Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and AIDS in Tamil nadu

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Acknowledgements This report would not have been possible without the encouragement, cooperation, feedback and inputs of many people. First and foremost, The National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) would like to thank Ms. K. Sujatha Rao, Additional Secretary & Director-General, National AIDS Control Organisation and Dr. N.S. Dharamshaktu, former Additional Project Director (Technical), National AIDS Control Organisation. We would also like to thank Smt. Supriya Sahu, the current Project Director and Shri S. Vijaya Kumar, IAS, former Project Director, Tamil Nadu State AIDS Control Society (TNSACS) without whose unconditional support in organising the data collection process, the field work would not have been completed on time. At the United Nations Development Programme, New Delhi we would like to thank Dr. Maxine Olson, UNDP Resident Representative and UN Resident Co-ordinator for her leadership and guidance. We would especially like to acknowledge the continuous advice and inputs from Ms. Alka Narang, Head, HIV and Development Unit, Dr. Hari Mohan, National Programme Officer and Ms. Sabrina Sidhu, Research Associate. The study would not be of the same quality if it wasn’t for the time and energy invested in the field research by the investigators and the researchers. Finally, we would like to thank all the respondents who shared the information without any hesitation. Their contributions made this study rich and unique. iv Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and AIDS in Tamil Nadu, India
Contents Abbreviations Executive Summary xi xii CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1.1 Background 3 1.2 HIV and AIDS scenario in Tamil Nadu 4 1.3 Objectives of the present study 7 CHAPTER 2 Data and Methodology 2.1 Sample size 13 2.2 Qualitative techniques 17 CHAPTER 3 Profile of the Sample Households and PLWHA 3.1 Background characteristics of head of sample households 21 3.2 Profile of sample PLWHA 26 CHAPTER 4 Impact of HIV status on Income and Employment in India 4.1 Income and its distribution 31 4.2 Work force participation rate among HIV and non-HIV households in the sample 36 4.3 Change of job/loss of employment of self and caregiver 37 4.4 Loss of income of PLWHA and the caregiver 40 4.5 Support from employer 45 4.6 Observations 46 CHAPTER 5 Level and Pattern of Consumption and Savings of the Households 5.1 Consumption patterns 49 5.2 Household savings 60 5.3 Coping mechanism 66 5.4 Poverty 69 5.5 Observations 72 Executive Summary Contents v
Page 1: Socio-Economic IMPACT of HIV and AI
Page 4 and 5: © United Nations Development Progr
Page 8 and 9: CHAPTER 6 Impact of HIV and AIDS on
Page 10 and 11: Table 5.2 Average per capita per mo
Page 12 and 13: Table 8.2 Distribution of sample PL
Page 14 and 15: Executive Summary Introduction AIDS
Page 16 and 17: The work force participation rate r
Page 18 and 19: In the HIV households, both the rat
Page 20 and 21: discrimination. This discrimination
Page 22 and 23: 2 Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and
Page 24 and 25: Tamil Nadu has been identified as o
Page 26 and 27: Table 1.3 Source of infection in Ta
Page 28 and 29: interviewed for the study. A detail
Page 34 and 35: Household selections were made with
Page 36 and 37: In o rd e r t o s e l e c t t h e n
Page 41 and 42: Chapter 3 Profile of Sample Househo
Page 43 and 44: Table 3.3 Distribution of sample ho
Page 45 and 46: households use firewood. Liquified
Page 47: Table 3.7 Current and the past occu
Page 52 and 53: Table 4.1 Distribution of sample ho
Page 54 and 55: income class, it is seen that while
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That the impact of the epidemic is
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Table 4.6 Change in job due to HIV
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Table 4.9 The situation with respec
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Most of the loss in income has been
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Occupational category Table 4.13 Lo
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4.6 Observations The prevalence of
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48 Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and
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lesser than that of non-HIV househo
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Table 5.3 ...(Contd.) HIV household
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Table 5.4 ..... (Contd.) HIV househ
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Table 5.5 Distribution of consumpti
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Table 5.6 Distribution of consumpti
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While the non-HIV households are po
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Table 5.7 .... (Contd.) HIV househo
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Table 5.8. .... (Contd.) HIV househ
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Table 5.10 Distribution of savers a
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households is, however, the highest
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growth of CPI in 2004-05 over 1999-
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the expenditure of households that
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While the burden of illness is bein
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76 Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and
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impact is measured not only by aski
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Annual household income (Rs) Age 6-
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The percentage of girls from HIV ho
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In both HIV and non-HIV households,
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Impact of HIV and AIDS on Health
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Chapter 7 Impact of HIV and AIDS on
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7.1.2 Prevalence rates of illnesses
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7.2 Details about nonhospitalised i
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Again, it is seen that fever remain
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Table 7.9 Distribution of non-hospi
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Table 7.12 Frequency of hospitalisa
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It is seen that both in rural and u
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Table 7.18 Distribution of hospital
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Stigma and Discrimination, Knowledg
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Chapter 8 Stigma and Discrimination
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8.3 Reaction to HIV status 8.3.1 In
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from counsellors helped them to com
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provide supportive environment for
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minimal risk of contracting the inf
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Table 8.10 Distribution of responde
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Table 8.12 Distribution of responde
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to mingle with children belonging t
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Conclusion and Policy Implications
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Chapter 9 Conclusion and Policy Imp
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also reluctant to divulge their sta
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Annexures Conclusion and Policy Imp
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Annexures Annexure I Summary of foc
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Discrimination at workplace Many of
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that now. One of the participants w
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Annexure II Box 1 Case study 1: Tam
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Box 2 Case Study 2: From riches to
Page 161:
United Nations Development Programm
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