Eble JN, Sauter G., Epstein JI, Sesterhenn IA - iarc

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TNM classification of carcinomas of the urinary bladder TNM classification 1,2 T – Primary tumour TX Primary tumour cannot be assessed T0 No evidence of primary tumour Ta Non-invasive papillary carcinoma Tis Carcinoma in situ: "flat tumour" T1 Tumour invades subepithelial connective tissue T2 Tumour invades muscle T2a Tumour invades superficial muscle (inner half) T2b Tumour invades deep muscle (outer half) T3 Tumour invades perivesical tissue: T3a Microscopically T3b Macroscopically (extravesical mass) T4 Tumour invades any of the following: prostate, uterus, vagina, pelvic wall, abdominal wall T4a Tumour invades prostate, uterus or vagina T4b Tumour invades pelvic wall or abdominal wall N – Regional lymph nodes NX Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed N0 No regional lymph node metastasis N1 N2 N3 Metastasis in a single lymph node 2 cm or less in greatest dimension Metastasis in a single lymph node more than 2 cm but not more than 5 cm in greatest dimension, or multiple lymph nodes, none more than 5 cm in greatest dimension Metastasis in a lymph node more than 5 cm in greatest dimension M – Distant metastasis MX Distant metastasis cannot be assessed M0 No distant metastasis M1 Distant metastasis Stage Grouping Stage 0a Ta N0 M0 Stage 0is Tis N0 M0 Stage I T1 N0 M0 Stage II T2a, b N0 M0 Stage III T3a, b N0 M0 T4a N0 M0 Stage IV T4b N0 M0 Any T N1, N2, N3 M0 Any T Any N M1 __________ 1 {944,2662}. 2 A help desk for specific questions about the TNM classification is available at http://www.uicc.org/tnm/ TNM classification of carcinomas of the renal pelvis and ureter TNM classification 1,2 T – Primary tumour TX Primary tumour cannot be assessed T0 No evidence of primary tumour Ta Non-invasive papillary carcinoma Tis Carcinoma in situ T1 T2 T3 T4 Tumour invades subepithelial connective tissue Tumour invades muscularis (Renal pelvis) Tumour invades beyond muscularis into peripelvic fat or renal parenchyma (Ureter) Tumour invades beyond muscularis into periureteric fat Tumour invades adjacent organs or through the kidney into perinephric fat N – Regional lymph nodes NX Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed N0 No regional lymph node metastasis N1 Metastasis in a single lymph node 2 cm or less in greatest dimension N2 N3 Metastasis in a single lymph node more than 2 cm but not more than 5 cm in greatest dimension, or multiple lymph nodes, none more than 5 cm in greatest dimension Metastasis in a lymph node more than 5 cm in greatest dimension M – Distant metastasis MX Distant metastasis cannot be assessed M0 No distant metastasis M1 Distant metastasis Stage Grouping Stage 0a Ta N0 M0 Stage 0is Tis N0 M0 Stage I T1 N0 M0 Stage II T2 N0 M0 Stage III T3 N0 M0 Stage IV T4 N0 M0 Any T N1, N2, N3 M0 Any T Any N M1 __________ 1 {944,2662}. 2 A help desk for specific questions about the TNM classification is available at http://www.uicc.org/tnm/ 91
TNM classification of carcinomas of the urethra TNM classification 1,2 T – Primary tumour TX Primary tumour cannot be assessed T0 No evidence of primary tumour Urethra (male and female) Ta Non-invasive papillary, polypoid, or verrucous carcinoma Tis Carcinoma in situ T1 Tumour invades subepithelial connective tissue T2 Tumour invades any of the following: corpus spongiosum, prostate, periurethral muscle T3 Tumour invades any of the following: corpus cavernosum, beyond prostatic capsule, anterior vagina, bladder neck T4 Tumour invades other adjacent organs Urothelial carcinoma of prostate (prostatic urethra) Tis pu Carcinoma in situ, involvement of prostatic urethra Tis pd Carcinoma in situ, involvement of prostatic ducts T1 T2 T3 T4 Tumour invades subepithelial connective tissue Tumour invades any of the following: prostatic stroma, corpus spongiosum, periurethral muscle Tumour invades any of the following: corpus cavernosum, beyond prostatic capsule, bladder neck (extra- prostatic extension) Tumour invades other adjacent organs (invasion of bladder) N – Regional lymph nodes NX Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed N0 No regional lymph node metastasis N1 Metastasis in a single lymph node 2 cm or less in greatest dimension N2 Metastasis in a single lymph node more than 2 cm in greatest dimension, or multiple lymph nodes M – Distant metastasis MX Distant metastasis cannot be assessed M0 No distant metastasis M1 Distant metastasis Stage Grouping Stage 0a Ta N0 M0 Stage 0is Tis N0 M0 Tis pu N0 M0 Tis pd N0 M0 Stage I T1 N0 M0 Stage II T2 N0 M0 Stage III T1, T2 N1 M0 T3 N0, N1 M0 Stage IV T4 N0, N1 M0 Any T N2 M0 Any T Any N M1 __________ 1 {944,2662}. 2 A help desk for specific questions about the TNM classification is available at http://www.uicc.org/tnm/ 92 Tumours of the urinary system
Page 1 and 2:
World Health Organization Classific
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This volume was produced in collabo
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Contents 1 Tumours of the kidney 9
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CHAPTER 1 Tumours of the Kidney Can
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TNM classification of renal cell ca
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one quarter of kidney cancers in bo
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Familial renal cell carcinoma M.J.
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Table 1.02 Genotype - phenotype cor
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A B Fig. 1.11 A Multiple cutaneous
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A B Fig. 1.14 Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndr
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Clear cell renal cell carcinoma D.J
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Fig. 1.20 Clear cell renal cell car
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Papillary renal cell carcinoma B. D
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A B Fig. 1.29 Papillary renal cell
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Fig. 1.33 Chromophobe RCC with sarc
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Carcinoma of the collecting ducts o
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Renal medullary carcinoma C.J. Davi
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Renal carcinomas associated with Xp
Page 37 and 38: Renal cell carcinoma associated wit
Page 39 and 40: Papillary adenoma of the kidney J.N
Page 41 and 42: of this tumour. Microscopic extensi
Page 43 and 44: A B Fig. 1.59 Metanephric adenoma.
Page 45 and 46: esults in intratumoral aneurysms. O
Page 47 and 48: peritumoural fibrous pseudocapsule.
Page 49 and 50: increases in prevalence to approxim
Page 51 and 52: Nephrogenic rests and nephroblastom
Page 53 and 54: Cystic partially differentiated nep
Page 55 and 56: A B Fig. 1.80 Clear cell sarcoma of
Page 57 and 58: A B Fig. 1.85 Rhabdoid tumour of th
Page 59 and 60: transcription factor is fused to th
Page 61 and 62: Leiomyosarcoma S.M. Bonsib Definiti
Page 63 and 64: Angiomyolipoma G. Martignoni M.B. A
Page 65 and 66: melanocytic and smooth muscle marke
Page 67 and 68: Multinucleated and enlarged ganglio
Page 69 and 70: Haemangioma P. Tamboli Definition H
Page 71 and 72: Fig. 1.107 Juxtaglomerular cell tum
Page 73 and 74: Intrarenal schwannoma I. Alvarado-C
Page 75 and 76: Mixed epithelial and stromal tumour
Page 77 and 78: Synovial sarcoma of the kidney J.Y.
Page 79 and 80: Renal carcinoid tumour L.R. Bégin
Page 81 and 82: Primitive neuroectodermal tumour (E
Page 83 and 84: Paraganglioma / Phaeochromocytoma P
Page 85 and 86: Leukaemia A. Orazi Interstitial inf
Page 87: WHO histological classification of
Page 91 and 92: The risk of bladder cancer goes dow
Page 93 and 94: Tumour spread and staging Urinary b
Page 95 and 96: feature in such patients undergoing
Page 97 and 98: A Fig. 2.12 Infiltrative urothelial
Page 99 and 100: A Fig. 2.15 A Infiltrating urotheli
Page 101 and 102: A B Fig. 2.19 A Infiltrative urothe
Page 103 and 104: Fig. 2.23 Infiltrative urothelial c
Page 105 and 106: ing systems have been proposed on t
Page 107 and 108: Non-invasive urothelial tumours G.
Page 109 and 110: chronically inflamed urothelium and
Page 111 and 112: Inverted papilloma G. Sauter Defini
Page 113 and 114: muscle invasive disease, but there
Page 115 and 116: Fig. 2.42 Non-invasive urothelial n
Page 117 and 118: A Fig. 2.45 Non-invasive urothelial
Page 119 and 120: for DBCCR1 silencing {984,2476}. Th
Page 121 and 122: Squamous cell carcinoma D.J. Grigno
Page 123 and 124: Fig. 2.51 Squamous cell carcinoma.
Page 125 and 126: Adenocarcinoma A.G. Ayala P. Tambol
Page 127 and 128: A B Fig. 2.61 A Adenocarcinoma in s
Page 129 and 130: A B Fig. 2.65 Intramural urachal ca
Page 131 and 132: Müllerian origin is postulated for
Page 133 and 134: A Fig. 2.69 Small cell carcinoma. A
Page 135 and 136: Carcinoid L. Cheng Definition Carci
Page 137 and 138: Leiomyosarcoma J. Cheville Definiti
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Osteosarcoma L. Guillou Definition
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Leiomyoma J. Cheville Definition A
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Haemangioma L. Cheng Definition Hae
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Metastatic tumours and secondary ex
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Tumours of the renal pelvis and ure
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nodular, ulcerative or infiltrative
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Tumours of the urethra F. Hofstädt
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usually show enteric, colloid or si
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CHAPTER 3X Tumours of of the the Pr
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TNM classification of carcinomas of
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contrast, mortality among migrants
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Fig. 3.06 Transrectal ultrasound of
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PSA-related diagnostic strategies.
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A B C Fig. 3.10 A,B Section of pros
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pale-clear, similar to benign gland
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A B Fig. 3.20 A, B Adenocarcinoma w
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prostate adenocarcinomas exhibit AR
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A Fig. 3.27 A, B Foamy gland adenoc
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A B Fig. 3.32 A Sarcomatoid carcino
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A B Fig. 3.37 A Gleason score 1+1=2
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A B Fig. 3.43 A Prostate cancer Gle
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Fig. 3.48 Heat map-nature. From S.M
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Fig. 3.51 Prostate cancer. Major su
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many stage T1b cancers. Stage T2 Mo
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Fig. 3.58 Patterns of seminal vesic
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Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
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A B Fig. 3.63 A Micropapillary high
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A B Fig. 3.68 A Ductal carcinoma in
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Ductal adenocarcinoma X.J. Yang L.
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Papillary pattern can be seen in bo
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A B Fig. 3.74 A Inflammation withou
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Squamous neoplasms T.H. Van der Kwa
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Neuroendocrine tumours P.A. di Sant
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Mesenchymal tumours J. Cheville F.
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Fig. 3.89 Sarcoma of the prostate.
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Miscellaneous tumours P.H. Tan L. C
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A Fig. 3.96 A Adenocarcinoma of the
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WHO histological classification of
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Introduction F.K. Mostofi I.A. Sest
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wartime birth cohorts illustrate th
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Similar tumours as those of group 1
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crucial for the development of this
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A B Fig. 4.09 Spermatocytic seminom
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A B Fig. 4.14 Intratubular germ cel
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A B Fig. 4.19 Seminoma. A Typical s
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Fig. 4.24 Seminoma. Vascular invasi
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Fig. 4.28 Spermatocytic seminoma wi
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A B Fig. 4.33 Embryonal carcinoma.
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A B Fig. 4.38 Yolk sac tumour. A En
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have cytoplasmic lacunae that conta
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A Fig. 4.46 Teratoma. A Longitudina
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A B Fig. 4.51 A Cut surface of derm
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Fig. 4.54 Mixed germ cell tumour. L
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Sex cord / gonadal stromal tumours
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A B C Fig. 4.67 Malignant Leydig ce
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A Fig. 4.73 A Sertoli cell tumour.
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ICD-O codes Granulosa cell tumour 8
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ICD-O code 8592/1 Clinical features
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A B Fig. 4.83 Germ cell-sex cord/go
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A Fig. 4.85 A, B Brenner tumour of
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typical grade III follicular morpho
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testicular parenchyma and tumour te
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A B the surgical scar and adjacent
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Immunoprofile Ordóñez and associa
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often have a grey-white cut surface
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Fig. 4.111 Angiomyofibroblastoma-li
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A B Fig. 4.119 Embryonal rhabdomyos
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Table 4.05 Secondary tumours of the
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WHO histological classification of
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A Fig. 5.04 A, B Squamous cell carc
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deformed by an exophytic mass. In s
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A B C Fig. 5.12 A Warty (condylomat
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A Fig. 5.20 Bowenoid papulosis. A,
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three had been circumcized by 9 yea
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Mesenchymal tumours J.F. Fetsch M.
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Fig. 5.31 Neurofibroma of the penis
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oectodermal tumour/Ewing sarcoma [p
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Secondary tumours of the penis C.J.
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Dr John N. EBLE* Dept. of Pathology
Page 297 and 298:
Dr Ricardo PANIAGUA Department of C
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Source of charts and photographs 1.
Page 301 and 302:
References 1. Anon. (1955). Case re
Page 303 and 304:
115. Ariel I, Sughayer M, Fellig Y,
Page 305 and 306:
246. Birt AR, Hogg GR, Dube WJ (197
Page 307 and 308:
374. Cardone G, Malventi M, Roffi M
Page 309 and 310:
502. Corti B, Carella R, Gabusi E,
Page 311 and 312:
633. Donhuijsen K, Schmidt U, Richt
Page 313 and 314:
768. Fischer J, Palmedo G, von Knob
Page 315 and 316:
900. Goedert JJ, Cote TR, Virgo P,
Page 317 and 318:
1028. Hartmann A, Dietmaier W, Hofs
Page 319 and 320:
1162. Iezzoni JC, Fechner RE, Wong
Page 321 and 322:
1293. Keetch DW, Catalona WJ (1995)
Page 323 and 324:
1424. Ladanyi M, Lui MY, Antonescu
Page 325 and 326:
1548. Lopez-Beltran A, Croghan GA,
Page 327 and 328:
1681. McLaughlin JK, Silverman DT,
Page 329 and 330:
1816. Moudouni SM, En-Nia I, Rioux-
Page 331 and 332:
1945. Ohori M, Wheeler TM, Kattan M
Page 333 and 334:
2070. Phillips G, Kumari-Subaiya S,
Page 335 and 336:
2199. Riou G, Barrois M, Prost S, T
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2327. Schmidt L, Junker K, Weirich
Page 339 and 340:
2450. Smith G, Elton RA, Beynon LL,
Page 341 and 342:
2572. Tamboli P, Mohsin SK, Hailema
Page 343 and 344:
2693. van Echten J, Timmer A, van d
Page 345 and 346:
2816. Wick MR, Berg LC, Hertz MI (1
Page 347 and 348:
2937. Zhuang Z, Park WS, Pack S, Sc
Page 349 and 350:
CCNB, 226 CCND1, 105, 108 CCND2, 22
Page 351 and 352:
J Juvenile type granulosa cell tumo
Page 353 and 354:
Promoter methylation, 21 Prostate s
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Eble JN, Sauter G., Epstein JI, Sesterhenn IA - iarc

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