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Insurance Contracts CP - Law Reform Commission

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CHAPTER 4<br />

(3) Factors covered by any warranty 76<br />

(4) Waiver 76<br />

(5) The IIF Life Assurance Code of Practice and<br />

Ombudsman Adjudications on Non disclosure 78<br />

(6) Non-Disclosure – the 1957 <strong>Reform</strong> Proposals in<br />

England and Wales 81<br />

(7) The English <strong>Law</strong> <strong>Commission</strong>‘s 1979 Working<br />

Paper 81<br />

(8) The English <strong>Law</strong> <strong>Commission</strong>‘s 1980 Report 83<br />

(9) The general duty of disclosure in the 1980<br />

Report 83<br />

(10)Australia 85<br />

(11)New Zealand 85<br />

(12)The Principles of European <strong>Insurance</strong> Contract<br />

<strong>Law</strong> (PEICL) 86<br />

(13)British Consumer <strong>Insurance</strong> (Disclosure and<br />

Representations) Bill 2011 87<br />

F General Conclusions 88<br />

PRE-CONTRACTUAL MISREPRESENTATION<br />

AND INSURANCE CONTRACTS 91<br />

A Introduction 91<br />

B Judicial approaches to limiting actionable<br />

misrepresentation 92<br />

(1) ―Reading down‖ the statement 92<br />

(2) Honest belief 92<br />

(3) Agent liability 92<br />

(4) Ambiguous questions 92<br />

(5) Interpretation of Ambiguous Answers 94<br />

(6) Are questions asked presumed to be seeking<br />

to identify material facts? 94<br />

(7) Is a failure to answer questions<br />

misrepresentation? 95<br />

(8) Spent Convictions 97<br />

C Misrepresentation – rescission as the primary<br />

remedy 97<br />

(1) Marine <strong>Insurance</strong> Act 1906 and<br />

misrepresentation 98<br />

(2) Limited reforms in Sale of Goods and Supply<br />

of Services Act 1980 99<br />

(3) Should the right to rescind be lost in cases<br />

where the proposer makes a negligent<br />

misrepresentation? 100<br />

(4) Fraudulent Misrepresentation 103<br />

(5) Misrepresentation – the <strong>Insurance</strong><br />

Ombudsman of Ireland Decisions 105<br />

(6) Developments in the United Kingdom on<br />

misrepresentation 106<br />

(7) Innocent misrepresentation 108<br />

CHAPTER 5 WARRANTIES 109<br />

A Introduction 109<br />

B Warranties in General 109<br />

(1) Warranties and Representations 110<br />

(2) Warranties – Matters of substance not form 111<br />

(3) The warranty must be a term of contract. 111<br />

xi

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