FM 17-98 SCOUT PLATOON

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Figure G-1. Fratricide risk assessment worksheet. The resulting score is used only as a guide, however. The leader’s final assessment must be based both on observable risk factors, such as those listed on the worksheet, and on his "feel" for the intangible factors affecting the operation. Note that descriptive terms are listed only in the low- and high-risk columns of the worksheet. The assessment of each factor will determine whether the risk matches one of these extremes or lies somewhere between them as a medium risk. SECTION 5 — FRATICIDE PREVENTION MEASURES SPECIAL NOTE: In many situations, the primary cause of fratricide is the lack of positive target identification. To prevent fratricide incidents, commanders and leaders at all levels must ensure positive
target identification before they issue commands to fire. In addition, all units must accurately report their locations during combat operations, and all tactical operations centers (TOC) and command posts (CP) must carefully track the location of all subordinate elements in relation to all friendly forces. The measures outlined in this section, including those listed in the special note above, provide the platoon with a guide to actions it can take to reduce and/or prevent fratricide risk. These guidelines are not directive in nature, nor are they intended to restrict initiative. Commanders and leaders must learn to apply them as appropriate based on the specific situation and METT-TC factors. At the heart of fratricide reduction and prevention are five key principles: • Identify and assess potential fratricide risks in the estimate of the situation. Express these risks in the OPORD and/or applicable FRAGOs. • Maintain situational awareness. Focus on such areas as current intelligence; unit locations/dispositions; denial areas (minefields/scatterable mines); contaminated areas, such as ICM and NBC; SITREPs; and METT-TC factors. • Ensure positive target identification. Review vehicle and weapons identification (ID) cards. Become familiar with the characteristics of potential friendly and enemy vehicles, including their silhouettes and thermal signatures. Know at what ranges and under what conditions positive identification of various vehicles and weapons is possible. (NOTE: Refer to the special note at the start of this section.) • Maintain effective fire control. Ensure fire commands are accurate, concise, and clearly stated. Make it mandatory for crewmen to ask for clarification of any portion of the fire command that they do not completely understand. Stress the importance of the chain of command in the fire control process; ensure crewmen get in the habit of obtaining target confirmation and permission to fire from their leaders before engaging targets they assume are enemy elements. • Establish a command climate that emphasizes fratricide prevention. Enforce fratricide prevention measures, placing special emphasis on the use of doctrinally sound TTP. Ensure constant supervision in the execution of orders and in the performance of all tasks and missions to standard. Additional guidelines and considerations fratricide reduction and prevention include the following: • Recognize the signs of battlefield stress. Maintain unit cohesion by taking quick, effective action to alleviate stress. • Conduct individual, leader, and collective (unit) training covering fratricide awareness, target identification and recognition, and fire discipline. • Develop a simple, decisive plan. • Give complete and concise mission orders. • To simplify mission orders, use SOPs that are consistent with doctrine. Periodically review and update SOPs as needed. • Strive to provide maximum planning time for leaders and subordinates. • Use common language/vocabulary and doctrinally correct standard terminology and control measures, such as the fire support coordination line (FSCL), zone of engagement, and restrictive fire line (RFL). • Ensure thorough coordination is conducted at all levels. • Plan for and establish effective communications. • Plan for collocation of CPs whenever it is appropriate to the mission, such as during a passage of lines. • Designate and employ LOs as appropriate. • Make sure ROE are clear. • Conduct rehearsals whenever the situation allows the platoon adequate time to do so. • Be in the right place at the right time. Use position location/navigation devices (GPS and POSNAV); know your location and the locations of adjacent units (left, right, leading, and follow-on); and synchronize tactical movement. If the platoon or any element becomes lost or misoriented, leaders must know how to contact higher headquarters immediately for instructions and assistance. • Include a discussion of fratricide incidents in all AARs. SECTION 6 — STOPPING A FRIENDLY FIRE INCIDENT The scout platoon may become involved in a friendly fire incident in one of several ways: as the victim of the fire; as the firing element; or as an observer intervening in an attack of one friendly element on another. This section covers actions that leaders and crewmen must be prepared to take when they encounter such situations.
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FIELD MANUAL No. 17-98 *FM 17-98 He
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Preface On the ever-changing landsc
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Figure 1-2. HMMWV scout platoon. VE
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Figure 1-4. CFV scout platoon two-s
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Eight-squad organization Figure 1-8
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general have capabilities and limit
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Figure 1-11. HMMWV characteristics.
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tactical and operational considerat
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• Models that depict the enemy’
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Figure 2-4. Example decision suppor
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Figure 2-6. Example R&S tasking mat
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The military decision-making proces
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Step 1 - Receive and analyze the mi
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• Where is the key terrain • Ho
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After the platoon leader has analyz
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leaders have issued their orders, t
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different colors for friendly and e
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Figure 2-11A. Optimizing battle spa
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Figure 2-12. Route chart for compas
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these means of communication must b
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Administrative/logistics. The scout
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• Use a brevity code that reduces
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The scout platoon’s scheme of man
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Figure 3-1. Area reconnaissance usi
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Converging routes method. The patro
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signatures of the vehicle and the l
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In each type of organization, the g
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EXAMPLE OF A ROUTE RECONNAISSANCE F
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Figure 3-8D. Route reconnaissance (
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Figure 3-8H. Route reconnaissance (
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oundaries, an LD, and an LOA or obj
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Figure 3-9D. Zone reconnaissance (c
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Figure 3-9H. Zone reconnaissance (c
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leader feels there may be enemy for
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Figure 3-10D. Area reconnaissance (
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Figure 3-10H. Area reconnaissance (
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troop-leading process (normally a m
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Recommending/executing a course of
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Figure 3-11D. Reconnaissance of a r
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Figure 3-12B. Reconnaissance of an
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Figure 3-12F. Reconnaissance of an
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Figure 3-13A. Infiltration scheme o
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Planning and coordination Figure 3-
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defensive operations, forcing it to
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CHAPTER 4 Security Operations In se
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Scouts maintain surveillance from a
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Redundancy. The platoon leader may
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most appropriate role for the scout
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ecause the scouts must move to the
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Figure 4-9b. Repositioning OPs in d
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Figure 4-10. Scout and tank team co
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With his troop commander’s guidan
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eposition to BP A5. The tank platoo
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A. OP J maintains contact with the
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Figure 4-21. Cavalry scout platoon
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Figure 4-24A. Convoy escort actioni
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Figure 4-25C. Escort breaking conta
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The following actions should be tak
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CHAPTER 5 Other Tactical Operations
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ACTIONS IN THE ASSEMBLY AREA As soo
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Checkpoints on a route are used for
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SECTION 3 — BATTLE HANDOVER AND P
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movement, movement formation, and e
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stationary unit is responsible for
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CHAPTER 6 Combat Support The scout
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• Scatterable mines. These includ
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Figure 6-2. Scouts requesting fire
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The scout platoon leader must be pr
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Figure 6-8. Attack helicopter batta
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movement. In addition, the air cava
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The first action in the handoff pro
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SECTION 3 — COMBAT ENGINEERS Brig
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Although passive measures are the f
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Figure 6-17. Stinger air defense sy
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sight range of 10,000 meters agains
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Whatever support the scout platoon
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should conduct resupply during miss
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of inspecting, testing, servicing,
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When a vehicle must be evacuated, t
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SECTION 5 — PRISONERS EPWs are ex
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CHAPTER 8 Basic Scout Skills Scouts
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This type of local security task is
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• Unobstructed observation of the
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is located with his vehicle in the
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Figure 8-7. Sample format and infor
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In this position, the vehicle comma
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Figure 8-13. Platoon column formati
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Figure 8-17. Section vee and wedge
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BOUNDING OVERWATCH Bounding overwat
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Figure 8-23. Mounted crest drill. D
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most vulnerable in wooded areas whe
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The scouts that are not in contact
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Maintain contact to support a hasty
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section/squad leader simply informs
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Deviation spotting As applied to de
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Figure 8-27. Bracketing Bracketing
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CHAPTER 9 Miscellaneous Field Data
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Figure 9-1. Reconnaissance overlay
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Figure 9-1. Reconnaissance overlay
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Figure 9-2. Example of overlay grap
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• Stretching a string or measurin
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7 inches = 17.78 centimeters 8 inch
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the antenna connector on the radio.
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FOOD AND WATER Water collection Wit
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Figure 9-7. Enemy weapons, vehicles
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higher commander’s intent. The sc
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• Linkup time and location. • P
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APPENDIX B Nuclear, Biological, and
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Equipment MOPP level MOPP READY MOP
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Give the alarm. Have all unmasked s
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Figure B-1. NBC marking devices. UN
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Page 239 and 240: • Once the wing vehicles reach th
Page 241 and 242: APPENDIX C Stability and Support Op
Page 243 and 244: activities. Examples of these are l
Page 245 and 246: Because of the unique requirements
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Page 249 and 250: excellent hasty roadblocks because
Page 251 and 252: Figure C-5. Deliberate checkpoint o
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Page 255 and 256: Photographic filter Instant cameras
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Page 259 and 260: Figure C-14. Ankle-to-ankle positio
Page 261 and 262: CORDON AND SEARCH OPERATIONS When i
Page 263 and 264: the armored unit’s mobility, prot
Page 265 and 266: APPENDIX D Military Operations on U
Page 267 and 268: The friendly commander should try t
Page 269 and 270: • It is vulnerable to enemy infan
Page 271 and 272: Figure D-3. Gaining a foothold in M
Page 273 and 274: Figure D-5. CFV provides support as
Page 275 and 276: Figure E-1. Figure E-1. Environment
Page 277 and 278: APPENDIX F Risk Management Risk is
Page 279 and 280: Moderate (M) Low (L) Expected degra
Page 281 and 282: • Thoroughly brief all aspects of
Page 283 and 284: APPENDIX G Fratricide Prevention Fr
Page 285: Lapses in individual discipline can
Page 289 and 290: Glossary A AA AAR ABF ACE ACR ADA A
Page 291 and 292: div DP DPICM DS DST DTD division de
Page 293 and 294: I J k ICM ID IEDK IFF IFSAS IPB IR
Page 295 and 296: NCO NCOIC NCS NEO NGO NLT NOD nonco
Page 297 and 298: RISTA ROE ROI ROUTEREP RP RSI rte R
Page 299 and 300: TTP tactics, techniques, and proced
Page 301 and 302: ARTEP 17-237-10-MTP Mission Trainin
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FM 17-98 SCOUT PLATOON

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