Technology Status Report: In Situ Flushing - CLU-IN

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In Situ Flushing Project Summaries GWRTAC Case Study Database Oolman, T., Godard, S.T., Pope, G.A., Jin, M., and Kirchner, K. 1995. "DNAPL Flow Behavior in a Contaminated Aquifer: Evaluation of Field Data," Journal of Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation, Vol. 15, No. 4. Rice University, The Center for Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering The University of Texas, and Duke Engineering & Services Company (formerly Intera), 1997: "AATDF Surfactant/Foam Process for Aquifer Remediation", Prepared for AATDF, Rice University, Houston, TX., November 1997. Rice University, 1997: Technology Practices Manual for Surfactants and Cosolvents, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005-1892, February 1997 Ground-Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center Operated by Concurrent Technologies Corporation Appendix - Page 114 of 164 Copyright GWRTAC 1998 Revision 1 Tuesday, November 17, 1998
In Situ Flushing Project Summaries GWRTAC Case Study Database GWRTAC ID: FLSH0056 Project Name: Hill Air Force Base (Cell 4, OU 1 - Cyclodextrin Solubilization) City: Layton State/Province: UT Primary GWRTAC Personal Communication Source (Name/Organization): Project Summary: Jon Ginn U.S. Air Force Report(s)/Publication(s) (GWRTAC Source): Rice University, 1997: Technology Practices Manual for Surfactants and Cosolvents, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005-1892, February 1997 The following text was excerpted from Rice University, 1997: Technology Practices Manual for Surfactants and Cosolvents, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005-1892, February 1997 and Ground-Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center (GWRTAC), 1996: Surfactants / Cosolvents,Technology Evaluation Report TE-96-002, Chad T. Jafvert, Purdue University, for GWRTAC, Pittsburgh, PA, December 1996, available at www.gwrtac.org: Hill AFB Operational Unit 1 (OU1) consists of two fire training areas, two chemical disposal pits, and two landfills. The primary contaminant is LNAPL (light lubricating oils, jet fuel). At OU1, the design of each test is process dependent, however, each test cell (of nine test constructed test cells) that will undergo some type of flushing is basically the same. Each cell is constructed of sheet piling driven into a clay layer approximately 30 feet below the surface, each occupying a rectangular surface area of 3 m x 5 m. The sheet piling has inter-locking grout-sealed joints to hydraulically isolate the cell from its surroundings. This type of containment is sometimes referred to as a Waterloo Barrier system. The poorly sorted sand and gravel aquifer is approximately 15 to 20 ft below the surface to the clay aquitard. Four injection and three extraction wells are located on the opposite 3 m sides of each cell. Well screens are variable from the clay layer to above the water table. In the interior are 12 evenly spaced sampling wells, each with nested ports at 5 vertical depths. The saturated zone pore volume (PV) within each cell is variable from 1,000 to 2,500 gallons per cell. The hydraulic conductivity of the saturated potion of the upper sand and gravel unit at OU1 is 10-1 to 10-2 cm/sec based on aquifer test data, and 10-2 to 10-5 cm/sec based on slug test data. For all of the flushing experiments (those with surfactants, cosolvents, and cyclodexdrin), the flushing rate will be approximately one pore volume per day. Prior to and after treatment of each cell, a partitioning tracer test has or will be performed. The mix of tracers will be designed according to the expected volume of NAPL within the cell before and after treatment. Among the tracers, hexanol and dimethylpentanol may be included. For the test at Cell 6, OU 1, a field trial was conducted using a complexing sugar solution, beginning in summer 1996. Ten pore volumes of a 10 wt% Hydroxypropyl-B-Cyclodextrin (HPCD) solution were cycled through a 5 m by 3 m test cell. The mass removal mechanism envisioned is entrapment and transport of dissolved NAPL consituents within the HPCD molecule. This mechanism would provide enhanced NAPL solubility. As of February 1997, analysis of the data collected was underway. Formal documentation of results is anticipated in 1997. Ground-Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center Operated by Concurrent Technologies Corporation Appendix - Page 115 of 164 Copyright GWRTAC 1998 Revision 1 Tuesday, November 17, 1998
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Technology Status Report Technology
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ABSTRACT This technology status rep
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LIST OF TABLES Table Title Page 1 I
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1.0 INTRODUCTION / PURPOSE OF STATU
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a laboratory-scale project. As illu
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3.1 Flushing Solutions 3.0 ANALYSIS
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(approximately eight) full-scale pr
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Table 1. In Situ Flushing - Summary
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Table 3 In Situ Flushing - Geology
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Table 4 In Situ Flushing - Recovere
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Full-Scale/Commercial 26% Figure 2.
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Site Remediation 25% Figure 4. In S
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NAPL Removal 34% Figure 6. In Situ
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Figure 8. In Situ Flushing - Distri
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Number of Projects 35 30 25 20 15 1
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Number of Case Studies 45 40 35 30
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25 ft and 50 ft and 10 ft and 100 f
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Unconfined Aquifer 65% Figure 16. I
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In Situ Flushing Project Summaries
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Technology Status Report: In Situ Flushing - CLU-IN

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