Yellowstone's Northern Range - Greater Yellowstone Science ...

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ELK AND OTHER WILDLIFE SPECIES ELK AND OTHER HERBIVORES: RESEARCH SUMMARY The nOlthern <strong>Yellowstone</strong> elk herd more than quadrupled in numbers between 1968, the time of their release from in-park reductions, and 1988 (Appendix B). This increase has given rise to COncerns in the popular press (Chase 1986) and in scientific circles (Kay 1990, Wagner et aJ. 1995a) that elk are pushing other ungulate species off the northelTI range. As mentioned earlier, competition between species is a fact of life in nature. The existence of competition in itself should not be regarded as proof that something is wrong. Dozens of birds species and thousands of insect sp~cies compete for common resources on the northern range, but the varying fortunes of these competing species are not commonly thought of as something in need of repair. Thus, though it is true that the ungulates of the northern range do to varying extents specialize in food selection, they also overlap, some greatly. This leaves the difficult question of how much overlap and competition can be tolerated under the National Park Service's mandates to preserve native species. As discussed in chapters Four and Six this is a complex question. In this section, research findings on this subject are reviewed.
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YELLOW"STONE'S NORTHERN RANGE COMPL
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Suggested citation: Yellowstone Nat
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c=J Northern Winter Range _ Boundar
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Aspen, willows, and biodiversity ..
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vii
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THE NORTHERN RANGE xii range criter
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 2 Figure 1.1. Ph
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THE NORTHERN RANGE tion. There was
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 6 Figure 1.6. Gr
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 8 Figure 1.8. El
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 10 unpopular or
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 12 earlier Yello
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, ! ~ , I~ " 1 \, • .' '-, , \, ,
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 16 Northern rang
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Figure 2.3. Sum ot rotal annual riv
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 20 Figure 2.4 Tr
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 22 dendrochronol
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 24 Figure 2.7. A
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THE NORTHERN RANGE 26 et al. (1991)
Page 44 and 45: THE NORTHERN RANGE 28 earlier time,
Page 46 and 47: .', P (/ i0~ , • 9 ~ § , , ~ , i
Page 48 and 49: THE NORTHERN RANGE 32 systems-range
Page 50 and 51: THE NORTHERN RANGE 34 indicates the
Page 52 and 53: THE NORTHERN RANGE 36 Data were gat
Page 54 and 55: THE NORTHERN RANGE 38 grazed and un
Page 56 and 57: THE NORTHERN RANGE showed that graz
Page 58 and 59: , ~ , • V , '. ~ ;' t ~ " ~ .' .~
Page 60 and 61: Figure 4.1. Northern range, showing
Page 62 and 63: Figure 4.2. Willow distribution in
Page 64 and 65: THE NORTHERN RANGE 48 Figure 4.4. I
Page 66 and 67: THE NORTHERN RANGE 50 public lands,
Page 68 and 69: THE NORTIlERN RANGE 52 Figure 4.5.
Page 70 and 71: THE NORTHERN RANGE 54 able uncertai
Page 72 and 73: THE NORTHERN RANGE 56 to confirm an
Page 74: THE NORTHERN RANGE 58 RESEARCH RECO
Page 77 and 78: SOIL, EROSION, SEDIMENTS, AND WATER
Page 79 and 80: SOIL, EROSION, SEDIMENTS, AND WATER
Page 81 and 82: ated with ungulate winter ranges. T
Page 83 and 84: ELK POPULATION ISSUES IS YELLOWSTON
Page 85 and 86: ange grazing issue, Yellowstone man
Page 87 and 88: ELK POPULATION ISSUES 71 ... Other
Page 89 and 90: ELK POPULATION ISSUES 73 1996d), so
Page 91 and 92: ELK POPULATION ISSUES 75 the northe
Page 93 and 94: ELK POPULATION ISSUES 77 It has evo
Page 98 and 99: THE NORTHERN RANGE 82 Competition t
Page 100 and 101: Figure 7.3. Bison winter range. Sin
Page 102 and 103: THE NORTHERN RANGE Figure 7.7. Envi
Page 104 and 105: THE NORTHERN RANGE 88 not aware of
Page 106 and 107: THE NORTHERN RANGE 90 tion size, an
Page 108 and 109: THE NORTHERN RANGE 92 activity (95
Page 110 and 111: THE NORTHERN RANGE 94 pursue the su
Page 112 and 113: THE NORTHERN RANGE 96 factors were
Page 114 and 115: THE NORTHERN RANGE Figure 7.13. Num
Page 116 and 117: , .. , , " , ! I ." ~, ~ " ,.\ ,•
Page 118 and 119: THE NORTHERN RANGE 102 complex set
Page 120 and 121: THE NORTHERN RANGE 104 practically
Page 122 and 123: THE NORTHERN RANGE 106 appear suppr
Page 124 and 125: AppendixA. Conferences, Meetings, a
Page 126 and 127: lJO Year Estimate Comment Source 19
Page 128 and 129: lJ2 , Estimated # of Elk Year Date
Page 130 and 131: lJ4 Winter Total Count 1967-68 397
Page 132 and 133: 116 Year Date of Count Parkwide Par
Page 134 and 135: 118 Counts and estimates of mule de
Page 136 and 137: 120 Northern Yellowstone winter ran
Page 138 and 139: 122 Population estimates and reduct
Page 140 and 141: 124 Actual count Inside Outside Est
Page 142 and 143: Pronghorn counted during spring sur
Page 144 and 145: 128 Year 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1
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Ground and aerial counts of bighorn
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REFERENCE LIST NOTES ON THIS REFERE
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Pages 199-210 in Carbyn, L.N., S.H.
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Yellowstone National Park. Technica
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mammal mortality in the 1988 Yellow
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National Park. International Journa
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Mehus, C.A. 1995. Influences ofbraw
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__ , and __ . 1996a. Preburn root b
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Pages 127-138 in F.J. Singer, ed. E
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some northern Yellowstone elk. M.S.
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I I I I I
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