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Risk-Based Inspection
API ICP Self Study Notes
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API 580<br />
Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
The operating conditions, including any sensitivity analysis, used for the RBI assessment should be recorded as the operating limits for the assessment. Operating within the boundaries is fundamental to the validity of the RBI study as well as good operating practice. It is vital to establish and monitor key process parameters that may affect equipment integrity to determine whether operations are maintained within boundaries (i.e. IOWs). 操 作 条 件 , 包 括 任 何 的 敏 感 性 分 析 作 为 RBI 分 析 参 数 , 应 记 录 为 操 作 限 制 . 在 这 限 制 下 操 作 也 是 风 险 评 估 的 有 效 性 基 础 , 以 及 有 效 性 良 好 的 运 行 实 践 API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Risk-Based Inspection Downstream Se
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基 于 风 险 的 检 验 - 下
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API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang R
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Foreword
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API 580 旨 在 补 充 API 510, AP
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5 Basic Risk Assessment Concepts 5.
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10 Assessing Probability of Failure
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13 Risk Management with Inspection
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15 Reassessment and Updating RBI As
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Figures 1 Management of Risk Using
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Introduction This recommended pract
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RBI is synonymous 同 义 with •
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Contents 1 Purpose 1.1 General 1.2
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It provides guidance to (1) owners,
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RBI 过 程 预 期 成 果 : The e
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The RBI process 能 够 产 生 的
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任 何 其 他 风 险 缓 解 活
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RBI 过 程 预 期 成 果 (1) 所
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RBI 过 程 预 期 成 果 (2) 每
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RBI 过 程 预 期 成 果 (2) 每
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RBI 过 程 预 期 成 果 (2) 每
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RBI 过 程 预 期 成 果 3) 任
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RBI 过 程 预 期 成 果 3) 任
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RBI 过 程 预 期 成 果 3) 任
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RBI 过 程 预 期 成 果 3) 任
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1.2 RBI Benefits and Limitations
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RBI Benefits and Limitations
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a) an acceptance/understanding of t
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a) an acceptance/understanding of t
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The RBI plans also identify equipme
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RBI is based on sound, proven risk
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inadequate designs or faulty equipm
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not effectively executing the plans
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lack of sound engineering or operat
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RBI should serve to guide the direc
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proven inspection technologies that
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综 合 管 理 工 具 配 合 其
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Contents 2 Scope 2.1 Industry Scope
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this RP is specifically targeted at
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2.2 Flexibility in Application 灵
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2.3 Mechanical Integrity Focused Th
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RBI 补 足 HAZOP/PHA/RCM 作 为
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2.4 Equipment Covered 覆 盖 设
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Process Piping- Pipe and piping com
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Storage Tanks- Atmospheric and pres
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Boilers and Heaters - Pressurized c
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2.5 Equipment Not Covered 不 覆
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虽 然 主 要 观 众 为 负 责
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3 Normative References API 580 Char
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Societies/Organizations: 1. ASME In
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• AICHE 2, Dow’s Fire and Explo
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Contents 4 Terms, Definitions, Acro
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1.2 RBI Benefits and Limitations
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4.1.4 components 组 成 整 件
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4.1.9 damage (or deterioration) mod
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4.1.14 event 事 件 Occurrence of
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4.1.18 Failure ……………… 1
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For RBI, the failure of concern is
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4.1.22 hazard and operability study
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4.1.26 management of change MOC 变
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4.1.29 process unit 工 艺 设 备
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Reformer PFD Facility →Process un
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Facility →Process units → Syste
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4.1.30 qualitative risk analysis
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定 性 风 险 分 析 的 结 果
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4.1.31 quantitative risk analysis Q
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4.1.35 Risk 风 险 - 事 件 的
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4.1.37 risk analysis 风 险 分
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concerns of stakeholders? API 580 C
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concerns of stakeholders? API 580 C
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concerns of stakeholders? API 580 C
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concerns of stakeholders? Himba wom
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concerns of stakeholders? API 580 C
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4.1.41 risk communication 风 险
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isk criteria 风 险 标 准 Terms
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4.1.48 risk mitigation 风 险 缓
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4.1.53 System 系 统 A collection
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4.1.55 toxic chemical 有 毒 化
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4.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations ACC
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5 Basic Risk Assessment Concepts AP
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5.1 What is Risk? 什 么 是 风
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For example, in driving a car, peop
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Risk is the combination of the prob
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5.3 The Evolution of Inspection Int
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With advances in inspection approac
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RBI represents the next generation
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5.4 Overview of Risk Analysis 风
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e) determine credible failure mode
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Data → Damage Mechanism→ Damage
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A point is reached where additional
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typical inspection program Upper cu
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RBI Inspection lower risks can be a
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残 余 风 险 API 580 Charlie Cho
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5.6 Relative Risk vs Absolute Risk
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API 580 RBI RBI is focused on a sys
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6.1 Key Elements of an RBI Program
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6.2 Consequence and Probability for
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Combining the probability of one or
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Traditionally, organizations have f
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The RBI procedure can be applied qu
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所 选 择 的 方 法 可 以 在
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Qualitative Approach-This approach
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QRA uses logic models depicting com
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QRA logic models generally consist
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The traditional QRA is generally co
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The QRA typically involves a much m
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Typically, most of the data used in
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When performing risk analysis acros
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6.4 Precision vs Accuracy 精 度
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Risk presented as a precise numeric
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Therefore, it may be beneficial to
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Quantitative analysis uses logic mo
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Process variables that should be co
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Since risk is dynamic (i.e. changes
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Those changes might include such th
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The objective of RBI is to direct m
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The POF due to such deterioration i
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For those equipment items where ins
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6.6.3 Evaluation and Fitness-For-Se
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6.6.4 Other Risk Management 其 他
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The relationship between RBI and se
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6.7.2 PHA A Process Hazard Analysis
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6.7.3 PSM Process Safety Management
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6.7.4 Equipment Reliability 设 备
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Those benefits can include: a) appl
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7 Planning the RBI Assessment 评
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7.1 Getting Started 开 始 This se
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At the conclusion of the planning p
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7.2 Establishing Objectives and Goa
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7.2.3 Define Risk Criteria 定 义
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7.2.6 Meet Safety and Environmental
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e) removal of unnecessary insulatio
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The RBI assessment may identify ris
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New Project Risk Assessment API 580
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New Project Risk Assessment API 580
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Potential sources of specific infor
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d) MOC records; 设 备 变 动 管
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seismic activity records API 580 Ch
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9 Damage Mechanisms and Failure Mod
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9.1.1 Identification of Damage Mech
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) Considering the materials, method
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d) It is often possible to have two
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Understanding equipment operation a
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9.3 Failure Modes 失 效 模 式 O
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9.4 Accumulated Damage 累 积 损
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c) a ranking of credible failure mo
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10.1 Introduction to Probability An
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The probability of specific consequ
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The probability of specific consequ
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Guidance on determining the probabi
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weather extremes API 580 Charlie Ch
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operator error API 580 Charlie Chon
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sabotage API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fio
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sabotage http://en.wikipedia.org/wi
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For a qualitative analysis, the POF
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Two examples of this are listed in
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10.3 Types of Probability Analysis
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Another approach is used when inacc
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10.4 Determination of POF 确 定
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Analyzing the effect of in-service
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Probability of Failure POF Damage T
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For many damage mechanisms, the rat
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equipment complexity, 设 备 的
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process and metallurgical variation
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inaccessibility for inspection, 难
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the inspector’s expertise 检 查
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恶 化 率 信 息 的 来 源 包
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f) the phase of the fluid (liquid,
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10.4.3 Determine Failure Mode 确
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a) pitting generally leads to small
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a) pitting generally leads to small
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) stress corrosion cracking can dev
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c) metallurgical deterioration and
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d) general thinning from corrosion
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d) general thinning from corrosion
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f) Deterioration rate under some ex
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10.4.5 Calculate the POF by Deterio
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11 Assessing Consequences of Failur
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11.1 Introduction to Consequence An
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对 环 境 的 影 响 API 580 Cha
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对 环 境 的 影 响 API 580 Cha
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安 全 和 健 康 的 影 响 /
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安 全 和 健 康 的 影 响 /
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安 全 和 健 康 的 影 响 /
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POF Managed by Inspector & Inspecti
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More or less complex and detailed m
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11.1.3 Other Functional Failures Al
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These other functional failures are
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11.2 Types of Consequence Analysis
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11.2.3 Quantitative Consequences An
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• failure mode and resulting leak
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评 估 故 障 结 果 的 一 些
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11.3.3 Cost 费 用 , 价 值 Cost
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The above list is reasonably compre
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Cost generally requires fairly deta
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11.3.4 Affected Area 受 影 响
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11.3.5 Environmental Damage 环 境
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11.3.6 Categorizing Safety, Health,
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11.3.7 Other Considerations 其 他
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In some cases, the volume released
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The cost of the lost fluid may be c
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11.5.6 Production (Business Interru
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The flammable events consequence is
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Boiling liquid expanding vapor expl
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Flammable Events (Fire and Explosio
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此 风 险 评 估 通 常 着 重
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11.5.4 Releases of Other Hazardous
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Liquid releases may result in conta
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The consequences of environmental d
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泄 漏 位 置 地 形 和 可 达
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泄 漏 位 置 地 形 和 可 达
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The fine component cost will depend
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The selection of a specific method
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More rigorous methods for estimatin
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Site specific circumstances should
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11.5.7 Maintenance and Reconstructi
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Flammable Events (Fire and Explosio
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Consequence cost: Unscheduled Repai
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Consequence cost: Equipment replace
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Repair of small damage cost equipme
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The steps are as follows: 释 放
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Figure 5—Determination of COF API
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用 来 估 算 后 果 的 因 素
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The following shows how a consequen
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11.6.3 Factors for More Rigorous Me
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12 Risk Determination, Assessment a
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12.1 Purpose 目 的 This section d
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For example, after a loss of contai
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Personnel inexperienced in risk ass
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Figure 5—Determination of COF
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EXAMPLE: An equipment item containi
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Typically, there will be other cred
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If probability and consequence are
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12.3 Risk Management Decisions and
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12.3.2 Using Risk Assessment in Ins
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It often is worthwhile to gather ad
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在 缺 乏 可 信 的 输 入 值
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12.6 Risk Presentation 风 险 表
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Risk categories may be assigned to
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Probability of the associated conse
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12.6.3 Risk Plots 风 险 绘 图 W
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Line of constant risk - acceptable
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Risk may be described in terms of d
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12.7 Establishing Acceptable Risk T
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12.8 Risk Management 风 险 管
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13 Risk Management with Inspection
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13.1 Managing Risk by Reducing Unce
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http://www.dnv.com/services/softwar
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Other damage mechanisms precipitate
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http://www.sv.vt.edu/classes/MSE209
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Hence the need for a establishing a
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13.2 Identifying Risk Management Op
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active and credible damage mechanis
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accessibility to expected damage ar
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accessibility to expected damage ar
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accessibility to expected damage ar
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In cases such as these, an alternat
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检 验 工 艺 的 限 制 或 可
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检 验 工 艺 的 限 制 或 可
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Inspection is only effective if the
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API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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) Coverage - Different zones or are
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d) Procedures and Practices - Inspe
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API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang h
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The user can adjust these parameter
- Page 777 and 778:
POF 为 风 险 关 键 因 素 :
- Page 779 and 780:
检 验 如 何 降 低 检 验 费
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API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
- Page 783 and 784:
API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
- Page 785 and 786:
API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
- Page 787 and 788:
Unacceptable imperfections UW-51 (b
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API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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What were the differences in inspec
- Page 793 and 794:
http://www.dnv.com/services/softwar
- Page 795 and 796:
14 Other Risk Mitigation Activities
- Page 797 and 798:
14.1 General 总 则 As described i
- Page 799 and 800:
1. 14.2 Equipment Replacement and R
- Page 801 and 802:
Other Risk Mitigation Activities
- Page 803 and 804:
14.4 Equipment Modification, Redesi
- Page 805 and 806:
14.6 Emergency Depressurizing/De-in
- Page 807 and 808:
14.7 Modify Process 工 艺 修 改
- Page 809 and 810:
14.8 Establish IOWs 建 立 操 作
- Page 811 and 812:
14.10 Water Spray/Deluge 水 喷 /
- Page 813 and 814:
14.13 Others 其 他 a) spill detec
- Page 815 and 816:
15 Reassessment and Updating RBI As
- Page 817 and 818:
15.1 RBI Reassessments 重 估 RBI
- Page 819 and 820:
It is important that the facility h
- Page 821 and 822:
Sections 15.2.2 through 15.2.5 prov
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API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang I
- Page 825 and 826:
很 多 损 伤 机 理 带 来 的
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Process changes API 580 Charlie Cho
- Page 829 and 830:
Process changes API 580 Charlie Cho
- Page 831 and 832:
API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang t
- Page 833 and 834:
RBI Assessment Premise Change Chang
- Page 835 and 836:
http://www.stoprust.com/23-risk-bas
- Page 837 and 838:
15.3.1 After Significant Changes
- Page 839 and 840:
15.3.2 After a Set Time Period 时
- Page 841 and 842:
15.3.4 Before and After Maintenance
- Page 843 and 844:
16 Roles, Responsibilities, Trainin
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API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
- Page 859 and 860:
16.2 Team Members, Roles, and Respo
- Page 861 and 862:
a) formation of the team and verify
- Page 863 and 864:
团 队 领 导 API 580 Charlie Cho
- Page 865:
16.2.3 Equipment Inspector or Inspe
- Page 869:
API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
- Page 872 and 873:
腐 蚀 专 家 职 责 : • 评
- Page 876 and 877:
16.2.5 Process Specialist 工 艺
- Page 878 and 879:
16.2.6 Operations and Maintenance P
- Page 880 and 881:
16.2.7 Management 管 理 层 Manag
- Page 882 and 883:
16.2.8 Risk Analyst 风 险 分 析
- Page 884 and 885:
API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
- Page 886 and 887:
API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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16.3.2 Other Team Members 其 他
- Page 892 and 893:
培 训 和 资 格 API 580 Charlie
- Page 894 and 895:
17 RBI Documentation and Record kee
- Page 896 and 897:
API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
- Page 898 and 899:
f) assumptions made during the asse
- Page 900 and 901:
17.2 RBI Methodology 方 法 学 Th
- Page 902 and 903:
17.3 RBI Personnel 评 估 人 员
- Page 904 and 905:
Failure occurred Probability of Fai
- Page 906 and 907:
d) anticipated failure mode(s) (e.g
- Page 908 and 909:
17.7 Risk Assessment Results 风
- Page 910 and 911:
The methodology, process and person
- Page 912 and 913:
17.9 Applicable Codes, Standards, a
- Page 914 and 915:
18 Summary of Risk- Based Inspectio
- Page 916 and 917:
18.1 General 总 则 The following
- Page 918 and 919:
期 望 RBI 带 来 不 实 际 的
- Page 920 and 921:
18.3 Data and Information Collectio
- Page 922 and 923:
18.4 Damage Mechanisms and Failure
- Page 924 and 925:
18.5 Assessing POF 评 估 故 障
- Page 926 and 927:
18.6 Assessing COF 评 估 故 障
- Page 928 and 929:
API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
- Page 930 and 931:
18.7 Risk Determination, Assessment
- Page 932 and 933:
18.8 Risk Management with Inspectio
- Page 934 and 935:
18.9 Other Risk Management Activiti
- Page 936 and 937:
18.10 Reassessment and Updating RBI
- Page 938 and 939:
18.11 Roles, Responsibilities, Trai
- Page 940 and 941:
18.12 RBI Documentation and Record
- Page 942 and 943:
API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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API 580 Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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