Page 93 and 94: The 1.6 km (1 mile) urban circuit p
Page 95: energy management system to work pr
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