Eble JN, Sauter G., Epstein JI, Sesterhenn IA - iarc

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kidney {902,2491}. Gynecomastia may result from gonadotropin {904} or prolactin production {2486}. Renal cell carcinoma also is known for presenting as metastatic carcinoma of unknown primary, sometimes in unusual sites. Imaging The current imaging technology has altered the management of renal masses as it enables detection and characterization of very small masses. Radiological criteria established by Bosniak assist management of renal masses {283}. Ultrasonography is useful for detecting renal lesions and if it is not diagnostic of a simple cyst, CT before and after IV contrast is required. Plain CT may confirm a benign diagnosis by identifying fat in angiomyolipoma {284}. Lesions without enhancement require nothing further, but those with enhancement require followups at 6 months, 1 year, and then yearly {258}. Increased use of nephron-sparing and laparoscopic surgery underscores the importance of preoperative imaging work-up. Routine staging work-up for renal cell carcinoma includes dynamic CT and chest radiography. 14 Tumours of the kidney
Familial renal cell carcinoma M.J. Merino D.M. Eccles W.M. Linehan F. Algaba B. Zbar G. Kovacs P. Kleihues A. Geurts van Kessel M. Kiuru V. Launonen R. Herva L.A. Aaltonen H.P.H. Neumann C.P. Pavlovich The kidney is affected in a variety of inherited cancer syndromes. For most of them, the oncogene / tumour suppressor gene involved and the respective germline mutations have been identified, making it possible to confirm the clinical diagnosis syndrome, and to identify asymptomatic gene carriers by germline mutation testing {2510}. Each of the inherited syndromes predisposes to distinct types of renal carcinoma. Usually, affected patients develop bilateral, multiple renal tumours; regular screening of mutation carriers for renal and extrarenal manifestations is considered mandatory. Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) Definition The von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is inherited through an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by the development of capillary haemangioblastomas of the central nervous system and retina, clear cell renal carcinoma, phaeochromocytoma, pancreatic and inner ear tumours. The syndrome is caused by germline mutations of the VHL tumour suppressor gene, located on chromosome 3p25–26. The VHL protein is involved in cell cycle regulation and angiogenesis. Approximately 25% of haemangioblastomas are associated with VHL disease {1883}. MIM No. 193300 {1679}. Synonyms and historical annotation Lindau {1506} described capillary haemangioblastoma, and also noted its association with retinal vascular tumours, previously described by von Hippel {2752}, and tumours of the visceral organs, including kidney. Incidence Von Hippel-Lindau disease is estimated Table 1.01 Major inherited tumour syndromes involving the kidney. Modified, from C.P. Pavlovich et al. {2032} Syndrome Gene Chromosome Kidney Skin Other tissues Protein von Hippel-Lindau VHL 3p25 Multiple, bilateral clear-cell - Retinal and CNS haemangioblastopVHL renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC), mas, phaeochromocytoma, pancrerenal cysts atic cysts and neuroendocrine tumours, endolymphatic sac tumours of the inner ear, epididymal and broad ligament cystadenomas Hereditary papillary c-MET 7q31 Multiple, bilateral papillary - - renal cancer HGF-R renal cell carcinomas (PRCC) Type 1 Hereditary leiomyo- FH 1q42-43 Papillary renal cell carcinoma Nodules (leiomyomas) Uterine leiomyomas and matosis and RCC FH (PRCC), non-Type 1 leiomyosarcomas Birt-Hogg-Dubé BHD 17p11.2 Multiple chromophobe RCC, Facial fibrofolliculomas Lung cysts, spontaneous Folliculin conventional RCC, hybrid pneumothorax oncocytoma, papillary RCC, oncocytic tumours Tuberous sclerosis TSC1 9q34 Multiple, bilateral angiomyolipomas, Cutaneous angiofibroma Cardiac rhabdomyomas, Hamartin lymphangioleiomyomatosis (‘adenoma sebaceum’) adenomatous polyps of the duodenum TSC2 16p13 peau chagrin, subungual and the small intestine, lung and Tuberin fibromas kidney cysts, cortical tubers and subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGA) Constitutional Unknown Multiple, bilateral clear-cell - - chromosome 3 renal cell carcinomas (CCRCC) translocation Familial renal cell carcinoma 15
Page 1 and 2: World Health Organization Classific
Page 3 and 4: This volume was produced in collabo
Page 5 and 6: Contents 1 Tumours of the kidney 9
Page 7 and 8: CHAPTER 1 Tumours of the Kidney Can
Page 9 and 10: TNM classification of renal cell ca
Page 11: one quarter of kidney cancers in bo
Page 15 and 16: Table 1.02 Genotype - phenotype cor
Page 17 and 18: A B Fig. 1.11 A Multiple cutaneous
Page 19 and 20: A B Fig. 1.14 Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndr
Page 21 and 22: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma D.J
Page 23 and 24: Fig. 1.20 Clear cell renal cell car
Page 25 and 26: Papillary renal cell carcinoma B. D
Page 27 and 28: A B Fig. 1.29 Papillary renal cell
Page 29 and 30: Fig. 1.33 Chromophobe RCC with sarc
Page 31 and 32: Carcinoma of the collecting ducts o
Page 33 and 34: Renal medullary carcinoma C.J. Davi
Page 35 and 36: Renal carcinomas associated with Xp
Page 37 and 38: Renal cell carcinoma associated wit
Page 39 and 40: Papillary adenoma of the kidney J.N
Page 41 and 42: of this tumour. Microscopic extensi
Page 43 and 44: A B Fig. 1.59 Metanephric adenoma.
Page 45 and 46: esults in intratumoral aneurysms. O
Page 47 and 48: peritumoural fibrous pseudocapsule.
Page 49 and 50: increases in prevalence to approxim
Page 51 and 52: Nephrogenic rests and nephroblastom
Page 53 and 54: Cystic partially differentiated nep
Page 55 and 56: A B Fig. 1.80 Clear cell sarcoma of
Page 57 and 58: A B Fig. 1.85 Rhabdoid tumour of th
Page 59 and 60: transcription factor is fused to th
Page 61 and 62: Leiomyosarcoma S.M. Bonsib Definiti
Page 63 and 64:
Angiomyolipoma G. Martignoni M.B. A
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melanocytic and smooth muscle marke
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Multinucleated and enlarged ganglio
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Haemangioma P. Tamboli Definition H
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Fig. 1.107 Juxtaglomerular cell tum
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Intrarenal schwannoma I. Alvarado-C
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Mixed epithelial and stromal tumour
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Synovial sarcoma of the kidney J.Y.
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Renal carcinoid tumour L.R. Bégin
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Primitive neuroectodermal tumour (E
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Paraganglioma / Phaeochromocytoma P
Page 85 and 86:
Leukaemia A. Orazi Interstitial inf
Page 87 and 88:
WHO histological classification of
Page 89 and 90:
TNM classification of carcinomas of
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The risk of bladder cancer goes dow
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Tumour spread and staging Urinary b
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feature in such patients undergoing
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A Fig. 2.12 Infiltrative urothelial
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A Fig. 2.15 A Infiltrating urotheli
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A B Fig. 2.19 A Infiltrative urothe
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Fig. 2.23 Infiltrative urothelial c
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ing systems have been proposed on t
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Non-invasive urothelial tumours G.
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chronically inflamed urothelium and
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Inverted papilloma G. Sauter Defini
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muscle invasive disease, but there
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Fig. 2.42 Non-invasive urothelial n
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A Fig. 2.45 Non-invasive urothelial
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for DBCCR1 silencing {984,2476}. Th
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Squamous cell carcinoma D.J. Grigno
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Fig. 2.51 Squamous cell carcinoma.
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Adenocarcinoma A.G. Ayala P. Tambol
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A B Fig. 2.61 A Adenocarcinoma in s
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A B Fig. 2.65 Intramural urachal ca
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Müllerian origin is postulated for
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A Fig. 2.69 Small cell carcinoma. A
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Carcinoid L. Cheng Definition Carci
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Leiomyosarcoma J. Cheville Definiti
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Osteosarcoma L. Guillou Definition
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Leiomyoma J. Cheville Definition A
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Haemangioma L. Cheng Definition Hae
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Metastatic tumours and secondary ex
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Tumours of the renal pelvis and ure
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nodular, ulcerative or infiltrative
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Tumours of the urethra F. Hofstädt
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usually show enteric, colloid or si
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CHAPTER 3X Tumours of of the the Pr
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TNM classification of carcinomas of
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contrast, mortality among migrants
Page 161 and 162:
Fig. 3.06 Transrectal ultrasound of
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PSA-related diagnostic strategies.
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A B C Fig. 3.10 A,B Section of pros
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pale-clear, similar to benign gland
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A B Fig. 3.20 A, B Adenocarcinoma w
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prostate adenocarcinomas exhibit AR
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A Fig. 3.27 A, B Foamy gland adenoc
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A B Fig. 3.32 A Sarcomatoid carcino
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A B Fig. 3.37 A Gleason score 1+1=2
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A B Fig. 3.43 A Prostate cancer Gle
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Fig. 3.48 Heat map-nature. From S.M
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Fig. 3.51 Prostate cancer. Major su
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many stage T1b cancers. Stage T2 Mo
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Fig. 3.58 Patterns of seminal vesic
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Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
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A B Fig. 3.63 A Micropapillary high
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A B Fig. 3.68 A Ductal carcinoma in
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Ductal adenocarcinoma X.J. Yang L.
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Papillary pattern can be seen in bo
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A B Fig. 3.74 A Inflammation withou
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Squamous neoplasms T.H. Van der Kwa
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Neuroendocrine tumours P.A. di Sant
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Mesenchymal tumours J. Cheville F.
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Fig. 3.89 Sarcoma of the prostate.
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Miscellaneous tumours P.H. Tan L. C
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A Fig. 3.96 A Adenocarcinoma of the
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Introduction F.K. Mostofi I.A. Sest
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wartime birth cohorts illustrate th
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Similar tumours as those of group 1
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crucial for the development of this
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A B Fig. 4.09 Spermatocytic seminom
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A B Fig. 4.14 Intratubular germ cel
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A B Fig. 4.19 Seminoma. A Typical s
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Fig. 4.24 Seminoma. Vascular invasi
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Fig. 4.28 Spermatocytic seminoma wi
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A B Fig. 4.33 Embryonal carcinoma.
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A B Fig. 4.38 Yolk sac tumour. A En
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have cytoplasmic lacunae that conta
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A Fig. 4.46 Teratoma. A Longitudina
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A B Fig. 4.51 A Cut surface of derm
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Fig. 4.54 Mixed germ cell tumour. L
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Sex cord / gonadal stromal tumours
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A B C Fig. 4.67 Malignant Leydig ce
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A Fig. 4.73 A Sertoli cell tumour.
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ICD-O codes Granulosa cell tumour 8
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ICD-O code 8592/1 Clinical features
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A B Fig. 4.83 Germ cell-sex cord/go
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A Fig. 4.85 A, B Brenner tumour of
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typical grade III follicular morpho
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testicular parenchyma and tumour te
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A B the surgical scar and adjacent
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Immunoprofile Ordóñez and associa
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often have a grey-white cut surface
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Fig. 4.111 Angiomyofibroblastoma-li
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A B Fig. 4.119 Embryonal rhabdomyos
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Table 4.05 Secondary tumours of the
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Page 277 and 278:
A Fig. 5.04 A, B Squamous cell carc
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deformed by an exophytic mass. In s
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A B C Fig. 5.12 A Warty (condylomat
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A Fig. 5.20 Bowenoid papulosis. A,
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three had been circumcized by 9 yea
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Mesenchymal tumours J.F. Fetsch M.
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Fig. 5.31 Neurofibroma of the penis
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oectodermal tumour/Ewing sarcoma [p
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Secondary tumours of the penis C.J.
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Dr John N. EBLE* Dept. of Pathology
Page 297 and 298:
Dr Ricardo PANIAGUA Department of C
Page 299 and 300:
Source of charts and photographs 1.
Page 301 and 302:
References 1. Anon. (1955). Case re
Page 303 and 304:
115. Ariel I, Sughayer M, Fellig Y,
Page 305 and 306:
246. Birt AR, Hogg GR, Dube WJ (197
Page 307 and 308:
374. Cardone G, Malventi M, Roffi M
Page 309 and 310:
502. Corti B, Carella R, Gabusi E,
Page 311 and 312:
633. Donhuijsen K, Schmidt U, Richt
Page 313 and 314:
768. Fischer J, Palmedo G, von Knob
Page 315 and 316:
900. Goedert JJ, Cote TR, Virgo P,
Page 317 and 318:
1028. Hartmann A, Dietmaier W, Hofs
Page 319 and 320:
1162. Iezzoni JC, Fechner RE, Wong
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1293. Keetch DW, Catalona WJ (1995)
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1424. Ladanyi M, Lui MY, Antonescu
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1548. Lopez-Beltran A, Croghan GA,
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1681. McLaughlin JK, Silverman DT,
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1816. Moudouni SM, En-Nia I, Rioux-
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1945. Ohori M, Wheeler TM, Kattan M
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2070. Phillips G, Kumari-Subaiya S,
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2199. Riou G, Barrois M, Prost S, T
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2327. Schmidt L, Junker K, Weirich
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2450. Smith G, Elton RA, Beynon LL,
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2572. Tamboli P, Mohsin SK, Hailema
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2693. van Echten J, Timmer A, van d
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2816. Wick MR, Berg LC, Hertz MI (1
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2937. Zhuang Z, Park WS, Pack S, Sc
Page 349 and 350:
CCNB, 226 CCND1, 105, 108 CCND2, 22
Page 351 and 352:
J Juvenile type granulosa cell tumo
Page 353 and 354:
Promoter methylation, 21 Prostate s
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