Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and AIDS in Tamil nadu

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Table 8.13 Distribution of respondents according to their knowledge about usage of condom (in Percentages) Characteristics Rural Urban Total People reporting right usage of condom Male Female Male Female Male Female Avoiding preg/FP method 48.7 49 47.9 49.7 48.4 49.3 STI prevention 13.4 20.3 21.3 27.2 17 23.7 HIV and AIDS prevention 37 29.9 30 22.6 33.8 26.3 Others 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.7 Percentage of people reporting using condom 14.8 13.3 14.9 11.8 14.8 12.6 8.7.2 Attitude of people towards PLWHA Stigma and discrimination contribute to the socio-economic vulnerability of PLWHA. Existing misconceptions regarding the spread of the infection have led to high-prevalence of discrimination and negative responses and attitudes of people towards PLWHA. Table 8.14 presents the percentage distribution of respondents according to their attitude towards PLWHA. The table clearly shows that people do have a negative attitude towards PLWHA and as compared to men, women are more prejudiced and have more of a negative attitude towards such persons. People are generally more hesitant to share food with PLWHA and even to allow their children Table 8.14 Distribution of respondents according to their attitude towards PLWHA (in Percentages) Characteristics Rural Urban Total Reporting that they would Male Female Male Female Male Female Interact with the family having HIV patients 60.1 59.6 59.3 56.9 59.7 58.3 Share food with the PLWHA 35.7 29.8 33.9 23.4 34.9 26.7 Avail the health facility used by the PLWHA 30.2 23.0 28.2 17.8 29.3 20.5 Allow their children to play with the children from a family 27.6 22.4 41.9 27.3 34.0 24.7 having a PLWHA Send their children to a school where HIV-positive children 27.6 24.2 43.5 29.9 34.7 26.9 study Purchase fruits vegetables etc from a shop keeper who is 34.7 33.0 49.2 45.7 41.1 39.0 HIV-positive Accept a PLWHA as a teacher 30.5 24.2 29.4 22.0 30.1 23.2 Their community would allow PLWHA to live in the same 41.2 37.8 48.0 39.1 44.2 38.4 community N (Number of respondents) 311 339 248 304 559 643 120 Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and AIDS in Tamil Nadu, India
to mingle with children belonging to HIV households. These negative responses arise mainly due to misconceptions about the modes of transmission of HIV. Thus, creating greater awareness among people would go a long way in accepting the PLWHA in the family and society at large. 8.8 Observations 1. For a person suffering from HIV, treatment of any opportunistic illness becomes very important. Steps should be taken to see that such people get access to treatment from both government and private health facilities. In fact, their right to treatment should be ensured, or else their status may be withheld, increasing the chances of spreading the infection. 2. Efforts should be made to create greater awareness about HIV and AIDS, especially about the modes of transmission of the infection. 3. Campaigns to change the attitude of the people towards PLWHA are highly recommended. 4. Popular television channels and radio stations could be utilised for creating greater awareness as well as for changing the attitude of the people, since radio and television seem to be effective means of mass communication. 5. Pre and post-test counselling for HIV and AIDS should be emphasised. 6. Proper awareness and information about the infection and a change in the attitude of the people towards those suffering from it could go a long way in curtailing the spread of this infection. The negative responses arise mainly due to misconceptions about the modes of transmission of HIV Stigma and Discrimination 121
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Socio-Economic IMPACT of HIV and AI
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© United Nations Development Progr
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Acknowledgements This report would
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CHAPTER 6 Impact of HIV and AIDS on
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Table 5.2 Average per capita per mo
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Table 8.2 Distribution of sample PL
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Executive Summary Introduction AIDS
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The work force participation rate r
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In the HIV households, both the rat
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discrimination. This discrimination
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2 Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and
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Tamil Nadu has been identified as o
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Table 1.3 Source of infection in Ta
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interviewed for the study. A detail
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Household selections were made with
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In o rd e r t o s e l e c t t h e n
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Chapter 3 Profile of Sample Househo
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Table 3.3 Distribution of sample ho
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households use firewood. Liquified
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Table 3.7 Current and the past occu
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Table 4.1 Distribution of sample ho
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income class, it is seen that while
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That the impact of the epidemic is
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Table 4.6 Change in job due to HIV
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Table 4.9 The situation with respec
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Most of the loss in income has been
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Occupational category Table 4.13 Lo
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4.6 Observations The prevalence of
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lesser than that of non-HIV househo
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Table 5.3 ...(Contd.) HIV household
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Table 5.4 ..... (Contd.) HIV househ
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Table 5.5 Distribution of consumpti
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Table 5.6 Distribution of consumpti
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While the non-HIV households are po
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Table 5.7 .... (Contd.) HIV househo
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Table 5.8. .... (Contd.) HIV househ
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Table 5.10 Distribution of savers a
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households is, however, the highest
Page 90 and 91: growth of CPI in 2004-05 over 1999-
Page 92 and 93: the expenditure of households that
Page 94 and 95: While the burden of illness is bein
Page 96 and 97: 76 Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and
Page 98 and 99: impact is measured not only by aski
Page 100 and 101: Annual household income (Rs) Age 6-
Page 102 and 103: The percentage of girls from HIV ho
Page 104 and 105: In both HIV and non-HIV households,
Page 107 and 108: Impact of HIV and AIDS on Health
Page 109 and 110: Chapter 7 Impact of HIV and AIDS on
Page 111 and 112: 7.1.2 Prevalence rates of illnesses
Page 113 and 114: 7.2 Details about nonhospitalised i
Page 115 and 116: Again, it is seen that fever remain
Page 117 and 118: Table 7.9 Distribution of non-hospi
Page 119 and 120: Table 7.12 Frequency of hospitalisa
Page 121 and 122: It is seen that both in rural and u
Page 123 and 124: Table 7.18 Distribution of hospital
Page 125 and 126: Stigma and Discrimination, Knowledg
Page 127 and 128: Chapter 8 Stigma and Discrimination
Page 129 and 130: 8.3 Reaction to HIV status 8.3.1 In
Page 131 and 132: from counsellors helped them to com
Page 133 and 134: provide supportive environment for
Page 135 and 136: minimal risk of contracting the inf
Page 137 and 138: Table 8.10 Distribution of responde
Page 139: Table 8.12 Distribution of responde
Page 143 and 144: Conclusion and Policy Implications
Page 145 and 146: Chapter 9 Conclusion and Policy Imp
Page 147 and 148: also reluctant to divulge their sta
Page 149 and 150: Annexures Conclusion and Policy Imp
Page 151 and 152: Annexures Annexure I Summary of foc
Page 153 and 154: Discrimination at workplace Many of
Page 155 and 156: that now. One of the participants w
Page 157 and 158: Annexure II Box 1 Case study 1: Tam
Page 159 and 160: Box 2 Case Study 2: From riches to
Page 161: United Nations Development Programm
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Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and AIDS in Tamil nadu

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