Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and AIDS in Tamil nadu

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Table 4.1 Distribution of sample households, population and income by occupation Non-HIV households (in Percentages) Occupation Rural Urban Total HHs Pop Income HHs Pop Income HHs Pop Income Cultivation 15.69 17.26 18.56 0.54 0.66 0.64 8.73 9.60 8.87 Agri. wage labour 26.00 25.42 19.40 2.35 3.03 1.15 15.13 15.09 9.54 Non-agricultural wage 25.54 23.51 20.26 33.45 32.88 23.85 29.18 27.83 22.20 Self-employed nonagriculture 10.15 10.12 10.67 22.42 22.26 21.78 15.79 15.72 16.67 Salaried 16.62 17.19 22.99 28.21 27.83 38.32 21.95 22.10 31.28 Others 6.00 6.51 8.11 13.02 13.35 14.27 9.23 9.66 11.44 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 HIV households Occupation Rural Urban Total HHs Pop Income HHs Pop Income HHs Pop Income Cultivation 13.45 12.02 9.48 1.60 1.42 0.96 8.05 7.11 4.38 Agri. wage labour 23.32 24.91 16.78 4.81 3.83 1.99 14.88 15.13 7.93 Non-agricultural wage 29.15 27.73 31.95 28.88 28.37 24.23 29.02 28.03 27.33 Self-employed nonagriculture 8.07 8.22 9.26 17.11 17.02 23.75 12.20 12.30 17.93 Salaried 9.42 9.20 18.68 25.13 26.24 32.11 16.59 17.11 26.71 Others 16.59 17.91 13.86 22.46 23.12 16.96 19.27 20.33 15.71 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 is nearly three times the earlier figure, at 6.61 percent. However, in the urban sample among non-HIV households, 14.65 percent of the households belong to this income group while 12.82 percent of the HIV households are in this group. As expected, the lower income groups have a lower share in the income and the higher income groups have a higher share. The HIV households have a higher percentage of houses in the lower income groups and a lower percentage in the high-income categories in comparison with non-HIV households, thus accounting for the lower average income per household in the HIV category. The average annual household income analysed on the basis of occupations (Table 4.3) shows that the agricultural wage earners have the least income and the salaried have the highest income in both HIV and non-HIV categories. The average household income of HIV households in different occupational groups is less than that of the corresponding groups in non- HIV households except in the case of self- 32 Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and AIDS in Tamil Nadu, India
Table 4.2 Distribution of households and their share in income by income categories in the sample Non-HIV households (in Percentages) Annual income category Rural Urban Total HHs Share in HHs Share in HHs Share in income income income Upto Rs. 20,000 9.54 3.97 4.34 1.31 7.15 2.53 20,001-30,000 34.31 20.82 21.16 9.32 28.26 14.61 30,001-41,000 20.62 17.82 17.18 10.71 19.04 13.98 41,001-84,000 28.92 39.21 42.68 43.61 35.25 41.59 84,001-1,30,000 4.92 12.07 10.49 19.92 7.48 16.31 1,30,001-1,73,000 1.54 5.32 1.63 4.01 1.58 4.61 Above 1,73,000 0.15 0.80 2.53 11.12 1.25 6.37 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 Average income per household 41,584 57,450 48,878 HIV households Annual income category Rural Urban Total HHs Share in HHs Share in HHs Share in income income income Upto Rs. 20,000 44.84 20.63 20.86 5.34 33.90 11.48 20,001-30,000 22.87 19.34 16.04 7.88 19.76 12.48 30,01-41,000 11.66 14.43 16.58 11.29 13.90 12.55 41,001-84,000 18.39 35.26 33.69 38.49 25.37 37.19 84,001-1,30,000 0.90 3.62 9.09 19.13 4.63 12.90 1,30,001-1,73,000 1.35 6.74 1.60 4.67 1.46 5.50 Above 1,73,000 0.00 0.00 2.14 13.19 0.98 7.89 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 Average income per household 29,019 51,556 39,298 employed non-agriculturalists. However, when the annual per capita income is taken into consideration it is seen that the per capita income of non-agriculture wage earners is also higher for HIV households indicating that HIV households in this group are smaller in size as compared to non-HIV households. Also, while there is a considerable difference in the average annual income of HIV and non-HIV households, the difference in annual per capita income is much less. In fact, the per capita income of the urban sample in both types of households is nearly the same. This clearly suggests that the size of the HIV households is smaller than the non-HIV households in the sample. One of the important determinants of variation in the household income is the number of earners. Moving up the Impact of HIV Status on Income and Employment in India 33
Page 1: Socio-Economic IMPACT of HIV and AI
Page 4 and 5: © United Nations Development Progr
Page 6 and 7: Acknowledgements This report would
Page 8 and 9: CHAPTER 6 Impact of HIV and AIDS on
Page 10 and 11: Table 5.2 Average per capita per mo
Page 12 and 13: Table 8.2 Distribution of sample PL
Page 14 and 15: Executive Summary Introduction AIDS
Page 16 and 17: The work force participation rate r
Page 18 and 19: In the HIV households, both the rat
Page 20 and 21: discrimination. This discrimination
Page 22 and 23: 2 Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and
Page 24 and 25: Tamil Nadu has been identified as o
Page 26 and 27: Table 1.3 Source of infection in Ta
Page 28 and 29: interviewed for the study. A detail
Page 34 and 35: Household selections were made with
Page 36 and 37: In o rd e r t o s e l e c t t h e n
Page 41 and 42: Chapter 3 Profile of Sample Househo
Page 43 and 44: Table 3.3 Distribution of sample ho
Page 45 and 46: households use firewood. Liquified
Page 47: Table 3.7 Current and the past occu
Page 54 and 55: income class, it is seen that while
Page 56 and 57: That the impact of the epidemic is
Page 58 and 59: Table 4.6 Change in job due to HIV
Page 60 and 61: Table 4.9 The situation with respec
Page 62 and 63: Most of the loss in income has been
Page 64 and 65: Occupational category Table 4.13 Lo
Page 66 and 67: 4.6 Observations The prevalence of
Page 70 and 71: lesser than that of non-HIV househo
Page 72 and 73: Table 5.3 ...(Contd.) HIV household
Page 74 and 75: Table 5.4 ..... (Contd.) HIV househ
Page 76 and 77: Table 5.5 Distribution of consumpti
Page 78 and 79: Table 5.6 Distribution of consumpti
Page 80 and 81: While the non-HIV households are po
Page 82 and 83: Table 5.7 .... (Contd.) HIV househo
Page 84 and 85: Table 5.8. .... (Contd.) HIV househ
Page 86 and 87: Table 5.10 Distribution of savers a
Page 88 and 89: households is, however, the highest
Page 90 and 91: growth of CPI in 2004-05 over 1999-
Page 92 and 93: the expenditure of households that
Page 94 and 95: While the burden of illness is bein
Page 98 and 99: impact is measured not only by aski
Page 100 and 101: Annual household income (Rs) Age 6-
Page 102 and 103:
The percentage of girls from HIV ho
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In both HIV and non-HIV households,
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Impact of HIV and AIDS on Health
Page 109 and 110:
Chapter 7 Impact of HIV and AIDS on
Page 111 and 112:
7.1.2 Prevalence rates of illnesses
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7.2 Details about nonhospitalised i
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Again, it is seen that fever remain
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Table 7.9 Distribution of non-hospi
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Table 7.12 Frequency of hospitalisa
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It is seen that both in rural and u
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Table 7.18 Distribution of hospital
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Stigma and Discrimination, Knowledg
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Chapter 8 Stigma and Discrimination
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8.3 Reaction to HIV status 8.3.1 In
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from counsellors helped them to com
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provide supportive environment for
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minimal risk of contracting the inf
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Table 8.10 Distribution of responde
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Table 8.12 Distribution of responde
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to mingle with children belonging t
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Conclusion and Policy Implications
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Chapter 9 Conclusion and Policy Imp
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also reluctant to divulge their sta
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Annexures Conclusion and Policy Imp
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Annexures Annexure I Summary of foc
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Discrimination at workplace Many of
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that now. One of the participants w
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Annexure II Box 1 Case study 1: Tam
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Box 2 Case Study 2: From riches to
Page 161:
United Nations Development Programm
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Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and AIDS in Tamil nadu

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