the challenges facing landlocked developing countries: a case study ...

Table 5: Degree of Landlockedness
Measure of Distance
Proportion TC's
of paved proportion of
roads paved roads
(index) (index)
Paved Road
Quality
(index)
Paved Road
Quality of
Neighbours
(index)
Normalized Measures of Civil and External Conflict (1981-2001)
TC's
TC's
Length & length &
Length & length & TC's length Length & severity of severity of
severity of severity of & severity of severity of external external
civil conflict
(index)
civil
conflict
civil conflict
(index)
external
conflict
conflict
(index)
conflict
(index)
Country
Freight Costs
(index)
Export volume
(index)
Distance to Port
(km)
Afghanistan 0.38 1960 0.01 1.00 0.28 0.76 0.57 0.88 0.97
Armenia 0.51 0.08 693 0.36 0.00 0.78 0.00 0.29 0.74 0.60
Azerbaijan 0.92 0.15 870 0.70 0.52 0.88 0.29 0.74 1.00
Burundi 0.47 0.00 1254 0.37 0.16 0.72 0.49 0.81 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Burkina Faso 0.54 0.01 1154 0.41 0.68 0.48 0.12 0.19 0.02 0.19 0.14 0.59
Bolivia 0.64 0.16 414 0.07 0.22 0.44 0.16 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Bhutan 775 0.00 0.00 0.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Botswana 0.75 1.00 905 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Central African Republic 0.55 0.03 1518 0.01 0.00 0.53 0.27 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.21 0.82
Ethiopia 0.50 0.00 781 0.33 0.36 0.69 0.74 0.98 0.06 0.46 0.55 0.87
Kazakhstan 0.96 0.47 3750 0.61 0.07 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Kyrgyzstan 0.81 0.10 3600 0.61 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.36 0.74
Laos 0.89 0.07 620 0.63 0.61 0.46 0.06 0.46 0.07 0.44 0.45
Lesotho 0.81 0.10 575 0.36 1.00 0.72 0.19 0.91 0.99 0.00 0.00 0.00
Moldova 0.86 0.15 170 1.00 0.33 0.02 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00
Mali 0.38 0.04 1225 0.36 0.41 0.81 0.47 0.33 0.08 0.51 0.02 0.21 0.60
Mongolia 0.75 0.22 1693 0.45 0.61 0.07 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Malawi 0.00 0.03 803 0.40 0.21 0.76 0.34 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Niger 0.52 0.02 1057 0.52 0.84 0.73 0.37 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Nepal 0.95 0.04 1160 0.95 0.58 0.00 0.54 0.97 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Paraguay 0.73 0.34 1022 0.30 0.87 0.16 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Rwanda 0.08 0.00 1867 0.11 0.26 0.62 0.23 0.84 0.51 0.87 0.36 0.78 0.58
Swaziland 1.00 0.89 193 0.65 0.51 0.52 0.19 0.00 0.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Chad 0.08 0.02 1669 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.27 0.62 0.01 0.06 0.98 0.99 0.21
Tajikistan 0.09 3100 0.61 0.07 0.67 0.50 0.87 0.43 0.82 0.83
Turkmenistan 0.77 0.27 1700 0.00 0.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Uganda 0.39 0.02 1187 0.34 0.16 0.40 0.47 1.00 0.15 0.64 0.26 0.72 0.56
Uzbekistan 0.12 2950 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.29 0.74 0.89
Zambia 0.72 0.07 1975 0.40 0.47 0.55 0.91 0.00 0.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Zimbabwe 0.76 0.20 464 0.36 0.72 0.86 0.82 0.00 0.61 0.00 0.26 0.72 0.68
TC = Transit Country
Normalized Measures of Trade
Normalized Measures of Infrastructure Quality
Note: All variables, except distance to port, have been nornalized to a 0-1 scale with 1 as the "best" score
Sources: Trade Data: IMF BOPS (2001), WDI (2002)
Distance Data: Various
Infrastructure Data: Canning (World Bank) (2002)
Conflict Data: PRIO (2002)