Schirmer Encyclopedia of Film

PREFACE
subject in English. In a few instances books or articles published in languages other than
English are mentioned where appropriate. For the most part, references to Internet sources
are not included, because of their more fleeting nature, except where appropriate.
The sidebars—highlighting important individual accomplishments—are color-coded
to indicate broadly the type of achievement discussed. Sidebars for actors and performers
are shaded in green, directors in blue, and those involved in other aspects of film
production in yellow. People whose influence has been more culturally pervasive and
not restricted primarily to cinema, are shaded in tan.
Each of the sidebars is followed by headings for Recommended Viewing and Further
Reading. The viewing sections are not complete filmographies but suggest the best, most
representative, or most useful works concerning the person profiled. Similarly, the reading
lists are not meant as definitive lists but are intended to steer the reader by citing the
principal sources of information regarding the subject.
The Encyclopedia also features an Index and a Glossary. The comprehensive index,
including all topics, concepts, names, and terms discussed in the work, will enable readers
to locate information throughout the Encyclopedia in a more thorough manner than crossreferences
provided at the end of entries. Readers should use the Glossary to track subjects
not treated in separate articles but discussed within the context of multiple articles. The
Glossary provides concise definitions of terms used in the entries as well as other basic film
studies terms that informed readers should know.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The Editor-in-Chief wishes to thank all of the contributors for their expertise and
professionalism. The Editorial Advisory Board, consisting of Professors David Desser,
Jim Hillier, and Janet Staiger, provided invaluable editorial guidance. Nevertheless, the
realization of this Encyclopedia would not have been possible without the expertise and
tireless efforts of Mike Tyrkus, Senior Content Project Editor at Thomson Gale and
Project Coordinator for the Schirmer Encyclopedia of Film, who, among other duties,
coordinated the submission and copyediting of the work of the 150 contributing scholars
from nearly twenty countries whose writings comprise these pages.
Barry Keith Grant
X SCHIRMER ENCYCLOPEDIA OF FILM