Guidelines - City of Oklahoma City

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Preservation Standards AND Guidelines August 1, 2012 For example, keeping the site‘s natural contour intact reduces erosion. Preserving existing trees or adding shade trees to shield the southern elevation from summer heat will reduce energy consumption within the building. Additionally, the design of the new building should include porches for shade and should be oriented for optimum ventilation. The use of recycled building materials is highly encouraged, and interior appliances should meet high energy-efficiency standards. Tankless water heaters, geothermal heating and solar panels should all be considered. Standards in the construction of new buildings have adopted a ―green building‖ approach. In 1988, the United States Green Building Council (USGBC) initiated the program Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). LEED is an international certification for construction of green buildings. It is a fully integrated rating system, addressing green design, construction, materials and maintenance solutions. LEED is a popular sustainability standard for the built environment in the United States, with a tiered ranking based on energy efficiency, impact on the environment, clean power generation, water usage, run-off prevention and integration of recycled materials. When considering new construction, a property owner should consult a LEED certified professional and incorporate the same principles of sustainability as recommended for owners of historic buildings. This infill house at 516 NW 21st Street is the first Gold certified LEED house constructed in Oklahoma. 1.6 BRIEF HISTORY OF OKLAHOMA CITY With the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the United States obtained the land that would become Oklahoma and its capital Oklahoma City. Sixteen years later, the United States Congress created Arkansas Territory that included what would become the states of Arkansas and Oklahoma. The Indian Removal Act of 1830 led to the forced removal of the Five Civilized Tribes, among others, from their lands in points north and east of what became known as Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma without the panhandle). Much of what would become Oklahoma remained the home of various tribes until after the Civil War. Oklahoma City was born in the Unassigned Lands at high noon on April 22, 1889. That was the day of the famous Land Run when 10,000 people settled in this new area of the American Frontier hoping to get free land and start a new life. At the time, the area was just a stop on the empty prairie along the Santa Fe Railroad. There were no laws to establish a city, so the people joined together to make the government and laws for themselves. Oklahoma City Historic Districts 22
Preservation Standards AND Guidelines August 1, 2012 On that first day, two companies competed to create the new town. Arguments occurred and some were settled by gunfire. The two sides soon agreed to elect a government to help solve their differences. Based on looks alone, a mayor and four councilmen were elected to run the new city. When Oklahoma Territory formed in May 1890, Oklahoma City had 4,151 citizens and the people were finally allowed to have elections again. On August 9, voters elected Mayor W.J. Gault, a clerk, a judge, a treasurer, and eight aldermen to govern the city. Their first official act created the police force. This simple form of government tamed the wild frontier town of Oklahoma City for about twenty years. During that time citizens learned that by working together they could achieve great things. Statehood for Oklahoma came on November 16, 1907 with Guthrie as the state capital. Oklahoma City was then a center of commerce with streets lined with fashionable shops, stores, hotels and restaurants. In 1910, there was a petition to move the state capitol from Guthrie to Oklahoma City; a popular vote was held, and Oklahoma City won. That night, Governor Charles Haskell and a group of conspirators gathered at the Lee-Huckins Hotel in Oklahoma City and undertook a midnight trip to Guthrie to retrieve the State Seal; it was brought back to Oklahoma City, and the governor then declared the hotel the temporary capitol building. The permanent state capitol, located at Lincoln Avenue and 23rd Street, was dedicated in 1917. The dome included in the original design was not built due to excessive costs and a wartime shortage of building materials. The dome was later constructed in 2000-2002. During its early years, Oklahoma City‘s wealth derived from cattle, growth of the city as a regional center and its stature as the state capital. While most of the settlers lived on their land, there were several, such as Henry Overholser, who developed commercial and residential property. Original homes were within walking distance of the town center, and with the arrival of the streetcar in the early 1900s, residential neighborhoods began to extend from downtown. Overholser built one of the first and finest homes in Heritage Hills and others followed his example. Victorian, and later bungalow, prairie and revival-style homes were built to house the growing middle-class. The city‘s population had grown to 64,000 in 1909 and in the following years, there was unprecedented growth in the city with construction reaching new heights. Jefferson Park, University Addition (now Mesta Park), Putnam Heights and Heritage Hills were developed during these years. Growth continued during World War I, and was soon supported by yet another boom – oil was discovered in the city in 1928. While Oklahoma City was buffered from the recession of 1929 by this new prosperity, it could not completely shield itself from the national depression, feeling its effects in the early 1930‘s. By then, many of the neighborhoods and districts that would become the city's historic districts had been established and were thriving. After World War II, the city continued its growth outward from the downtown area and beyond the currently zoned Historic Preservation (HP) and Historic Landmark (HL) districts and properties. Most of the Historic Preservation (HP) and Historic Landmark (HL) zoned districts and properties are listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Oklahoma City has several other residential and commercial districts and individual properties that are listed in the National Register of Historic Places that do not enjoy the benefits of being locally zoned as HP or HL. Listing in the National Register and being locally zoned as HP or HL are two different processes with different implications. While the Historic Preservation Ordinance, a part of the Municipal Code, and these Standards and Guidelines are required to be considered for proposed exterior changes in areas that are locally zoned HP or HL; it is hoped that these Standards and Guidelines will serve as a resource for others that voluntarily seek to retain the historic character of their older or historic property. Oklahoma City Historic Districts 23
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Guidelines - City of Oklahoma City

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