Yellowstone's Northern Range - Greater Yellowstone Science ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

c=J Northern Winter Range _ Boundary Line Area -- Rivers --Roads - ... Park Boundary Nt 6.2km f-------t-I - (10 mi) Yellowstone's Northern Winter Range
Table of Contents Foreword .......................................................................................... ix Executive summary ............................................................................ xi Chapter One: History of the northern range research and management ........................................................... 1 Early management ...................................................................... 2 The era of intensive management and early research ................. 3 The natural regulation era ........................................................... 8 The recent research initiative .................................................... 12 Chapter Two: The prehistoric and early historical setting ............... 15 Climate and the northern range ................................................ 15 Climate: research recommendations ......................................... 20 Fire and the northern range ...................................................... 21 Fire: research recommendations .............................................. 21 Paleontology, archeology, and history of the northern range: introductory comments ......................... 22 The paleontological record ....................................................... 22 The archeological record .......................................................... 24 The historical record ................................................................. 27 Conclusions .............................................................................. 29 Chapter Three: Grasslands ............................................................... 31 Defining overgrazing ................................................................ 31 Grassland species composition and abundance ........................ 33 Grassland production ................................................................ 35 Forage quality ........................................................................... 38 Nutrient cycling ........................................................................ 38 Grass sizes and shapes .............................................................. 39 Litter ......................................................................................... 39 Grass roots ................................................................................ 39 Forbs ......................................................................................... 39 Soils ......................................................................................... 40 Research recommendations: grasslands ................................... 40 Conclusions .............................................................................. 40 Chapter Four: Woody vegetation ..................................................... 43 Sagebrush ................................................................................. 43 Research recommendations: sagebrush ................................... 45 Willows ..................................................................................... 46 Research recommendations: willows ...................................... 50 Quaking aspen .......................................................................... 51 Research recommendations: quaking aspen ............................ 55 v
Page 1: YELLOW"STONE'S NORTHERN RANGE COMPL
Page 4 and 5: .. •.
Page 6 and 7: Suggested citation: Yellowstone Nat
Page 10 and 11: Aspen, willows, and biodiversity ..
Page 12 and 13: vii
Page 14 and 15: THE NORTHERN RANGE xii range criter
Page 16 and 17: L ~I , }! \,.'1. J 4 f ; " IF , , 1
Page 18 and 19: THE NORTHERN RANGE 2 Figure 1.1. Ph
Page 20 and 21: THE NORTHERN RANGE tion. There was
Page 22 and 23: THE NORTHERN RANGE 6 Figure 1.6. Gr
Page 24 and 25: THE NORTHERN RANGE 8 Figure 1.8. El
Page 26 and 27: THE NORTHERN RANGE 10 unpopular or
Page 28 and 29: THE NORTHERN RANGE 12 earlier Yello
Page 30 and 31: , ! ~ , I~ " 1 \, • .' '-, , \, ,
Page 32 and 33: THE NORTHERN RANGE 16 Northern rang
Page 34 and 35: Figure 2.3. Sum ot rotal annual riv
Page 36 and 37: THE NORTHERN RANGE 20 Figure 2.4 Tr
Page 38 and 39: THE NORTHERN RANGE 22 dendrochronol
Page 40 and 41: THE NORTHERN RANGE 24 Figure 2.7. A
Page 42 and 43: THE NORTHERN RANGE 26 et al. (1991)
Page 44 and 45: THE NORTHERN RANGE 28 earlier time,
Page 46 and 47: .', P (/ i0~ , • 9 ~ § , , ~ , i
Page 48 and 49: THE NORTHERN RANGE 32 systems-range
Page 50 and 51: THE NORTHERN RANGE 34 indicates the
Page 52 and 53: THE NORTHERN RANGE 36 Data were gat
Page 54 and 55: THE NORTHERN RANGE 38 grazed and un
Page 56 and 57: THE NORTHERN RANGE showed that graz
Page 58 and 59:
, ~ , • V , '. ~ ;' t ~ " ~ .' .~
Page 60 and 61:
Figure 4.1. Northern range, showing
Page 62 and 63:
Figure 4.2. Willow distribution in
Page 64 and 65:
THE NORTHERN RANGE 48 Figure 4.4. I
Page 66 and 67:
THE NORTHERN RANGE 50 public lands,
Page 68 and 69:
THE NORTIlERN RANGE 52 Figure 4.5.
Page 70 and 71:
THE NORTHERN RANGE 54 able uncertai
Page 72 and 73:
THE NORTHERN RANGE 56 to confirm an
Page 74:
THE NORTHERN RANGE 58 RESEARCH RECO
Page 77 and 78:
SOIL, EROSION, SEDIMENTS, AND WATER
Page 79 and 80:
SOIL, EROSION, SEDIMENTS, AND WATER
Page 81 and 82:
ated with ungulate winter ranges. T
Page 83 and 84:
ELK POPULATION ISSUES IS YELLOWSTON
Page 85 and 86:
ange grazing issue, Yellowstone man
Page 87 and 88:
ELK POPULATION ISSUES 71 ... Other
Page 89 and 90:
ELK POPULATION ISSUES 73 1996d), so
Page 91 and 92:
ELK POPULATION ISSUES 75 the northe
Page 93 and 94:
ELK POPULATION ISSUES 77 It has evo
Page 96 and 97:
4 , ~ 1 v " 'It , \ J~ ~""~ .:,~ ",
Page 98 and 99:
THE NORTHERN RANGE 82 Competition t
Page 100 and 101:
Figure 7.3. Bison winter range. Sin
Page 102 and 103:
THE NORTHERN RANGE Figure 7.7. Envi
Page 104 and 105:
THE NORTHERN RANGE 88 not aware of
Page 106 and 107:
THE NORTHERN RANGE 90 tion size, an
Page 108 and 109:
THE NORTHERN RANGE 92 activity (95
Page 110 and 111:
THE NORTHERN RANGE 94 pursue the su
Page 112 and 113:
THE NORTHERN RANGE 96 factors were
Page 114 and 115:
THE NORTHERN RANGE Figure 7.13. Num
Page 116 and 117:
, .. , , " , ! I ." ~, ~ " ,.\ ,•
Page 118 and 119:
THE NORTHERN RANGE 102 complex set
Page 120 and 121:
THE NORTHERN RANGE 104 practically
Page 122 and 123:
THE NORTHERN RANGE 106 appear suppr
Page 124 and 125:
AppendixA. Conferences, Meetings, a
Page 126 and 127:
lJO Year Estimate Comment Source 19
Page 128 and 129:
lJ2 , Estimated # of Elk Year Date
Page 130 and 131:
lJ4 Winter Total Count 1967-68 397
Page 132 and 133:
116 Year Date of Count Parkwide Par
Page 134 and 135:
118 Counts and estimates of mule de
Page 136 and 137:
120 Northern Yellowstone winter ran
Page 138 and 139:
122 Population estimates and reduct
Page 140 and 141:
124 Actual count Inside Outside Est
Page 142 and 143:
Pronghorn counted during spring sur
Page 144 and 145:
128 Year 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1
Page 146 and 147:
Ground and aerial counts of bighorn
Page 148 and 149:
REFERENCE LIST NOTES ON THIS REFERE
Page 150 and 151:
Pages 199-210 in Carbyn, L.N., S.H.
Page 152 and 153:
Yellowstone National Park. Technica
Page 154 and 155:
mammal mortality in the 1988 Yellow
Page 156 and 157:
National Park. International Journa
Page 158 and 159:
Mehus, C.A. 1995. Influences ofbraw
Page 160 and 161:
__ , and __ . 1996a. Preburn root b
Page 162 and 163:
Pages 127-138 in F.J. Singer, ed. E
Page 164 and 165:
some northern Yellowstone elk. M.S.
Page 166:
I I I I I
show all

Yellowstone's Northern Range - Greater Yellowstone Science ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?