Yellowstone's Northern Range - Greater Yellowstone Science ...

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Mehus, C.A. 1995. Influences ofbrawsing and fire on sagebrush taxa of the northern Yellowstone winter range. M.S. Thesis, Montana State University, Bozeman. 70pp. Merrill, E., and M.S. Boyce. 1991. Summer range and elk population dynamics in Yellowstone National Park. Pages 263-274 in RB. Keiter and M.S. Boyce, eds. The greater Yellowstone ecosystem~ redefining America's wilderness heritage. Yale University Press, New Haven. __ , and __ . 1996. Summer range and elk population dynamics in Yellowstone National Park. Pages 313-318 in FJ. Singer, ed. Effects of grazing by wild ungulates in Yellowstone National Park. Technical Report NPS/ NRYELLINRTRl96-01, NPS, Natural Resource Information Division, Denver. __ , __ , R. Marrs, and M.K. Bramble Bradahl. 1988. Grassland phytomass, climatic variation and ungulate population dynamics in Yellowstone National Park. Final report, U.Wy USNPS Research Center. 63pp. __ , M.K. Bramble-Bradahl, RW. Marrs, and M.S. Boyce. 1993. Estimation of green herbaceous phytomass fram Landsat MSS data in Yellowstone National Park. Journal of Range Management 46: 151-157. __ , __ , __ , and __ . 1996. Estimation of green herbaceous phytomass from Landsat MSS data in Yellowstone National Park. Pages 367-375 in F.J. Singer, ed. Effects of grazing by wild ungulates in Yellowstone National Park. Technical Report NPS/ NRYELLINRTRl96-01, NPS, Natural Resource Information Division, Denver. __ , J. Hak, and N. Stanton. 1994a. Responses of nematodes to ungulate herbivory on bluebunch wheatgrass and idaho fescue in Yellowstone National Park. Pages 231-238 in D. Despain, ed. Plants and their environments: proceedings of the first scientific conference on the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Technical Report NPSINRYELLINRTR. USDI, NPS, Denver. __ , N.L. Stanton, and J.C. Hak. 1994b. Responses of bluebunch wheatgrass, Idaho fescue, and nematodes to ungulate grazing in Yellowstone National Park. Oikos 69:231-240. __ , __ , and __ . 1996. Responses of bluebunch wheatgrass, Idaho fescue, and nematodes to ungulate grazing in Yellowstone National Park. Pages 73-84 in F.J. Singer, ed. Effects of grazing by wild ungulates in Yellowstone National Park. Technical Report NPSINRYELLINRTRl96-01, NPS, Natural REFERENCE LIST 142 Resource Information Division, Denver. Messier, F., W.C. Gasaway, and RO. Peterson. 1995. Wolf-ungulate interactions in the northern range of Yellowstone: hypotheses, research priorities, and methodologies. manuscript report, Midcontinent Ecological Science Center, National Biological Service, Fort Collins, Colo. 24pp. Meyer, G. 1993. Holocene and modern geomorphic response to forest fires and climate change in Yellowstone National Park. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Mexico, Albuquerque. 402pp. __ , ed. 1995. 1995 field conference guidebook, Friends of the Pleistocene-Rocky Mountain Cell. Late Pleistocene-Holocene evolution of the northeastern Yellowstone landscape, August 25-27, 1995. Middlebury College, Vermont. Pagination by section. Meyer, G., S. Wells, R Balling, and AJ. Jull. 1992. Response of alluvial systems to fire and climate change in Yellowstone National Park. Nature 357:147-149. __ , __ , and A.J.T. Jull. 1995. Fire and alluvial chronology in Yellowstone National Park: Climatic and intrinsic controls on Holocene geomorphic processes. GSA Bulletin 107(10): 121 1-1230. __ , and M. Meagher. 1993. Brucella abortus infection in the Yellowstone National Park freeranging bison herd. Pages 362-377 in Proceedings of the North American Public Bison Herds Symposium, Custer, South Dakota. __ , and __ . 1994. On the origin of brucellosis in bison of Yellowstone National Park: a review. Conservation Biology 8(3):645-653. Millspaugh, S.H., and C. Whitlock. 1995. A 750- year fire history based on lake sediment records in central Yellowstone National Park, USA. The Holocene 5(3):283-292. Mullenders, W., and M. Coremans. 1996. Modern pollen spectra fram Yellowstone National Park, Grand Teton National Park, Wind River Range and adjacent regions Wyoming. In: Pleistocene Palynostratigraphy (F. Gullentops, ed.), Aardkundige Mededelingen, 7:1-44, Leuven Univ. Press, Belgium. __ , G.M. Richmond, and M. Coremans. 1996. Palynology and geology of pleistocene deposits from Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. In: Pleistocene Palynostratigraphy (F. Gullentops, ed.), Aardkundige Mededelingen, 7:45-86, Leuven Univ. Press, Belgium. Murie, A. 1940. Ecology of the coyote in the
Yellowstone. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 206pp. Murphy, K.M., G.S. Felzien, S.E. Ralyea, and M.G. Hornocker. 1993. The ecology of the mountain lion in the northern Yellowstone ecosystem. Cumulative Progress Report No.5, Wildlife Research Institute, Moscow, Id. 39pp. Naiman, R.J, C.A. Johnston, and J.e. Kelly. 1988. Alteration of North American streams by beaver. BioScience 38(11):753-762. National Park Service. 1988. Management Policies. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.e. Norland, J.E, F.J. Singer, and L. Mack. 1996. Effects of the Yellowstone fires of 1988 on elk habitats. Pages 223-232 in J. Greenlee, ed. The ecological implications of fire in Greater Yellowstone: proceedings of the second biennial conference on the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. International Association of Wildland Fire, Fairfield, Wash. O'Gara, B. 1990. Summary offinal recommendations made by the outside advisory committee on pronghorn antelope research and management in Ye1!owstone National Park. Committee report, Yellowstone Center for Resources files. 9pp. O'Hara, P.M. 1994. Morphometric analysis of flood potential and channel erosion in small drainage basins of northeastern Yellowstone National Park. B.A. Thesis, Middlebury College, Vermont. 42pp. Oldemeyer, J.L., W.J. Barmore, and D.L. Gilbert. 1971. Winter ecology of bighorn sheep in Yellowstone National Park. Journal of Wildlife Management 35:257-269 Patten, D.T. 1993. Herbivore optimization and overcompensation: does native herbivory on western rangelands support these theories? Ecological applications 3(1):35-36. Pearson, S., M.G. Turner, L.L. Wallace, and W.H. Romme. 1995. Winter habitat use by large ungulates following fire in northern Yellowstone National Park. Ecological Applications 5(3):744-755. Peek, J. 1980. Natural regulation of ungulates (what constitutes a real wilderness?). Wildlife Society Bulletin 8(3):217-227. __ . 1983. Book review: The nOlthern Yellowstone elk. Journal of Wildlife Management 47(4):1254-1255. Pengelly, W.L. 1963. Thunder on the Yellowstone. Naturalist 14:18-25. Phillips, M.K., and D.W. Smith. 1996. The wolves of Yellowstone. Voyageur Press, Stillwater, THE NORTHERN RANGE 143 Minn. 128pp. Pielou, E.C. 1991. After the Ice Age: the return of life to glaciated North America. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago. 366pp. Pierce, W.G. 1961. Permafrost and thaw depressions in a peat deposit in the Beartooth Mountains, Northwestern Wyoming. Short papers in the geologic and hydrologic sciences, articles 1- 146, Geological Survey Research, B-154-B 156. Porter, W.P. 1992. Burgeoning ungulate populations in national parks: is intervention warranted? Pages 304-312 in D.R. McCullough and R.H. Barrett, eds. Wildlife 2000: populations. Elsevier Applied Science, London. Price, D., and P. Schullery. 1993. The bison of Yellowstone: the challenge of conservation. Bison World, NovemberlDecember 1993, Pages 18-23. Prins, H.H.T., and H.P. Van der Jeugd. 1993. Herbivore popUlation crashes and woodland structure in East Africa. Journal of Ecology 81:305-314. Pritchard, J.A. 1996. Preserving natural conditions: science and the perception of nature in Yellowstone National Park. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Kansas, Lawrence. Ramenofsky, A.F. 1987. Vectors of death: the archeology of European contact. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. 300pp. Reardon, J. 1996. Changes in grazed and protected plant communities in Yellowstone National Park. Pages 115-126 in FJ. Singer, ed. Effects of grazing by wild ungulates in Yellowstone National Park. Technical Report NPSINRYELLINRTRl96-01, NPS, Natural Resource Information Division, Denver. Renkin, R., D. Despain, and D. Clark. 1994. Abstract: Aspen seedlings following the 1988 fires. Pages 335-337 in D. Despain, ed. Plants and their environments: proceedings of the first scientific conference on the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Technical Report NPSINRYELLI NRTR. USDI, NPS, Denver. Renkin, R., and D. Despain. 1994a. Fuel moisture, forest type, and lightning-caused fire in Yellowstone National Park. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22(1)37-45. __ , and __ . 1994b. Abstract: Suckering in burned aspen as related to above-ground and below-ground biomass. Pages 341-342 in D. Despain, ed. Plants and their environments: proceedings of the first scientific conference on the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Technical Report NPSINRYELLINRTR. USDI, NPS, Denver.
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YELLOW"STONE'S NORTHERN RANGE COMPL
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Suggested citation: Yellowstone Nat
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c=J Northern Winter Range _ Boundar
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Aspen, willows, and biodiversity ..
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vii
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THE NORTHERN RANGE xii range criter
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 8 Figure 1.8. El
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 10 unpopular or
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 12 earlier Yello
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 16 Northern rang
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Figure 2.3. Sum ot rotal annual riv
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 20 Figure 2.4 Tr
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 22 dendrochronol
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 24 Figure 2.7. A
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 26 et al. (1991)
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 28 earlier time,
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 32 systems-range
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 34 indicates the
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 36 Data were gat
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 38 grazed and un
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THE NORTHERN RANGE showed that graz
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Figure 4.1. Northern range, showing
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Figure 4.2. Willow distribution in
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 48 Figure 4.4. I
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 50 public lands,
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THE NORTIlERN RANGE 52 Figure 4.5.
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 54 able uncertai
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 56 to confirm an
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 58 RESEARCH RECO
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SOIL, EROSION, SEDIMENTS, AND WATER
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SOIL, EROSION, SEDIMENTS, AND WATER
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ated with ungulate winter ranges. T
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ELK POPULATION ISSUES IS YELLOWSTON
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ange grazing issue, Yellowstone man
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ELK POPULATION ISSUES 71 ... Other
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ELK POPULATION ISSUES 73 1996d), so
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ELK POPULATION ISSUES 75 the northe
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ELK POPULATION ISSUES 77 It has evo
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 82 Competition t
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Figure 7.3. Bison winter range. Sin
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THE NORTHERN RANGE Figure 7.7. Envi
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 88 not aware of
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 90 tion size, an
Page 108 and 109: THE NORTHERN RANGE 92 activity (95
Page 110 and 111: THE NORTHERN RANGE 94 pursue the su
Page 112 and 113: THE NORTHERN RANGE 96 factors were
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Page 118 and 119: THE NORTHERN RANGE 102 complex set
Page 120 and 121: THE NORTHERN RANGE 104 practically
Page 122 and 123: THE NORTHERN RANGE 106 appear suppr
Page 124 and 125: AppendixA. Conferences, Meetings, a
Page 126 and 127: lJO Year Estimate Comment Source 19
Page 128 and 129: lJ2 , Estimated # of Elk Year Date
Page 130 and 131: lJ4 Winter Total Count 1967-68 397
Page 132 and 133: 116 Year Date of Count Parkwide Par
Page 134 and 135: 118 Counts and estimates of mule de
Page 136 and 137: 120 Northern Yellowstone winter ran
Page 138 and 139: 122 Population estimates and reduct
Page 140 and 141: 124 Actual count Inside Outside Est
Page 142 and 143: Pronghorn counted during spring sur
Page 144 and 145: 128 Year 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1
Page 146 and 147: Ground and aerial counts of bighorn
Page 148 and 149: REFERENCE LIST NOTES ON THIS REFERE
Page 150 and 151: Pages 199-210 in Carbyn, L.N., S.H.
Page 152 and 153: Yellowstone National Park. Technica
Page 154 and 155: mammal mortality in the 1988 Yellow
Page 156 and 157: National Park. International Journa
Page 160 and 161: __ , and __ . 1996a. Preburn root b
Page 162 and 163: Pages 127-138 in F.J. Singer, ed. E
Page 164 and 165: some northern Yellowstone elk. M.S.
Page 166: I I I I I
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