Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and AIDS in Tamil nadu

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interviewed for the study. A detailed analysis of the pattern of income of HIV and non-HIV households, impact of HIV on income and employment of both the HIV infected and the caregivers of PLWHA is provided in Chapter four. The level and pattern of consumption and savings of the households (both HIV and non-HIV) is dealt with in detail in Chapter five. The presence of an HIV person can affect the education of children due to various reasons. Chapter six attempts to measure the impact of HIV and AIDS on the education of children in terms of school enrolment, reasons for non-enrolment and dropping out, type of school attended and school attendance. The HIV households face tremendous financial burdens due to medical cost of treating the OIs. In Chapter seven, the pattern of morbidity and the health seeking behaviour of the sample PLWHA and the out-of-pocket expenditure incurred on treatment of OIs are discussed. Chapter eight deals with the social stigma attached to HIV and AIDS as the major inhibiting factor in controlling the spread of the infection. It not only tries to capture the magnitude of stigma and discrimination faced by PLWHA in various social settings, but also attempts to assess the knowledge and awareness about the infection among the general population and attitude of people towards PLWHA. Chapter nine gives the major conclusions from the results of the survey along with policy implications. 8 Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and AIDS in Tamil Nadu, India
Appendix - I Appendix II Background information on Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu All India Population (2001 census) in million 62.11 1,028.74 Area (in lakh sq kms.) (2001 census) 1.30 31.66 Number of districts 30 593 Percentage of urban population 43.86 27.78 Growth rate in population (1991–2001) (%) 11.19 21.34 Literacy rate for population 7+ Total 73.49 64.84 Male 82.0 75.2 Female 65.0 53.6 Gross enrolment rate class I-V (2002–03) Total 115.50 95.4 Boys 116.61 97.5 Girls 114.34 93.1 Gross enrolment rate class VI-VIII (2002–03) Total 99.08 61.0 Boys 100.21 65.3 Girls 97.88 56.2 Life expectancy at birth (2001–2006) Male 67.00 63.87 Female 69.75 66.91 Infant mortality rate (2003) Total 43 60 Male 44 57 Female 41 64 Birth rate (2003) 18.3 24.8 Death rate (2003) 7.6 8.0 Total fertility rate (15–49 years) NFHS I (1990–1992) NFHS II (1996–1998) 2.48 2.19 Percentage of population below poverty line (1999-2000) 21.10 26.10 Source: Economic survey 2004–05, Government of India Handbook of Social Welfare Statistics, NCAER National Family Health Survey, IIPS SRS Bulletin, Registrar General of India, April 2005 Population growth rate in Tamil Nadu: 1971-2001 Census year Population density Population (in million) Decadal growth rate 1971 317 41.2 1981 372 48.4 1971–1981~- 17.5% 1991 429 55.9 1981–1991~- 15.4% 2001 478 62.1 1991–2001~- 11.2% 3.4 2.9 Introduction 9
Page 1: Socio-Economic IMPACT of HIV and AI
Page 4 and 5: © United Nations Development Progr
Page 6 and 7: Acknowledgements This report would
Page 8 and 9: CHAPTER 6 Impact of HIV and AIDS on
Page 10 and 11: Table 5.2 Average per capita per mo
Page 12 and 13: Table 8.2 Distribution of sample PL
Page 14 and 15: Executive Summary Introduction AIDS
Page 16 and 17: The work force participation rate r
Page 18 and 19: In the HIV households, both the rat
Page 20 and 21: discrimination. This discrimination
Page 22 and 23: 2 Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and
Page 24 and 25: Tamil Nadu has been identified as o
Page 26 and 27: Table 1.3 Source of infection in Ta
Page 34 and 35: Household selections were made with
Page 36 and 37: In o rd e r t o s e l e c t t h e n
Page 41 and 42: Chapter 3 Profile of Sample Househo
Page 43 and 44: Table 3.3 Distribution of sample ho
Page 45 and 46: households use firewood. Liquified
Page 47: Table 3.7 Current and the past occu
Page 52 and 53: Table 4.1 Distribution of sample ho
Page 54 and 55: income class, it is seen that while
Page 56 and 57: That the impact of the epidemic is
Page 58 and 59: Table 4.6 Change in job due to HIV
Page 60 and 61: Table 4.9 The situation with respec
Page 62 and 63: Most of the loss in income has been
Page 64 and 65: Occupational category Table 4.13 Lo
Page 66 and 67: 4.6 Observations The prevalence of
Page 70 and 71: lesser than that of non-HIV househo
Page 72 and 73: Table 5.3 ...(Contd.) HIV household
Page 74 and 75: Table 5.4 ..... (Contd.) HIV househ
Page 76 and 77: Table 5.5 Distribution of consumpti
Page 78 and 79:
Table 5.6 Distribution of consumpti
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While the non-HIV households are po
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Table 5.7 .... (Contd.) HIV househo
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Table 5.8. .... (Contd.) HIV househ
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Table 5.10 Distribution of savers a
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households is, however, the highest
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growth of CPI in 2004-05 over 1999-
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the expenditure of households that
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While the burden of illness is bein
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76 Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and
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impact is measured not only by aski
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Annual household income (Rs) Age 6-
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The percentage of girls from HIV ho
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In both HIV and non-HIV households,
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Impact of HIV and AIDS on Health
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Chapter 7 Impact of HIV and AIDS on
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7.1.2 Prevalence rates of illnesses
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7.2 Details about nonhospitalised i
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Again, it is seen that fever remain
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Table 7.9 Distribution of non-hospi
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Table 7.12 Frequency of hospitalisa
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It is seen that both in rural and u
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Table 7.18 Distribution of hospital
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Stigma and Discrimination, Knowledg
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Chapter 8 Stigma and Discrimination
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8.3 Reaction to HIV status 8.3.1 In
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from counsellors helped them to com
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provide supportive environment for
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minimal risk of contracting the inf
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Table 8.10 Distribution of responde
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Table 8.12 Distribution of responde
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to mingle with children belonging t
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Conclusion and Policy Implications
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Chapter 9 Conclusion and Policy Imp
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also reluctant to divulge their sta
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Annexures Conclusion and Policy Imp
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Annexures Annexure I Summary of foc
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Discrimination at workplace Many of
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that now. One of the participants w
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Annexure II Box 1 Case study 1: Tam
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Box 2 Case Study 2: From riches to
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United Nations Development Programm
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