Technology Status Report: In Situ Flushing - CLU-IN

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In Situ Flushing Project Summaries GWRTAC Case Study Database Researchers have proposals in to DOE and DOD for further tests of both in situ and ex situ systems. Report(s)/Publication(s) (Additional Information Sources): Clarke, Ann N., Oma, Kenton H., Megehee, Maria M., and Wilson, David J. "Soil Cleanup by Surfactant Recycle Washing II." Separation Science and Technology 28 (13-14) October 1993, p 2103-2135. Oma, K.H., Clarke, A.N., Megehee, M.M., Mutch, R.D. and Wilson, D.J. "Pilot-Scale Surfactant Flushing Test Results with PCB-Contaminated Soil" Proceedings of an ACS Conference on Emerging Technologies for Hazardous Waste Management, Atlanta, GA, September 21-23, 1992. Oma, Kenton H., Clarke, Ann N., Megehee, Maria M., and Wilson, David J. "Soil Cleanup by Surfactant Washing III." Separation Science and Technology 28 (15-16) November 1993, p. 2319- 2349. Underwood, Julie L., Debelak, Kenneth A., Wilson, David J., and Means, Jennifer M. "Soil Cleanup by In Situ Surfactant Flushing V. "Separation Science and Technology 28 (8), May 1993, p. 1527- 1537. Underwood, Julie L., Debelak, Kenneth A., and Wilson, David J. "Soil Cleanup by Surfactant Washing VI. "Separation Science and Technology 28 (9), July 1993, p. 1647-1669 U.S. Enivronmental Protection Agency (EPA), April 1995: Status Report: Surfactant Enhancements, EPA 542-K-94-003, U.S. EPA OSWER (5102W), Technology Innovation Office, Washington, DC, available at www.gwrtac.org. Ground-Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center Operated by Concurrent Technologies Corporation Appendix - Page 20 of 164 Copyright GWRTAC 1998 Revision 1 Tuesday, November 17, 1998
In Situ Flushing Project Summaries GWRTAC Case Study Database GWRTAC ID: FLSH0011 Project Name: Estrie Region Machine Shop, Quebec, CA City: Quebec City State/Province: QC Primary GWRTAC Personal Communication Source (Name/Organization): Project Summary: Charles Boulanger GSI Environnement Report(s)/Publication(s) (GWRTAC Source): Ground-Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center (GWRTAC), 1996: Technology Evaluation Report TE-96-002, Surfactants/Cosolvents, Dr. Chad T. Jafvert, Purdue University, GWRTAC, 320 William Pitt Way, Pittsburgh, PA, available at www.gwrtac.org Rice University, 1997: Technology Practices Manual for Surfactants and Cosolvents, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005-1892, February 1997 GSI Environnement (formerly Ecosite, Inc.), 965 Newton Ave., Office 270, Québec City, Qc. Canada G1P 4M4, Marketing Information The following was excerpted from Ground-Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center (GWRTAC), 1996: Technology Evaluation Report TE-96-002, Surfactants/Cosolvents, Dr. Chad T. Jafvert, Purdue University, GWRTAC, 320 William Pitt Way, Pittsburgh, PA, available at www.gwrtac.org, and Rice University, 1997: Technology Practices Manual for Surfactants and Cosolvents, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005-1892, February 1997, which cites Ross, et al., 1996: "During the fall and winter of 1993-94, Ecosites Inc. in Quebec City started the in situ restoration of contaminated soil under a machine shop building. The contamination was cutting oil extended from 6 to 14 feet (1.83-4.27 m) beneath the concrete slab. This represents a volume of 2350 cu. yd. (1,800 m3) of oil laden soils with concentrations reaching 200,000 ppm (mg/kg). Moreover, a freefloating product phase of hydrocarbon reaching 3 feet (~ 1 m) in free thickness was observed." The watertable was at approximately 3 m BGS. The hydraulic conductivity was 10-4 cm/sec. 400 injection-extraction wells were installed in 3 distinct zones: A peripheral network to hydraulically isolate the contamination, a second zone used only to extract the oils and washing solutions, and a third zone which was used both to inject and extract material. The extract was processed on-site in a wastewater treatment system. Laboratory feasibility trials were performed to: select the surfactant, evaluate biodegradability and toxicity of wash solutions, and plan hydraulic controls. A computerized system for data acquisition was installed to monitor ground-water movement. "A total of 157.5 metric tons (160,000 kg) of oil has been extracted from the subsoil in less than 110 days of operation. During 20 days in the fall 1993 and another 30 days during the winter 1994, 8,270 gallons (37,600 liters) of free oil were recovered. and the sludge in the water treatment system trapped the equivalent of 2,090 gallons (9,500 liters) of oil. The second cycle consisted of Ground-Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center Operated by Concurrent Technologies Corporation Appendix - Page 21 of 164 Copyright GWRTAC 1998 Revision 1 Tuesday, November 17, 1998
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Technology Status Report Technology
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ABSTRACT This technology status rep
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LIST OF TABLES Table Title Page 1 I
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1.0 INTRODUCTION / PURPOSE OF STATU
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a laboratory-scale project. As illu
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3.1 Flushing Solutions 3.0 ANALYSIS
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(approximately eight) full-scale pr
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Table 1. In Situ Flushing - Summary
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Page 19 and 20: Table 1. In Situ Flushing - Summary
Page 21 and 22: Table 3 In Situ Flushing - Geology
Page 27 and 28: Table 4 In Situ Flushing - Recovere
Page 33 and 34: Full-Scale/Commercial 26% Figure 2.
Page 35 and 36: Site Remediation 25% Figure 4. In S
Page 37 and 38: NAPL Removal 34% Figure 6. In Situ
Page 39 and 40: Figure 8. In Situ Flushing - Distri
Page 41 and 42: Number of Projects 35 30 25 20 15 1
Page 43 and 44: Number of Case Studies 45 40 35 30
Page 45 and 46: 25 ft and 50 ft and 10 ft and 100 f
Page 47 and 48: Unconfined Aquifer 65% Figure 16. I
Page 49 and 50: In Situ Flushing Project Summaries
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Technology Status Report: In Situ Flushing - CLU-IN

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