Stefan Wirtz Vom Fachbereich VI (Geographie/Geowissenschaften ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Experimentelle Rinnenerosionsforschung vs. Modellkonzepte – Quantifizierung der hydraulischen und erosiven Wirksamkeit von Rinnen The used parameters show a wide range of data. In most cases (12 of 19), the standard deviation is higher than the mean values, the highest standard deviation – mean - percentage reaches the transport capacity (224 %), the effective stream power (188.9 %), the sediment concentration (168.3 %) and detachment and transport rate (both 150 %). The lowest percentage is calculated for sample density (0.5 %). All initial data are presented in supporting information tables S1-S18 and the statistical values of the data in table 3. Table 3 Statistical values of the initial data. Maximum Minimum Mean Standard Deviation Percentage from Mean SSC [g L -1 ] 422.30 0.001 52.15 87.78 168.3 D R [kg s -1 m -2 ] 0.96 0.001 0.10 0.15 150.0 T R [lg s -1 ] 2.06 0.001 0.16 0.24 150.0 р [g cm -3 ] 1.26 1.00 1.03 0.005 0.5 Slope [°] 24.50 1.70 9.73 6.90 70.9 T C [kg s -1 ] 3.38 0.001 0.25 0.56 224.0 v [m s -1 ] 2.94 0.04 0.79 0.49 62.0 η [kg s -1 m -1 ] 0.00311 0.00100 0.00126 0.00044 34.9 Water depth [cm] 21.00 0.20 3.99 4.23 106.0 A [cm²] 877.69 0.80 149.21 195.84 131.3 W P [cm] 107.58 4.85 38.21 24.16 63.2 R [cm] 9.65 0.10 2.92 2.12 72.6 τ [Pa] 246.70 0.96 52.38 55.18 105.3 Г [N m -1 ] 172.58 0.10 23.99 35.10 146.3 ω [W m -2 ] 365.28 0.31 41.54 55.91 134.6 ω U [m s -1 ] 0.88 0.001 0.14 0.17 121.4 ω eff [W m -1 ] 37864.55 5.81 3807.14 7192.32 188.9 Re [ ] 86918.88 237.00 19053.94 16226.56 85.2 τ - τ cr [Pa] 244.73 -1.46 49.89 55.11 110.5 3.2 Dynamic viscosity The measured liquid's dynamic viscosities show a clear correlation to sediment concentration (see figure 2), and increases with sediment concentration. Visible deviations from the trend line were noted in samples with low sediment concentrations, which were often rich on transported organic material. The small branchlets with low weight implicate a low sediment concentration, but in rheometer measurements, they tilt and a high shear stress is erroneously measured. The trend line equation has been calculated for samples from different test sites, the R²-value of 0.92 indicates that this equation can be used for further experiments. 189
Experimentelle Rinnenerosionsforschung vs. Modellkonzepte – Quantifizierung der hydraulischen und erosiven Wirksamkeit von Rinnen Figure 2 Correlation between sediment concentration and the dynamic viscosity 3.3 Correlations between detachment rate and hydraulic parameters The correlations between the detachment rate and different hydraulic parameters show the complete possible range from R² = 0 up to R² = 0.99 (see Table 4). Trend lines are increasing, decreasing and about constant, it is not possible to find any clear regularity. Only 40 of 252 correlations (about 16 %) show an increasing trend line with an R² value ≥ 0.7. The highest average R²-value is calculated for the (τ-τ cr ) – detachment rate - relationship if all R² values are used (0.53), if only the R²- values with increasing trend line are considered in calculation, the τ – detachment rate relationship shows the highest average R² (0.55). Separating the experiments into two groups, Freila 1-3 with low sediment concentrations (LSSC) and Negratin, Salada, Belerda with high sediment concentrations (HSSC), it is noticeable that the LSSC-experiments clearly show higher R²-values than the HSSC-experiments, whether all R²values or only the R²-values of correlations with increasing trend line are used. Indicating that, the influence of hydraulic parameters is higher for low sediment concentrations or in other words, high sediment concentrations are not caused by hydraulic parameters. Table 4 R² - values between hydraulic parameter and the detachment rate. τ Г ω ω U ω eff Re τ - τ cr Freila 1 run a MP 1 0.29 0 0.12 0 0.02 - 0.02 - 0.00 0 0.02 - 0.29 0 MP 2 0.49 0 0.55 0 0.49 + 0.01 0 0.48 + 0.49 + 0.49 0 MP 3 0.18 + 0.18 + 0.01 + 0.94 - 0.01 - 0.02 - 0.18 + Freila 1 run b MP 1 0.03 0 0.06 0 0.41 - 0.47 - 0.33 - 0.51 - 0.03 0 MP 2 0.95 0 0.98 0 0.95 + 0.30 0 0.94 + 0.95 + 0.95 0 MP 3 0.16 + 0.15 + 0.00 0 0.15 - 0.02 - 0.00 0 0.16 + Freila 2 run a MP 1 0.81 + 0.91 + 0.17 + 0.45 - 0.32 - 0.01 + 0.81 + 190
Page 1 and 2:
Stefan Wirtz Vom Fachbereich VI (Ge
Page 3 and 4:
Danksagung Danksagung Die vorliegen
Page 5 and 6:
Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichn
Page 7 and 8:
Inhaltsverzeichnis Abbildungsverzei
Page 9 and 10:
Experimentelle Rinnenerosionsforsch
Page 11 and 12:
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146: Experimentelle Rinnenerosionsforsch
Page 195: Experimentelle Rinnenerosionsforsch
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Dipl. Geogr. Stefan Wirtz; Physisch
show all

Stefan Wirtz Vom Fachbereich VI (Geographie/Geowissenschaften ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?