Eble JN, Sauter G., Epstein JI, Sesterhenn IA - iarc

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Melanocytic lesions A.G. Ayala P. Tamboli Definition Melanocytic lesions of the penis identical to those in other sites. Incidence Malignant melanocytic lesions of the penis are rare, with just over 100 cases of malignant melanoma reported since their first description by Muchison in 1859 {1229,1439,1614,1950}. Other melanocytic lesions include penile melanosis, genital lentiginosis, atypical lentiginous hyperplasia, melanocytic nevi, and atypical melanocytic nevi of the acral/genital type. ICD-O codes Melanocytic nevi 8720/0 Melanoma 8720/3 Fig. 5.25 Invasive melanoma. Perspective view of the atypical junctional component. Epidemiology and etiology Penile melanoma affects white men, between the ages of 50 and 70 years. Risk factors include pre-existing nevi, exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and a history of melanoma. Localization Sixty to eighty percent of melanomas arise on the glans penis, less than 10% affect the prepuce, and the remainder arises from the skin of the shaft. Macroscopy Grossly, the lesion has been described as an ulcer, papule, or nodule that is blue, brown, or red. A Fig. 5.26 Melanoma in situ. A In this illustration there are scattered large atypical melanocytes involving all layers of the epithelium. B This lesion shows an atypical junctional melanocytic proliferation associated with melanocytic cells that are present in the upper layers of the epithelium. Although the low power suggests a dysplastic nevus, the presence of atypical melanocytes migrating to different levels of the epithelium makes it a melanoma in situ. B Histopathology Reported histologic subtypes include nodular, superficial spreading, and mucosal lentiginous. The Breslow level (depth of invasion) is an important determinant of overall survival. Prognosis and predictive factors Management is similar to melanomas of other regions. Melanocytic lesions 291
Mesenchymal tumours J.F. Fetsch M. Miettinen Definition Tumours derived from the mesenchymal cells that are similar to those occuring at other sites. Incidence Mesenchymal tumours are very uncommon in the penis. The most frequently encountered benign mesenchymal tumours of the penis are vascular related. The most common malignant mesenchymal tumours are Kaposi sarcoma and leiomyosarcoma. With the exception of myointimoma, all of the listed tumours conform to definitions provided in other WHO fascicles (i.e., soft tissue, dermatopathology, and neuropathology fascicles). Myointimoma is a benign vascular related tumefaction with a myoid phenotype; this process is intimately associated with, and appears to be derived from, the vascular intima. ICD-O codes Benign Haemangioma variants 9120/0 Lymphangioma variants 9170/0 Neurofibroma 9540/0 Schwannoma (neurilemoma) 9560/0 Granular cell tumour 9580/0 Myointimoma Leiomyoma 8890/0 Glomus tumour 8711/0 Fibrous histiocytoma 8830/0 Juvenile xanthogranuloma Intermediate Biologic Potential Giant cell fibroblastoma 8834/1 Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans 8832/3 Malignant Kaposi sarcoma 9140/3 Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma 9133/3 Angiosarcoma 9120/3 Leiomyosarcoma 8890/3 Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (including myxofibrosarcoma) 8830/3 Rhabdomyosarcoma 8900/3 Epithelioid sarcoma 8804/3 Synovial sarcoma 9040/3 Clear cell sarcoma 9044/3 Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour 9540/3 Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumour 9364/3 Ewing sarcoma 9260/3 Extraskeletal osteosarcoma 9180/3 Fig. 5.27 Angiokeratoma of the penis. Epidemiology Factors predisposing individuals to the development of soft tissue tumours are, for the most part, poorly understood. Genetic factors, immunodeficiency states, and human herpesvirus 8 {101,412} have been implicated in the development of Kaposi sarcoma. Irradiation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several sarcoma types, especially malignant fibrous histiocytoma, but also, angiosarcoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour, and others. Most soft tissue tumours of the penis occur over a wide age range. Juvenile xanthogranuloma, giant cell fibroblastoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma are primarily paediatric tumours. Among nerve sheath tumours of the penis, neurofibromas have a peak incidence in the first and second decades, granular cell tumours primarily affect individuals in the A B Fig. 5.28 A Lymphangioma of the penis. The presence of scattered lymphoid follicles is a helpful clue to the diagnosis. B Lymphangioma circumscriptum of the penis. 292 Tumours of the penis
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World Health Organization Classific
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This volume was produced in collabo
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Contents 1 Tumours of the kidney 9
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CHAPTER 1 Tumours of the Kidney Can
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TNM classification of renal cell ca
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one quarter of kidney cancers in bo
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Familial renal cell carcinoma M.J.
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Table 1.02 Genotype - phenotype cor
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A B Fig. 1.11 A Multiple cutaneous
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A B Fig. 1.14 Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndr
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Clear cell renal cell carcinoma D.J
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Fig. 1.20 Clear cell renal cell car
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Papillary renal cell carcinoma B. D
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A B Fig. 1.29 Papillary renal cell
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Fig. 1.33 Chromophobe RCC with sarc
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Carcinoma of the collecting ducts o
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Renal medullary carcinoma C.J. Davi
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Renal carcinomas associated with Xp
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Renal cell carcinoma associated wit
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Papillary adenoma of the kidney J.N
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of this tumour. Microscopic extensi
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A B Fig. 1.59 Metanephric adenoma.
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esults in intratumoral aneurysms. O
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peritumoural fibrous pseudocapsule.
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increases in prevalence to approxim
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Nephrogenic rests and nephroblastom
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Cystic partially differentiated nep
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A B Fig. 1.80 Clear cell sarcoma of
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A B Fig. 1.85 Rhabdoid tumour of th
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transcription factor is fused to th
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Leiomyosarcoma S.M. Bonsib Definiti
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Angiomyolipoma G. Martignoni M.B. A
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melanocytic and smooth muscle marke
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Multinucleated and enlarged ganglio
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Haemangioma P. Tamboli Definition H
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Fig. 1.107 Juxtaglomerular cell tum
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Intrarenal schwannoma I. Alvarado-C
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Mixed epithelial and stromal tumour
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Synovial sarcoma of the kidney J.Y.
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Renal carcinoid tumour L.R. Bégin
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Primitive neuroectodermal tumour (E
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Paraganglioma / Phaeochromocytoma P
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Leukaemia A. Orazi Interstitial inf
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WHO histological classification of
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TNM classification of carcinomas of
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The risk of bladder cancer goes dow
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Tumour spread and staging Urinary b
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feature in such patients undergoing
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A Fig. 2.12 Infiltrative urothelial
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A Fig. 2.15 A Infiltrating urotheli
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A B Fig. 2.19 A Infiltrative urothe
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Fig. 2.23 Infiltrative urothelial c
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ing systems have been proposed on t
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Non-invasive urothelial tumours G.
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chronically inflamed urothelium and
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Inverted papilloma G. Sauter Defini
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muscle invasive disease, but there
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Fig. 2.42 Non-invasive urothelial n
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A Fig. 2.45 Non-invasive urothelial
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for DBCCR1 silencing {984,2476}. Th
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Squamous cell carcinoma D.J. Grigno
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Fig. 2.51 Squamous cell carcinoma.
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Adenocarcinoma A.G. Ayala P. Tambol
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A B Fig. 2.61 A Adenocarcinoma in s
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A B Fig. 2.65 Intramural urachal ca
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Müllerian origin is postulated for
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A Fig. 2.69 Small cell carcinoma. A
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Carcinoid L. Cheng Definition Carci
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Leiomyosarcoma J. Cheville Definiti
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Osteosarcoma L. Guillou Definition
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Leiomyoma J. Cheville Definition A
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Haemangioma L. Cheng Definition Hae
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Metastatic tumours and secondary ex
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Tumours of the renal pelvis and ure
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nodular, ulcerative or infiltrative
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Tumours of the urethra F. Hofstädt
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usually show enteric, colloid or si
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CHAPTER 3X Tumours of of the the Pr
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TNM classification of carcinomas of
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contrast, mortality among migrants
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Fig. 3.06 Transrectal ultrasound of
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PSA-related diagnostic strategies.
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A B C Fig. 3.10 A,B Section of pros
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pale-clear, similar to benign gland
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A B Fig. 3.20 A, B Adenocarcinoma w
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prostate adenocarcinomas exhibit AR
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A Fig. 3.27 A, B Foamy gland adenoc
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A B Fig. 3.32 A Sarcomatoid carcino
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A B Fig. 3.37 A Gleason score 1+1=2
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A B Fig. 3.43 A Prostate cancer Gle
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Fig. 3.48 Heat map-nature. From S.M
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Fig. 3.51 Prostate cancer. Major su
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many stage T1b cancers. Stage T2 Mo
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Fig. 3.58 Patterns of seminal vesic
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Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
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A B Fig. 3.63 A Micropapillary high
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A B Fig. 3.68 A Ductal carcinoma in
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Ductal adenocarcinoma X.J. Yang L.
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Papillary pattern can be seen in bo
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A B Fig. 3.74 A Inflammation withou
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Squamous neoplasms T.H. Van der Kwa
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Neuroendocrine tumours P.A. di Sant
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Mesenchymal tumours J. Cheville F.
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Fig. 3.89 Sarcoma of the prostate.
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Miscellaneous tumours P.H. Tan L. C
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A Fig. 3.96 A Adenocarcinoma of the
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WHO histological classification of
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Introduction F.K. Mostofi I.A. Sest
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wartime birth cohorts illustrate th
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Similar tumours as those of group 1
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crucial for the development of this
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A B Fig. 4.09 Spermatocytic seminom
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A B Fig. 4.14 Intratubular germ cel
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A B Fig. 4.19 Seminoma. A Typical s
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Fig. 4.24 Seminoma. Vascular invasi
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Fig. 4.28 Spermatocytic seminoma wi
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A B Fig. 4.33 Embryonal carcinoma.
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Page 239 and 240: A Fig. 4.46 Teratoma. A Longitudina
Page 241 and 242: A B Fig. 4.51 A Cut surface of derm
Page 243 and 244: Fig. 4.54 Mixed germ cell tumour. L
Page 245 and 246: Sex cord / gonadal stromal tumours
Page 247 and 248: A B C Fig. 4.67 Malignant Leydig ce
Page 249 and 250: A Fig. 4.73 A Sertoli cell tumour.
Page 251 and 252: ICD-O codes Granulosa cell tumour 8
Page 253 and 254: ICD-O code 8592/1 Clinical features
Page 255 and 256: A B Fig. 4.83 Germ cell-sex cord/go
Page 257 and 258: A Fig. 4.85 A, B Brenner tumour of
Page 259 and 260: typical grade III follicular morpho
Page 261 and 262: testicular parenchyma and tumour te
Page 263 and 264: A B the surgical scar and adjacent
Page 265 and 266: Immunoprofile Ordóñez and associa
Page 267 and 268: often have a grey-white cut surface
Page 269 and 270: Fig. 4.111 Angiomyofibroblastoma-li
Page 271 and 272: A B Fig. 4.119 Embryonal rhabdomyos
Page 273 and 274: Table 4.05 Secondary tumours of the
Page 275 and 276: WHO histological classification of
Page 277 and 278: A Fig. 5.04 A, B Squamous cell carc
Page 279 and 280: deformed by an exophytic mass. In s
Page 281 and 282: A B C Fig. 5.12 A Warty (condylomat
Page 283 and 284: A Fig. 5.20 Bowenoid papulosis. A,
Page 285: three had been circumcized by 9 yea
Page 289 and 290: Fig. 5.31 Neurofibroma of the penis
Page 291 and 292: oectodermal tumour/Ewing sarcoma [p
Page 293 and 294: Secondary tumours of the penis C.J.
Page 295 and 296: Dr John N. EBLE* Dept. of Pathology
Page 297 and 298: Dr Ricardo PANIAGUA Department of C
Page 299 and 300: Source of charts and photographs 1.
Page 301 and 302: References 1. Anon. (1955). Case re
Page 303 and 304: 115. Ariel I, Sughayer M, Fellig Y,
Page 305 and 306: 246. Birt AR, Hogg GR, Dube WJ (197
Page 307 and 308: 374. Cardone G, Malventi M, Roffi M
Page 309 and 310: 502. Corti B, Carella R, Gabusi E,
Page 311 and 312: 633. Donhuijsen K, Schmidt U, Richt
Page 313 and 314: 768. Fischer J, Palmedo G, von Knob
Page 315 and 316: 900. Goedert JJ, Cote TR, Virgo P,
Page 317 and 318: 1028. Hartmann A, Dietmaier W, Hofs
Page 319 and 320: 1162. Iezzoni JC, Fechner RE, Wong
Page 321 and 322: 1293. Keetch DW, Catalona WJ (1995)
Page 323 and 324: 1424. Ladanyi M, Lui MY, Antonescu
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Page 329 and 330: 1816. Moudouni SM, En-Nia I, Rioux-
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2327. Schmidt L, Junker K, Weirich
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2450. Smith G, Elton RA, Beynon LL,
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2572. Tamboli P, Mohsin SK, Hailema
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2693. van Echten J, Timmer A, van d
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2816. Wick MR, Berg LC, Hertz MI (1
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2937. Zhuang Z, Park WS, Pack S, Sc
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CCNB, 226 CCND1, 105, 108 CCND2, 22
Page 351 and 352:
J Juvenile type granulosa cell tumo
Page 353 and 354:
Promoter methylation, 21 Prostate s
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Eble JN, Sauter G., Epstein JI, Sesterhenn IA - iarc

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