Sustainable Construction A Life Cycle Approach in Engineering

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Figure 13 Evaluation of receiver points in F 30 Figure 14 Evaluation of receiver points in F 30 B In general, it can be said that seats located in the middle of the auditorium have better values in rectangular room. Especially at 7 th , 8 th and 9 th receiver points STI and D50 values have high values (Figure 15). In the floor level of Rec B, 4 th and 5 th receiver points have high values of D50 and STI as well as sightline score (Figure 16). In the balcony level of the room 12 th and 14 th receiver points get the worst scores while the 13 th seat has the best condition. Figure 15 Evaluation of receiver points in rectangular room Figure 16 Evaluation of receiver points in Rec B (floor level) 5. CONCLUSIONS When the results that are examined, in general, it is difficult to say that there is a distinct correlation between sightline scores of seats and acoustical parameters. For all the rooms, a well known rule is confirmed once more; the decrease of SPL by the distance, except fan shaped room with 30 0 splaying angle. The room is the only one that there is a correlation between sightline score and D50 value of the receiver points. The correlation is negative one, so it means that the seats with the lower sightline scores get the better D50 values within F 30. Similar correlation also exists between total score and STI. 136
T30 is the only acoustical parameter that is affected by the change of the distance to the side wall for fan shape 15 with balcony and fan shape 22. And there is not such a correlation in other rooms. For fan shaped rooms without balcony, it is seen that STI value increases by the increase of the distance between source and receiver. For fan shaped rooms 22 and 30, D50 values also increase by the distance. That is probably because of the decrease of EDT values by the distance, since there is a negative correlation between EDT and D50. When the overall scores of each room are examined, the correlation between EDT and D50, which is also derived from the mean values of rooms, is confirmed. Except the rectangular shaped room, D50 and STI values are increasing while EDT is decreasing in all of the rooms. For rectangular room, there is a positive correlation between T30 and EDT, and this is the only room such a correlation exists. Also, the room differs from the other cases with the correlation between T30 and SPL(A) parameters. REFERENCES Cocchi, A., Farina, A., Fausti, P., & Tronchin, L. (n.d.). Acoustic Quality Of Theatres: Correlation Between Experimental Measures And Subjective Evaluations. Retrieved February 23, 2009, from http://pcfarina.eng.unipr.it/Public/Papers/052-UNIFE94.PDF ISO (International Standarts Organization). (1997). ISO 3382. Acoustic- Measurement of the Reverberation Time of Rooms with to other acoustical Parameters . Mehta, M., Johnson, J., & Rocafort, J. (1999). Architecural Acoustics Principles and Design. U.S.A.: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Odeon Room Acoustics Software: Retrieved October 2009, from http://www.odeon.dk/acousticssimulation-software Panero, J., & Zelnik, M. (1979). Human Dimension and Interior Space. New York: Whitney Library of Design. 137
Page 3:
Sustainable Construction A Life Cyc
Page 6 and 7:
COST- the acronym for European COop
Page 9 and 10:
Foreword The COST Action C25 "Susta
Page 11 and 12:
Contents Sustainability of Construc
Page 13 and 14:
Sustainability of Constructions Int
Page 15 and 16:
1.4 Raising the level of Sustainabl
Page 17 and 18:
Sustainability of Construction Stru
Page 19 and 20:
WP9 WP10 ‣ Verification methods f
Page 21 and 22:
In the context of the Action a comp
Page 23 and 24:
ia. (“Politehnica” University o
Page 25:
- Introduction to the aims and obje
Page 29 and 30:
The Role of Environmental Assessmen
Page 31 and 32:
2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF BUILD
Page 33 and 34:
process is used to facilitate the e
Page 35 and 36:
With assistance of information tech
Page 37 and 38:
Building Sustainability Assessment:
Page 39 and 40:
• To improved reliability through
Page 41 and 42:
Table 2. Parameters declared in the
Page 43 and 44:
From the outputs of this building s
Page 45 and 46:
Green Building Design Guideline İ.
Page 47 and 48:
2.2.1. Solar shading Solar shading
Page 49 and 50:
Use state-of-the-art irrigation con
Page 51:
REFERENCES: Ayaz ,E. Mimarist perio
Page 55 and 56:
Structural, economic and environmen
Page 57 and 58:
Figure 1. Types and sources of data
Page 59 and 60:
espiratory inorganic substances and
Page 61 and 62:
Table 3. CML results, exact values
Page 63 and 64:
nario. That means, flows of the rec
Page 65 and 66:
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960
Page 67 and 68:
Alt. A Alt. B Figure 8. Alternative
Page 69:
ACKNOWLEDGMENT Authors from Technic
Page 72 and 73:
Load, kN The aim of this comparativ
Page 74 and 75:
On the basis of previous conclusion
Page 76 and 77:
Table 6. Inventory table per FU (1p
Page 78 and 79:
As the experiments have shown, comp
Page 80 and 81:
1) covered with patterned stainless
Page 82 and 83:
• Energy: the operational energy
Page 84 and 85:
4 LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY 4.1 Methodol
Page 86 and 87:
6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT B. Rossi is suppo
Page 89 and 90:
The potential use of Waste Tyre Fib
Page 91 and 92:
Table 2: Geometric properties of th
Page 93 and 94:
Table 3: Tensile Strength of shredd
Page 95 and 96:
Figure 8: Compressive strength 28 d
Page 97 and 98: IFCC-2.0 IFCC-1.0 IFCC-1.5 Figure 1
Page 99 and 100: Figure 17: Toughness Index - Effect
Page 101: Laws of Malta. 2001. CAP 435 Enviro
Page 104 and 105: the future, the model will most lik
Page 106 and 107: for each of the potential solutions
Page 108 and 109: stavb. Magistrsko delo. Ljubljana,
Page 110 and 111: 1.2 UK Roadmap to Carbon Zero The U
Page 112 and 113: 1.5 Design Team Cabe, the governmen
Page 114 and 115: • Perceptions of End Users: Discu
Page 116 and 117: REFERENCES BAILEY L, TOLMIE-THOMSON
Page 118 and 119: to the production of the specific u
Page 120 and 121: Figure 1. Proposals of different de
Page 122 and 123: The sustainable development of tran
Page 124 and 125: 3.2 Bed Zed, UK Bed zed is a commun
Page 126 and 127: GWL these uses are separated while
Page 128 and 129: Energy consumption for heating, kWh
Page 130 and 131: Heat losses, MWh Heat losses, MWh t
Page 132 and 133: REFERENCES: Juodis, E. 2000. Energy
Page 134 and 135: Facades form the biggest part of th
Page 136 and 137: placed over the sun-path-diagram wi
Page 138 and 139: In the table, when the simulation p
Page 140 and 141: estimate the output of the panels i
Page 142 and 143: plan. The aim of this kind of chang
Page 144 and 145: First (front) group (zone) Second (
Page 146 and 147: predicted, illustrated and listened
Page 150 and 151: 138
Page 152 and 153: 140
Page 154 and 155: 2 POSITIONING STRUCTURAL FLEXIBILIT
Page 156 and 157: Table 1: Building layers Envelope F
Page 158 and 159: Figure 5: The results of the survey
Page 160 and 161: 1 INTRODUCTION Bridges are importan
Page 162 and 163: 3 CONCLUSION This paper reviewed st
Page 164 and 165: tween this bridge and a reinforced
Page 166 and 167: The construction sequence assumed f
Page 168 and 169: Agency life cycle costs (present va
Page 170 and 171: Figure 3a: User’s life cycle cost
Page 172 and 173: Figure 5: system boundaries for the
Page 174 and 175: 162
Page 176 and 177: the construction of these bridges.
Page 178 and 179: Figure 2a „Flat-Pack‟ arch syst
Page 180 and 181: As far as analysis of the „FlexiA
Page 182 and 183: Figure 5 Initial/whole life cycle c
Page 184 and 185: FLIR Systems 13.9 °C FLIR Systems
Page 186 and 187: Figure 2: NPV of costs in 60 year b
Page 188 and 189: REFERENCES 1. ATTMA - The Air Tight
Page 190 and 191: 2 MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION MAKING ME
Page 192 and 193: The results of pairwise comparisons
Page 194 and 195: with C i* =1 if A i =A * . 3 APPLIC
Page 196 and 197: Figure 4. Criteria taken into accou
Page 198 and 199:
As far as the problem of the constr
Page 200 and 201:
timber connection with appropriate
Page 202 and 203:
Numerical simulations of ash pegs t
Page 204 and 205:
192
Page 206 and 207:
a building this gives a prime excus
Page 208 and 209:
Lack of past investment in the main
Page 210 and 211:
2.3 Methodology The research will b
Page 212:
200
show all

Sustainable Construction A Life Cycle Approach in Engineering

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?