Technology Status Report: In Situ Flushing - CLU-IN

In Situ Flushing Project Summaries
GWRTAC Case Study Database
GWRTAC ID: FLSH0035
Project Name: Picatinny Arsenal, NJ
City: Picatinny Arsenal State/Province: NJ
Primary GWRTAC Personal
Communication Source
(Name/Organization):
Project Summary:
Jim Smith
University of Virginia
Report(s)/Publication(s) (GWRTAC Source):
Ground-Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center (GWRTAC), 1996:
Surfactants/Cosolvents, Technology Evaluation Report TE-96-02, Dr. Chad T. Jafvert, Purdue
University, for GWRTAC, Pittsburgh, PA, December 1996, available at www.gwrtac.org
Rice University, 1997: Technology Practices Manual for Surfactants and Cosolvents, Rice
University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005-1892, February 1997
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), April 1995: Status Report: Surfactant
Enhancements, EPA 542-K-94-003, U.S. EPA OSWER (5102W), TIO, Washington, DC, available
at www.gwrtac.org.
The following was excerpted from Ground-Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center
(GWRTAC), 1996: Surfactants/Cosolvents, Technology Evaluation Report TE-96-02, Dr. Chad T.
Jafvert, Purdue University, for GWRTAC, Pittsburgh, PA, December 1996, available at
www.gwrtac.org and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and April 1995: Status Report:
Surfactant Enhancements, EPA 542-K-94-003, U.S. EPA OSWER (5102W), TIO, Washington, DC:
The Picatinny Arsenal is a USGS National Research Site, having been selected as such in 1986.
The site is located on a golf course. At Picatinny Arsenal, TCE was used for years as degreasing
solvent, and contaminated the sand and gravel aquifer at concentrations of about 1 to 5 mg/kg with
aqueous phase concentrations of 1 to 5 mg/L. The water table is ten feet below the ground
surface. A ten to 15 feet thick lower confining unit is 50 feet below the surface. A pump and treat
system was installed as an interim remedy at this Superfund site; wells are installed to a depth of
approximately 20 feet above the confining layer. For this project, surfactants were injected to
cause desorption of TCE from soil and the increase of TCE levels in groundwater were monitored.
The treatment area for the small-scale field test was 60 x 20 feet. The test site is upgradient from
the existing pump and treat system; pump and treat systems thus removed the surfactant and
TCE.
Previous laboratory work was completed to determine type and concentration of optimum
surfactant to use for flushing pilot project. Wells were installed and tracer tests conducted to
confirm hydraulic control of test area. Three injection wells, 10 ft apart, were installed
perpendicular to the natural gradient and tangential to the pump-and-treat extraction well,
approximately 100 yards down-gradient. One monitoring well is located 30 ft up-gradient and three
monitoring wells located down-gradient at 10 ft intervals from the injection wells. Clean water was
Ground-Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center
Operated by Concurrent Technologies Corporation
Appendix - Page 71 of 164
Copyright GWRTAC 1998
Revision 1
Tuesday, November 17, 1998