the development of russian military policy and finland

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Annex 2 · 71 In line with the current military reform, the Russian Armed Forces have been reduced to 1 million personnel and reorganized from a four-tier (military district - army - division - regiment) to a more flexible and battle-ready three-tier structure (military district - operational command - brigade). At present, there are more than 100 brigades deployed in four military districts. (See after the table on previous page). 251 The military districts have formed their own separate reconnaissance units. The ground forces brigades of constant readiness will be capable to operate independently aside mobile battle groups and other brigades. With the aid of these intelligence units, the commanders have a clear picture of what is happening from 25−100 kilometres beyond the front lines. In the near future this capacity can be extended even to 5000 kilometres by the aid of UAV`s and other modern means. Each military district has its own separate reconnaissance brigade and each motorized and armour brigade has its own reconnaissance battalion. 252 At least three military districts have a new air assault brigade at their disposal. There will be total six of these brigades. To improve the mobility of these brigades each of them will have a helicopter regiment of 60 helicopters (40 Mi-8s and 20 Mi-24s). These brigades will serve in the role of strategic reserve for the Joint Strategic Commands (Military Districts) as the airborne divisions are subordinated the Supreme Command. 253 Each Military District will also have an artillery missile brigade with dual capable Iskander-M missiles. The first brigade of this kind is already operational at Luga base, near St. Petersburg. The range of the missile is officially below 500 kilometres, but it has potential to fly 700 kilometres in its present configuration and 1000 kilometres in a model employing new, more efficient fuel. Each brigade has twelve launchers of two missiles. The new structure of the Russian Ground Forces is said to be alike its western counterparts. The new structure is expected to improve the effectiveness of operations, to coordinate and shorten the chain of command. 254 The brigade organisation also seems noticeably more flexible and more suitable for local conflicts, since the divisions were too large and cumbersome, and regiments on the other hand, lacked weapons and equipment necessary for carrying out independent operations. The ground force brigades will be 251 Pitalev, 2012. 252 Ibid. 253 Gavrilov, 2009. 254 Ibid.
72 · The Development of Russian Military Policy and Finland used as constantly ready units which will be capable to operate independently, along with highly mobile units under one command. 255 The tendency in reorganization is to strengthen important directions like Northwest, South and Far East, on expenses of other areas. 256 Ground Forces play a primary role in defending a large area and long borders of Russia and securing country’s integrity. It has a decisive role also in present circumstances in defeating enemy and in gaining important goals and objectives. 257 Reforming the armament and other equipment The Army Colonel-General Aleksandr Postnikov, the former Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces has stated three problematic areas and six priorities as follows: The problems: • Lack of modern equipment, • Uneven capability and performance of older equipment, ineffective intelligence, C 3 , navigation, target acquisition, camouflage, forces protection, and firepower (“gun power”), • Wide range of equipment models further aggravate maintenance and repair. The six priorities: • The creation of a common, automated intelligence and information system, C 3 I, capable of serving through the chain of command agency on all leadership levels (ESU TZ leadership organization), • Equipping of troops with different kinds of precision long-distance and short-range weapons, 255 ARMY Recognition.com, 18 January 2012, “Russia Allocates $ 160 Million for Development of Three Types of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)” [http://www. armyrecogntion.com/january_2012_army_military_defense_industry_news/russia_allocates_160_million_to_development_of_three_types_of_unmanned_aerial_vehicles_uav_1 801122.html]; Russian Military Forum, “UAVs in the Russian Forces” [http://russiadefence.eng-lish-board.net/t161-uavs-in-the-russian-forces-news]. 256 Kipp, 2011; GlobalSecurity.org, Baltic Fleet [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/mf-baltic.htm]. 257 Tikhonov, 2010.
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THE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN MILITARY
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Stefan Forss, Lauri Kiianlinna, Per
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CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i 1 INTR
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The powerful revi
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The current ground forces east and
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v Comparisons in which Finland’s
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134 The Development of Russian Mil
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Previously published in this series
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No 25, 2004 Joonas Sipilä, Erko Mi
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Strategian laitos Maanpuolustuskork
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