Guidelines - City of Oklahoma City

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Preservation Standards AND Guidelines August 1, 2012 1.5 IMPROVING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF OLDER BUILDINGS Historic buildings are often as energy-efficient as new ones. Data from the U.S. Energy Information Agency found that buildings constructed before 1920 are actually more energy-efficient than those built at any time until the past decade when home builders began a concerted effort of building more energy-efficient buildings. Yet, contrary to common thought, these newer buildings use more energy. When buildings are designed to take advantage of the natural benefits of their site, energy use can be reduced by 50% or more. 4 In Oklahoma City, 49% of homes were constructed before 1970. 5 The high quality of older buildings allows them to be readily adapted to the needs and requirements of twenty-first century occupants. Issues regarding the rehabilitation of older houses include updating mechanical features such as electrical, plumbing and HVAC, weatherization to conserve energy and retrofitting houses to accommodate smaller families. Many houses in Oklahoma City are now 100 years old or older, such as in Mesta Park, established in 1902. Thousands more, such as the city‘s fine collection of Tudor Revival dwellings, will reach this milestone during the next two decades. During the past century, the coal-fired furnaces in these dwellings have generally been replaced with furnaces using natural gas. Original knob and tube electrical wiring has largely been replaced with modern wiring, and central air conditioning has been installed. Basements, crawl spaces, and attics generally afford room for continued retrofitting of modern mechanical upgrades. With proper care, these buildings can last another century and more. Inherent energy efficiency of older buildings Building design features that inherently incorporate the advantages of the natural environment are derived from site orientation, construction, and details of architectural components. Banks of windows on a south elevation, for example, optimize natural light on the interior and also passive solar heat during winter months. During summer months, these windows could be shaded with removable awnings to block heat. Additionally, shade trees can be added to the landscaping to create shade. Evergreen hedges can be added on north-western exposures to serve as wind blocks during winter. In construction, thick masonry walls of older buildings help retain interior heat in the winter and also help lengthen the time it takes for summer heat to penetrate the building. Architectural elements with form-to-function design include operable transoms and high ceilings, both allowing the escape of hot air. Several design guidelines specifically address the advantages of how historic buildings relate to their site and natural setting. 4. “Better Buildings,” City of Charleston, South Carolina, 29. 5.Oklahoma City, Oklahoma QuickLinks, People QuickLinks, “Housing Charcteristics, at website http:// quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/40/4055000lk.html Oklahoma City Historic Districts 14
Preservation Standards AND Guidelines August 1, 2012 5 This Colonial Revival style house at 617 NW 14th Street illustrates several features that minimize energy use and cost: 1. Light colored exterior reflects the sun's heat. 1 2 6 2. Operable windows allow for natural ventilation. 4 3 3. Generous floor to ceiling height allows heat to rise up and away from living space. 4. Porch provides shade across entire facade. 5. Trees provide shade. 6. Wide eaves provide shade. This Tudor Revival style house at 705 NW 42nd Street illustrates several features that enhance energy efficiency: 1. Light colored exterior reflects the sun's heat. 2. Operable windows allow for natural ventilation. 1 4 3 2 5 3. Steep roof allows for heat to rise up and away from living space. 6 4. Porch provides shade. 5. Deciduous trees provide summer shade. 6. Light colored concrete on the driveway and walkway reflects the sun's heat. Oklahoma City Historic Districts 15
Page 1 and 2: OKLAHOMA CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION
Page 3 and 4: Oklahoma City Historic Preservation
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Guidelines - City of Oklahoma City

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