Eble JN, Sauter G., Epstein JI, Sesterhenn IA - iarc

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the neoplasm from the adjacent rest and normal kidney. Intralobar nephrogenic rests In contrast to PLNRs, ILNRs are typically located in the central areas of the lobe, are poorly circumscribed and composed of stromal elements as well as epithelial tubules. Like PLNRs, ILNRs may be dormant, regress, or undergo hyperplasia. Nephroblastoma developing with ILNRs are often separated from the underlying rest by a peritumoural fibrous pseudocapsule. Prognosis and predictive factors In diffuse hyperplastic nephroblastomatosis, the risk for the development of nephroblastoma is extraordinarily high. Chemotherapy is commonly utilized because it reduces the compressive burden of nephroblastic tissue, which enables normalization of renal function, and reduces the number of proliferating cells that may develop a clonal transformation. There is a high risk of developing multiple nephroblastomas as well as anaplastic nephroblastomas. Therefore, their tumours must be carefully watched and monitored for responsiveness to therapy. In the management of patients with nephroblastomatosis, imaging screening by serial ultrasonography and CT scans enables an early detection of nephroblastoma {191}. Prompt therapy can minimize the amount of native kidney that requires surgical excision (nephron sparing approach), thereby maximizing the preservation of renal function. Fig. 1.74 Hyperplasia within a large perilobar nephrogenic rest. A B Fig. 1.75 Intralobar nephrogenic rest. A Ill defined proliferation of embryonal cells and intermingling with the native kidney. B Hyperplastic blastemal cells proliferating within the rest intermingling with the native kidney. 54 Tumours of the kidney
Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma J.N. <strong>Eble</strong> Definition Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma is a multilocular cystic neoplasm of very young children, composed of epithelial and stromal elements, along with nephoblastomatous tissue. ICD-O code 8959/1 Fig. 1.76 Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma forms a well-circumscribed mass composed entirely of small and large cysts. Rarely, Wilms tumour may be composed entirely of cysts with delicate septa. Within the septa are small foci of blastema, immature-appearing stromal cells, and primitive or immature epithelium. Such tumours are called "cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma" {329,1249}. When no nephroblastomatous elements are found, the term "cystic nephroma" has been applied although it is recognized that these lesions are not the same as the morphologically similar ones which occur in adults {646,650}. Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma occurs with greater frequency in boys than in girls; almost all patients are less than 24 months old, and surgery is almost always curative {592, 1250,1251}. Joshi and Beckwith reported one recurrence, possibly a complication of incomplete resection {1250}. The tumours often are large, particularly considering the patient's age, ranging up to 180 mm in diameter. Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma is well circumscribed from the remaining kidney by a fibrous pseudocapsule and consists entirely of cysts of variable size. The septa are thin and there are no expansile nodules to alter the rounded contour of the cysts. The cysts in cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma and are lined with flattened, cuboidal, or hobnail epithelium, or lack lining epithelium {1249}. The septa are variably cellular and contain undifferentiated and differentiated mesenchyme, blastema, and nephroblastomatous epithelial elements {1249}. Skeletal muscle and myxoid mesenchyme are present in the septa of most tumours. Cartilage and fat are present occasionally {1250,1251}. Focally, the septal elements may protrude into the cysts in microscopic papillary folds, or gross polyps in the papillonodular variant of cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma. The epithelial components consist mainly of mature and immature microscopic cysts resembling cross sections of tubules and stubby papillae resembling immature glomeruli. A Fig. 1.77 Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma. A The septa of cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma often contain aggregates of blastema. B Pericystic part of the tumour contains immature epithelial elements forming short papillae reminiscent of fetal glomeruli. B Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma 55
Page 1 and 2: World Health Organization Classific
Page 3 and 4: This volume was produced in collabo
Page 5 and 6: Contents 1 Tumours of the kidney 9
Page 7 and 8: CHAPTER 1 Tumours of the Kidney Can
Page 9 and 10: TNM classification of renal cell ca
Page 11 and 12: one quarter of kidney cancers in bo
Page 13 and 14: Familial renal cell carcinoma M.J.
Page 15 and 16: Table 1.02 Genotype - phenotype cor
Page 17 and 18: A B Fig. 1.11 A Multiple cutaneous
Page 19 and 20: A B Fig. 1.14 Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndr
Page 21 and 22: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma D.J
Page 23 and 24: Fig. 1.20 Clear cell renal cell car
Page 25 and 26: Papillary renal cell carcinoma B. D
Page 27 and 28: A B Fig. 1.29 Papillary renal cell
Page 29 and 30: Fig. 1.33 Chromophobe RCC with sarc
Page 31 and 32: Carcinoma of the collecting ducts o
Page 33 and 34: Renal medullary carcinoma C.J. Davi
Page 35 and 36: Renal carcinomas associated with Xp
Page 37 and 38: Renal cell carcinoma associated wit
Page 39 and 40: Papillary adenoma of the kidney J.N
Page 41 and 42: of this tumour. Microscopic extensi
Page 43 and 44: A B Fig. 1.59 Metanephric adenoma.
Page 45 and 46: esults in intratumoral aneurysms. O
Page 47 and 48: peritumoural fibrous pseudocapsule.
Page 49 and 50: increases in prevalence to approxim
Page 51: Nephrogenic rests and nephroblastom
Page 55 and 56: A B Fig. 1.80 Clear cell sarcoma of
Page 57 and 58: A B Fig. 1.85 Rhabdoid tumour of th
Page 59 and 60: transcription factor is fused to th
Page 61 and 62: Leiomyosarcoma S.M. Bonsib Definiti
Page 63 and 64: Angiomyolipoma G. Martignoni M.B. A
Page 65 and 66: melanocytic and smooth muscle marke
Page 67 and 68: Multinucleated and enlarged ganglio
Page 69 and 70: Haemangioma P. Tamboli Definition H
Page 71 and 72: Fig. 1.107 Juxtaglomerular cell tum
Page 73 and 74: Intrarenal schwannoma I. Alvarado-C
Page 75 and 76: Mixed epithelial and stromal tumour
Page 77 and 78: Synovial sarcoma of the kidney J.Y.
Page 79 and 80: Renal carcinoid tumour L.R. Bégin
Page 81 and 82: Primitive neuroectodermal tumour (E
Page 83 and 84: Paraganglioma / Phaeochromocytoma P
Page 85 and 86: Leukaemia A. Orazi Interstitial inf
Page 87 and 88: WHO histological classification of
Page 89 and 90: TNM classification of carcinomas of
Page 91 and 92: The risk of bladder cancer goes dow
Page 93 and 94: Tumour spread and staging Urinary b
Page 95 and 96: feature in such patients undergoing
Page 97 and 98: A Fig. 2.12 Infiltrative urothelial
Page 99 and 100: A Fig. 2.15 A Infiltrating urotheli
Page 101 and 102: A B Fig. 2.19 A Infiltrative urothe
Page 103 and 104:
Fig. 2.23 Infiltrative urothelial c
Page 105 and 106:
ing systems have been proposed on t
Page 107 and 108:
Non-invasive urothelial tumours G.
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chronically inflamed urothelium and
Page 111 and 112:
Inverted papilloma G. Sauter Defini
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muscle invasive disease, but there
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Fig. 2.42 Non-invasive urothelial n
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A Fig. 2.45 Non-invasive urothelial
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for DBCCR1 silencing {984,2476}. Th
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Squamous cell carcinoma D.J. Grigno
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Fig. 2.51 Squamous cell carcinoma.
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Adenocarcinoma A.G. Ayala P. Tambol
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A B Fig. 2.61 A Adenocarcinoma in s
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A B Fig. 2.65 Intramural urachal ca
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Müllerian origin is postulated for
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A Fig. 2.69 Small cell carcinoma. A
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Carcinoid L. Cheng Definition Carci
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Leiomyosarcoma J. Cheville Definiti
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Osteosarcoma L. Guillou Definition
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Leiomyoma J. Cheville Definition A
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Haemangioma L. Cheng Definition Hae
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Metastatic tumours and secondary ex
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Tumours of the renal pelvis and ure
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nodular, ulcerative or infiltrative
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Tumours of the urethra F. Hofstädt
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usually show enteric, colloid or si
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CHAPTER 3X Tumours of of the the Pr
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TNM classification of carcinomas of
Page 159 and 160:
contrast, mortality among migrants
Page 161 and 162:
Fig. 3.06 Transrectal ultrasound of
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PSA-related diagnostic strategies.
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A B C Fig. 3.10 A,B Section of pros
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pale-clear, similar to benign gland
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A B Fig. 3.20 A, B Adenocarcinoma w
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prostate adenocarcinomas exhibit AR
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A Fig. 3.27 A, B Foamy gland adenoc
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A B Fig. 3.32 A Sarcomatoid carcino
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A B Fig. 3.37 A Gleason score 1+1=2
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A B Fig. 3.43 A Prostate cancer Gle
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Fig. 3.48 Heat map-nature. From S.M
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Fig. 3.51 Prostate cancer. Major su
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many stage T1b cancers. Stage T2 Mo
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Fig. 3.58 Patterns of seminal vesic
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Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
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A B Fig. 3.63 A Micropapillary high
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A B Fig. 3.68 A Ductal carcinoma in
Page 195 and 196:
Ductal adenocarcinoma X.J. Yang L.
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Papillary pattern can be seen in bo
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A B Fig. 3.74 A Inflammation withou
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Squamous neoplasms T.H. Van der Kwa
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Neuroendocrine tumours P.A. di Sant
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Mesenchymal tumours J. Cheville F.
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Fig. 3.89 Sarcoma of the prostate.
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Miscellaneous tumours P.H. Tan L. C
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A Fig. 3.96 A Adenocarcinoma of the
Page 213 and 214:
WHO histological classification of
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Introduction F.K. Mostofi I.A. Sest
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wartime birth cohorts illustrate th
Page 219 and 220:
Similar tumours as those of group 1
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crucial for the development of this
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A B Fig. 4.09 Spermatocytic seminom
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A B Fig. 4.14 Intratubular germ cel
Page 227 and 228:
A B Fig. 4.19 Seminoma. A Typical s
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Fig. 4.24 Seminoma. Vascular invasi
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Fig. 4.28 Spermatocytic seminoma wi
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A B Fig. 4.33 Embryonal carcinoma.
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A B Fig. 4.38 Yolk sac tumour. A En
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have cytoplasmic lacunae that conta
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A Fig. 4.46 Teratoma. A Longitudina
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A B Fig. 4.51 A Cut surface of derm
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Fig. 4.54 Mixed germ cell tumour. L
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Sex cord / gonadal stromal tumours
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A B C Fig. 4.67 Malignant Leydig ce
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A Fig. 4.73 A Sertoli cell tumour.
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ICD-O codes Granulosa cell tumour 8
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ICD-O code 8592/1 Clinical features
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A B Fig. 4.83 Germ cell-sex cord/go
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A Fig. 4.85 A, B Brenner tumour of
Page 259 and 260:
typical grade III follicular morpho
Page 261 and 262:
testicular parenchyma and tumour te
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A B the surgical scar and adjacent
Page 265 and 266:
Immunoprofile Ordóñez and associa
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often have a grey-white cut surface
Page 269 and 270:
Fig. 4.111 Angiomyofibroblastoma-li
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A B Fig. 4.119 Embryonal rhabdomyos
Page 273 and 274:
Table 4.05 Secondary tumours of the
Page 275 and 276:
WHO histological classification of
Page 277 and 278:
A Fig. 5.04 A, B Squamous cell carc
Page 279 and 280:
deformed by an exophytic mass. In s
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A B C Fig. 5.12 A Warty (condylomat
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A Fig. 5.20 Bowenoid papulosis. A,
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three had been circumcized by 9 yea
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Mesenchymal tumours J.F. Fetsch M.
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Fig. 5.31 Neurofibroma of the penis
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oectodermal tumour/Ewing sarcoma [p
Page 293 and 294:
Secondary tumours of the penis C.J.
Page 295 and 296:
Dr John N. EBLE* Dept. of Pathology
Page 297 and 298:
Dr Ricardo PANIAGUA Department of C
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Source of charts and photographs 1.
Page 301 and 302:
References 1. Anon. (1955). Case re
Page 303 and 304:
115. Ariel I, Sughayer M, Fellig Y,
Page 305 and 306:
246. Birt AR, Hogg GR, Dube WJ (197
Page 307 and 308:
374. Cardone G, Malventi M, Roffi M
Page 309 and 310:
502. Corti B, Carella R, Gabusi E,
Page 311 and 312:
633. Donhuijsen K, Schmidt U, Richt
Page 313 and 314:
768. Fischer J, Palmedo G, von Knob
Page 315 and 316:
900. Goedert JJ, Cote TR, Virgo P,
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1028. Hartmann A, Dietmaier W, Hofs
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1162. Iezzoni JC, Fechner RE, Wong
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1293. Keetch DW, Catalona WJ (1995)
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1424. Ladanyi M, Lui MY, Antonescu
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1548. Lopez-Beltran A, Croghan GA,
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1681. McLaughlin JK, Silverman DT,
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1816. Moudouni SM, En-Nia I, Rioux-
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1945. Ohori M, Wheeler TM, Kattan M
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2070. Phillips G, Kumari-Subaiya S,
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2199. Riou G, Barrois M, Prost S, T
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2327. Schmidt L, Junker K, Weirich
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2450. Smith G, Elton RA, Beynon LL,
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2572. Tamboli P, Mohsin SK, Hailema
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2693. van Echten J, Timmer A, van d
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2816. Wick MR, Berg LC, Hertz MI (1
Page 347 and 348:
2937. Zhuang Z, Park WS, Pack S, Sc
Page 349 and 350:
CCNB, 226 CCND1, 105, 108 CCND2, 22
Page 351 and 352:
J Juvenile type granulosa cell tumo
Page 353 and 354:
Promoter methylation, 21 Prostate s
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Eble JN, Sauter G., Epstein JI, Sesterhenn IA - iarc

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